A5013759969- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Advanced Frequency and Time Standards
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Photonic and Optical Devices
- Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications
- Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Muon and positron interactions and applications
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
University of York
2016-2020
Ghent University
2015
Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules
2008-2014
Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules
1982-2014
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2008-2014
European Gravitational Observatory
2009-2012
Yale University
2011-2012
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
2011
Eötvös Loránd University
2010
University of Alabama at Birmingham
2010
Advanced gravitational wave interferometers, currently under realization, will soon permit the detection of waves from astronomical sources. To open era precision astronomy, a further substantial improvement in sensitivity is required. The future space-based Laser Interferometer Space Antenna and third-generation ground-based observatory Einstein Telescope (ET) promise to achieve required improvements frequency ranges. vastly improved third generation observatories could detailed...
Advanced gravitational wave detectors, currently under construction, are expected to directly observe signals of astrophysical origin. The Einstein Telescope (ET), a third-generation detector, has been proposed in order fully open up the emerging field astronomy. In this paper we describe sensitivity models for ET and investigate potential limits imposed by fundamental noise sources. A special focus is set on evaluating frequency band below 10 Hz where complex mixture seismic, gravity...
Large gravitational wave interferometric detectors, like Virgo and LIGO, demonstrated the capability to reach their design sensitivity, but transform these machines into an effective observational instrument for astronomy a large improvement in sensitivity is required. Advanced detectors near future third-generation observatories more than one decade will open possibility perform astronomical observations from Earth. An overview of possible science reaches technological progress needed...
This paper presents a complete description of Virgo, the French-Italian gravitational wave detector. The detector, built at Cascina, near Pisa (Italy), is very large Michelson interferometer, with 3 km-long arms. In this paper, following presentation physics requirements, leading to specifications for construction detailed all its different elements given. These include civil engineering infrastructures, huge ultra-high vacuum (UHV) chamber (about 6000 cubic metres), optical components,...
The advanced interferometer network will herald a new era in observational astronomy. There is very strong science case to go beyond the detector and build detectors that operate frequency range from 1 Hz-10 kHz, with sensitivity factor ten better amplitude. Such be able probe of topics nuclear physics, astronomy, cosmology fundamental providing insights into many unsolved problems these areas.
We describe the present state and future evolution of Virgo gravitational wave detector, realized by Collaboration at European Gravitational Observatory, in Cascina near Pisa Italy. summarize basic principles operation design features detector. sensitivity due to a series intermediate upgrades called Virgo+ which is being completed this year includes new monolithic suspensions. scientific potential Finally we discuss plans for second generation Advanced Virgo, introducing its features,...
Abstract The emergence of personalized and stratified medicine requires label-free, low-cost diagnostic technology capable monitoring multiple disease biomarkers in parallel. Silicon photonic biosensors combine high-sensitivity analysis with scalable, manufacturing, but they tend to measure only a single biomarker provide no information about their (bio)chemical activity. Here we introduce an electrochemical silicon sensor highly sensitive multiparameter profiling biomarkers. Our...
Virgo is one of the large, ground-based interferometers aimed at detecting gravitational waves. One technical problems limiting its sensitivity caused by light in output beams which backscattered seismically excited surfaces and couples back into main beam interferometer. The resulting noise was thoroughly studied, measured mitigated before Virgo's second science run (VSR2). residual during VSR2, increases periods with a large microseism activity, accurately predicted theoretical model....
The Virgo detector is a kilometer-length interferometer for gravitational wave detection located near Pisa (Italy). During its second science run (VSR2) in 2009, 6 months of data were accumulated with sensitivity close to design. In this paper, the methods used determine parameters estimation and reconstruction are described. main quantities be calibrated frequency response mirror actuation sensing output power. Focus also put on their absolute timing. monitoring calibration parameter...
Membrane solubilization by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is indispensable for many established biotechnological applications, including viral inactivation and protein extraction. Although the ensemble thermodynamics have been thoroughly explored, underlying molecular dynamics remained inaccessible, owing to major limitations of traditional measurement tools. Here, we integrate multiple advanced biophysical approaches gain multiangle insight into time-dependence fundamental kinetic steps...
Cell communication is primarily regulated by secreted proteins, whose inhomogeneous secretion often indicates physiological disorder. Parallel monitoring of innate protein-secretion kinetics from individual cells thus crucial to unravel systemic malfunctions. Here, we report a label-free, high-throughput method for parallel, in vitro, and real-time analysis specific single-cell signaling using hyperspectral photonic crystal resonant technology. Heterogeneity thrombopoietin expression HepG2...
The Virgo experiment, located near Pisa, Italy, is a large laser Michelson interferometer aiming at the first direct detection of gravitational waves. monitors relative distance its mirrors placed ends two 3 km-long perpendicular arms. goal to measure spectral differential variations arm lengths 10 −18 m/Hz 1/2 in frequency range from Hz kHz. Avoiding spurious motions optical components therefore essential detect Since ground motion 9 orders magnitude larger than length induced by waves,...
The solubilization of membranes by detergents is critical for many technological applications and has become widely used in biochemistry research to induce cell rupture, extract constituents, purify, reconstitute crystallize membrane proteins. thermodynamic details have been extensively investigated, but the kinetic aspects remain poorly understood. Here we a combination single-vesicle Förster resonance energy transfer (svFRET), fluorescence correlation spectroscopy quartz-crystal...
Virgo is designed to detect gravitational waves of both astrophysical and cosmological origin in the frequency range from a few Hz kHz. After end first science run, partially overlapped with LIGO fifth detector underwent several upgrades improve its sensitivity. The second run started at beginning July 2009 coincidence LIGO. A further upgrade planned 2010 installation new suspensions for test masses mirrors. This will lead considerable improvement sensitivity represents an intermediate step...
The Virgo interferometer is one of the big observatories aimed at detecting gravitational waves. This paper will describe + upgrades and commissioning work performed between first science run (VSR1) second (VSR2). Some results VSR2 be discussed, which was recently started with a good duty cycle an inspiral range for detection binary neutron–star inspirals 10 Mpc. To conclude, outlook given on some future detector.
The data collected by a gravitational wave interferometer are inevitably affected instrumental artefacts and environmental disturbances. In particular, for continuous (CW) studies it is important to detect narrow-band disturbances (the so-called "noise lines") during science runs, help scientists identify possibly remove or mitigate their sources. NoEMi (Noise Frequency Event Miner) framework exploits some of the algorithms implemented CW search identify, on daily basis, frequency lines...
In the nacre or aragonitic layer of an oyster pearl, there exists a 12-member proteome that regulates both early stages nucleation and nanoscale-to-mesoscale assembly tablets calcitic crystals from mineral nanoparticle precursors. Several approaches to understanding protein-associated mechanisms pearl formation have been developed, yet we still lack insight into how protein ensembles proteomes manage crystal growth. To provide additional insights, created proportionally defined combinatorial...
Silicon microring resonators are widely used as optical biosensors because of their high sensitivity and promise low-cost mass-manufacturing. Typically, they only measure the adsorbed molecular mass via refractive index change detect. Here, we propose demonstrate a silicon biosensor that can thickness density well electrochemical activity simultaneously, thereby enabling quantification conformation surface-immobilized biological layers in real time. Insight into is obtained by recording...
Einstein gravitational-wave Telescope (ET) is a design study funded by the European Commission to explore technological challenges of and scientific benefits from building third generation gravitational wave detector. The three-year study, which concluded earlier this year, has formulated conceptual an observatory that can support implementation new technology for next two three decades. goal talk introduce audience overall aims objectives project enumerate ET's potential influence our...