A5083226656- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Gut microbiota and health
- Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Fuel Cells and Related Materials
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
- Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides
- Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
- Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Marine Sponges and Natural Products
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Microbial metabolism and enzyme function
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
University of Vienna
2014-2024
Robert Bosch (Germany)
2021
Ecologie Microbienne Lyon
2013
TU Wien
2009-2012
Plansee (Austria)
1999-2001
Genes of archaea encoding homologues ammonia monooxygenases have been found on a widespread basis and in large amounts almost all terrestrial marine environments, indicating that oxidizing (AOA) might play major role nitrification Earth. However, only one pure isolate this group from environment has so far obtained, demonstrating archaeal oxidation coupled with autotrophic growth similar to the bacterial counterparts. Here we describe cultivation isolation an AOA soil. It grows or urea as...
Stable isotope labeling of agricultural polyesters enables demonstration their microbial utilization in soils.
Significance Measuring activity patterns of microbes in their natural environment is essential for understanding ecosystems and the multifaceted interactions microorganisms with eukaryotes. In this study, we developed a technique that allows fast nondestructive measurements microbial communities on single-cell level. Microbial were amended heavy water (D 2 O), treatment does not change available substrate pool. After incubation, physiologically active cells are rapidly identified Raman...
The animal and human intestinal mucosa secretes an assortment of compounds to establish a physical barrier between the host tissue contents, separation that is vital for health. Some pathogenic microorganisms as well members commensal microbiota have been shown be able break down these secreted compounds. Our understanding host-compound degradation by has limited knowledge about simplified model systems because difficulty in studying complex ecosystem vivo. In this study, we introduce...
The global atmospheric level of methane (CH 4 ), the second most important greenhouse gas, is currently increasing by ∼10 million tons per year. Microbial oxidation in unsaturated soils only known biological process that removes CH from atmosphere, but so far, bacteria can grow on have eluded all cultivation efforts. In this study, we isolated a pure culture bacterium, strain MG08 grows air at concentrations [1.86 parts volume (p.p.m.v.)]. This organism, named Methylocapsa gorgona , globally...
The bacterial oxidation of nitrite to nitrate is a key process the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria are considered highly specialized functional group, which depends on supply from other microorganisms and whose distribution strictly correlates with nitrification in environment wastewater treatment plants. On basis genomics, physiological experiments, single-cell analyses, we show that Nitrospira moscoviensis, represents widely distributed lineage nitrite-oxidizing...
Plant roots release recent photosynthates into the rhizosphere, accelerating decomposition of organic matter by saprotrophic soil microbes ('rhizosphere priming effect') which consequently increases nutrient availability for plants. However, about 90% all higher plant species are mycorrhizal, transferring a significant fraction their directly to fungal partners. Whether mycorrhizal fungi pass on plant-derived carbon (C) bacteria in root-distant areas, i.e. incite 'hyphosphere effect', is not...
The combined approach of incubating environmental samples with stable isotope-labeled substrates followed by single-cell analyses through high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) or Raman microspectroscopy provides insights into the in situ function microorganisms. This has found limited application soils presumably due to dispersal microbial cells a large background particles. We developed pipeline for efficient preparation cell extracts from subsequent methods combining...
NanoSIMS combined with fluorescence microscopy reveals subcellular structures in cancer cells where 15 N-labeled cisplatin is accumulated, implications for Pt–N bond integrity.
Prebiotics are defined as non-digestible dietary components that promote the growth of beneficial gut microorganisms. In many cases, however, this capability is not systematically evaluated. Here, we develop a methodology for determining prebiotic-responsive bacteria using popular supplement inulin. We first identify microbes with capacity to bind inulin mesoporous silica nanoparticles functionalized 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing sorted cells revealed ability was widespread in...
Nutritional interactions between corals and symbiotic dinoflagellate algae lie at the heart of structural foundation coral reefs. Whilst genetic diversity Symbiodinium has attracted particular interest because its contribution to sensitivity environmental changes bleaching (i.e. disruption coral-dinoflagellate symbiosis), very little is known about in hospite metabolic capabilities different types. Using a combination stable isotopic labelling nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry...
Abstract Photosynthetic microbial mats are complex, stratified ecosystems in which high rates of primary production create a demand for nitrogen, met partially by N2 fixation. Dinitrogenase reductase (nifH) genes and transcripts from Cyanobacteria heterotrophic bacteria (for example, Deltaproteobacteria) were detected these mats, yet their contribution to fixation is poorly understood. We used combined approach manipulation experiments with inhibitors, nifH sequencing single-cell isotope...
The ruthenium-based anticancer agent BOLD-100/KP1339 has shown promising results in several vitro and vivo tumour models as well early clinical trials. However, its mode of action remains to be fully elucidated. Recent evidence identified stress induction the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) concomitant down-modulation HSPA5 (GRP78) key drug effects. By exploiting naturally formed adduct between BOLD-100 human serum albumin an immobilization strategy, we were able perform target-profiling...
Extracellular DNA is a major macromolecule in global element cycles, and particularly crucial phosphorus, nitrogen carbon source for microorganisms the seafloor. Nevertheless, identities, ecophysiology genetic features of DNA-foraging marine sediments are largely unknown. Here, we combined microcosm experiments, stable isotope probing (SIP), single-cell SIP using nano-scale secondary mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) genome-centric metagenomics to study microbial catabolism its subcomponents...
One of the biggest challenges in microbiome research environmental and medical samples is to better understand functional properties microbial community members at a single-cell level. Single-cell isotope probing has become key tool for this purpose, but current detection methods determination incorporation into single cells do not allow high-throughput analyses. Here, we report on development an imaging-based approach termed stimulated Raman scattering-two-photon fluorescence situ...
Abstract Atmospheric methane oxidizing bacteria (atmMOB) constitute the sole biological sink for atmospheric methane. Still, physiological basis allowing atmMOB to grow on air is not well understood. Here we assess ability and strategies of seven methanotrophic species with as energy, carbon, nitrogen source. Four species, including three outside canonical group USCα, enduringly oxidized methane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen during 12 months growth air. These four exhibited distinct substrate...
Abstract Many human-targeted drugs alter the gut microbiome, leading to implications for host health. However, mechanisms underlying these effects are not well known. Here we combined quantitative microbiome profiling, long-read metagenomics, stable isotope probing and single-cell chemical imaging investigate impact of two widely prescribed on microbiome. Physiologically relevant concentrations entacapone, a treatment Parkinson’s disease, or loxapine succinate, used treat schizophrenia, were...
Pseudomonas syringae is a common plant pathogen, posing significant threats to the global crop production. By producing ice-nucleating proteins (INpro), encoded by inaZ gene, cells can inflict frost injuries plants, gaining access nutrient-rich tissue. Furthermore, P. impact cloud formation and interfere with atmospheric chemistry through their metabolic ice-nucleation activity. Both activity gene expression under conditions remain poorly understood, limiting our ability accurately predict...
The giant colonial ciliate Zoothamnium niveum harbors a monolayer of the gammaproteobacteria Cand. Thiobios zoothamnicoli on its outer surface. Cultivation experiments revealed maximal growth and survival under steady flow high oxygen low sulfide concentrations. We aimed at directly demonstrating sulfur-oxidizing, chemoautotrophic nature symbionts investigating putative carbon transfer from symbiont to host. performed pulse-chase incubations with
Albumin-targeting of a maleimide-containing oxaliplatin-releasing platinum( iv ) prodrug results in tumor-specific drug delivery and activity as shown by LA-ICP-MS, isotope-labeling NanoSIMS cell culture vivo .
A NanoSIMS, LA-ICP-MS and TEM combinatorial approach was applied to analyze the distribution of platinum( iv ) prodrugs in murine tissue samples.
Abstract Legume–rhizobia symbioses play a major role in food production for an ever growing human population. In this symbiosis, dinitrogen is reduced (“fixed”) to ammonia by the rhizobial nitrogenase enzyme complex and secreted plant host cells, whereas dicarboxylic acids derived from photosynthetically produced sucrose are transported into symbiosomes serve as respiratory substrates bacteroids. The symbiosome membrane contains high levels of SST1 protein, sulfate transporter. Sulfate...
Ectomycorrhizal plants trade plant-assimilated carbon for soil nutrients with their fungal partners. The underlying mechanisms, however, are not fully understood. Here we investigate the exchange of nitrogen in ectomycorrhizal symbiosis Fagus sylvatica across different spatial scales from root system to cellular level. We provided 15 N-labelled mycorrhizal hyphae associated one half young beech trees, while exposing a 13 CO2 atmosphere. analysed short-term distribution C and N isotope-ratio...