A5047686097- High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior
- Energetic Materials and Combustion
- Light effects on plants
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Structural Response to Dynamic Loads
- Polymer crystallization and properties
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Electromagnetic Launch and Propulsion Technology
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Engineering and Material Science Research
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Forest ecology and management
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Thermal and Kinetic Analysis
- Fluid Dynamics Simulations and Interactions
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Rocket and propulsion systems research
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Carbon Nanotubes in Composites
- Microstructure and mechanical properties
Qinetiq (United Kingdom)
2009-2024
Farm Africa
2024
University of Liverpool
2009-2020
Defence Science and Technology Laboratory
2013
University of Sheffield
2013
Blastech (United Kingdom)
2013
Royal Society
2013
University of Cambridge
2007-2013
University of Manchester
2013
Imperial College London
1992-2012
Understanding genome organization and gene regulation requires insight into RNA transcription, processing modification. We adapted nanopore direct sequencing to examine from a wild-type accession of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana mutant defective in mRNA methylation (m6A). Here we show that m6A can be mapped full-length mRNAs transcriptome-wide reveal combinatorial diversity cap-associated transcription start sites, splicing events, poly(A) site choice tail length. Loss 3’ untranslated...
Abstract Circadian clocks maintain robust and accurate timing over a broad range of physiological temperatures, characteristic termed temperature compensation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, ambient affects the rhythmic accumulation transcripts encoding clock components TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION1 (TOC1), GIGANTEA (GI), partially redundant genes CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 (CCA1) LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY). The amplitude peak levels increase for TOC1 GI RNA rhythms as increases (from 17 to...
Abstract The endogenous circadian clock enables organisms to adapt their growth and development environmental changes. Here we describe how the is employed coordinate responses key signal auxin during lateral root (LR) emergence. In model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana , LRs originate from a group of stem cells deep within root, necessitating that new organs emerge through overlying tissues. We report rephased LR development. Metabolite transcript profiling revealed controls levels...
The Arabidopsis circadian clock orchestrates gene regulation across the day/night cycle. Although a multiple feedback loop circuit has been shown to generate 24-hr rhythm, it remains unclear how robust is in individual cells, or timing coordinated plant. Here we examine activity at single cell level seedlings over several days under constant environmental conditions. Our data reveal oscillations, albeit desynchronised. In particular, observe two waves of activity; one going down, and up...
The plant circadian clock plays an important role in enhancing performance and increasing vegetative yield. Much of our current understanding the mechanism function has come from development Arabidopsis thaliana as a model organism. Key to this rapid progress been robust markers, specifically circadian-regulated luciferase reporter genes. Studies crop species non-model organisms are currently hindered by absence simple high-throughput universal assay for function, accuracy robustness....
Abstract Viable circadian clocks help organisms to synchronize their development with daily and seasonal changes, thereby providing both evolutionary fitness advantage from an agricultural perspective. A high-resolution mapping approach combined mutant analysis revealed a cereal ortholog of Arabidopsis thaliana LUX ARRHYTHMO/PHYTOCLOCK 1 (LUX/PCL1) as promising candidate for the earliness per se 3 (Eps-3Am) locus in einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L.). Using delayed fluorescence...
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PPC; EC 4.1.1.31) catalyzes primary nocturnal CO2 fixation in Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) species. CAM PPC is regulated posttranslationally by a circadian clock-controlled protein kinase called phosphoenolpyruvate (PPCK). PPCK phosphorylates during the dark period, reducing its sensitivity to feedback inhibition malate and thus enhancing stored malate. Here, we report generation characterization of transgenic RNAi lines obligate species Kalanchoë...
Unlike C3 plants, Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants fix CO2 in the dark using phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PPC; EC 4.1.1.31). PPC combines with (as HCO3−), forming oxaloacetate. The oxaloacetate is converted to malate, leading malic accumulation vacuole, which peaks at dawn. During light period, malate decarboxylation concentrates around Rubisco for secondary fixation. CAM mutants lacking have not been described. Here, we employed RNA interference silence isogene PPC1 Kalanchoë...
This paper describes research performed on a polymer-bonded sugar (PBS) consisting of 66% caster in hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) binder The mechanical response the PBS and pure HTPB to applied loading at strain rate approximately 2000 s −1 temperatures from −80 +22°C is presented. materials were also characterized using dynamic analysis, X-ray tomography quasi-static loading. These measurements are required for development intermediate constitutive models explosives, which PBSs...
Map based cloning in Arabidopsis thaliana can be a difficult and time-consuming process, specifically if the phenotype is subtle scoring labour intensive. Here, we have re-sequenced 120-Mb genome of novel clock mutant early bird (ebi-1) Wassilewskija (Ws-2). We demonstrate utility sequencing backcrossed line limiting number SNPs considered. identify SNP gene AtNFXL-2 as likely cause ebi-1 phenotype.
Cold acclimation has been shown to be attenuated by the degradation of INDUCER OF CBF EXPRESSION1 protein E3 ubiquitin ligase HIGH EXPRESSION OSMOTICALLY RESPONSIVE GENES1 (HOS1). However, recent work suggested that HOS1 may have a wider range roles in plants than previously appreciated. Here, we show hos1 mutants are affected circadian clock function, exhibiting long-period phenotype wide temperature and light environments. We demonstrate accumulate polyadenylated mRNA nucleus defect is...
Abstract Estimation of the period length time-course data from cyclical biological processes, such as those driven by circadian pacemaker, is crucial for inferring properties clock found in many living organisms. We propose a methodology estimation based on spectrum resampling (SR) techniques. Simulation studies show that SR superior and more robust to non-sinusoidal noisy cycles than currently used routine Fourier approximations. In addition, simple fit oscillations using linear least...
We have performed simulations utilizing the dispersion-corrected density functional theory method (DFT-D) as parametrized by Grimme on selected polymorphs of RDX (cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine). Additionally, we present first experimental determination enthalpy fusion (ΔHfus) highly metastable β-form RDX. The characteristics for β-RDX were determined to be 186.7 ± 0.8 °C, 188.5 0.4 and 12.63 0.28 kJ mol–1 onset temperature, peak temperature (or melting point), ΔHfus, respectively. difference...
Individual plant cells have a genetic circuit, the circadian clock, that times key processes to day-night cycle. These clocks are aligned cycle by multiple environmental signals vary across plant. How does integrate clock rhythms, both within and between organs, ensure coordinated timing? To address this question, we examined at sub-tissue level Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings under conditions backgrounds. Our results show runs different speeds (periods) in each organ, which causes peak...
The emission of isoprene from the biosphere to atmosphere has a profound effect on Earth's atmospheric system. Until now, it been assumed that primary short-term controls are photosynthetically active radiation and temperature. Here we show emissions tropical tree (oil palm, Elaeis guineensis) under strong circadian control, clock is potentially able gate light-induced emissions. These rhythms robustly temperature compensated with still control at 38 degrees C. This well beyond acknowledged...
The circadian clock is an endogenous 24 h oscillator regulating many critical biological processes in plants. One of the key characteristics that it buffered against temperature, maintaining approximately rhythm over a broad physiological temperature range. Here, we tested temperature-buffering capacity across number Arabidopsis accessions using several reporters: leaf movement, CCA1:LUC and LHY:LUC. We found movement was best output. On other hand, when increases, rhythms CCA1 LHY...
A vital crop for sub-Saharan Africa, cowpea productivity is threatened by climate change, including increased heatwave intensity, duration, and frequency. Rubisco activase (Rca) a key molecular chaperone that maintains activity due to its thermal sensitivity target improving resilience. We identified characterised four Rca isoforms in Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cv. IT97K-499-35 vitro : Rca1β, Rca8α, Rca10α Rca10β. Cowpea leaf plant growth traits were also investigated during 5-day +10 °C...
The identification and cloning of full-length homologs circadian clock genes from Picea abies represent a first step to study the function evolution in gymnosperms. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that sequences key are conserved between angiosperms though fewer homologous copies were found for most gene families P. abies. We detected diurnal cycling using quantitative real-time PCR; however, appeared be rapidly dampened under free-running conditions. Given unexpected absence transcriptional...
For a range of eukaryote transcripts, the initiation degradation is coincident with addition short pyrimidine tag at 3' end. Previously, cytoplasmic mRNA tagging has been observed for human and fungal transcripts. We now report that Arabidopsis thaliana subject to U C nucleotides, as in Aspergillus nidulans. Mutations disrupt tagging, including A. nidulans cutA newly characterized gene, cutB, retard transcript degradation. Importantly, nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), major checkpoint...
A nickel/aluminum (NiAl) reactive powder system has been investigated to determine its mechanical properties under quasi-static and high rate compression understand deformation behavior. shock recovery used define reaction thresholds a triaxial loading system. Two shaped charge liners have fired into loose kiln dried sand whether the jet material reacts during formation process. simple press tool was developed from mixture of nickel aluminum conical design for liner. The particles were...