A5059119847- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- RNA regulation and disease
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Topological and Geometric Data Analysis
- interferon and immune responses
- Data Visualization and Analytics
- Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
- Color Science and Applications
- Action Observation and Synchronization
- Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Motor Control and Adaptation
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
- Sport Psychology and Performance
- Ancient Near East History
- Historical, Religious, and Philosophical Studies
- Color perception and design
University of Utah
2015-2025
Eye Institute of Utah
2015-2024
Eye Center
2012
Abstract Sensory information travels along feedforward connections through a hierarchy of cortical areas, which, in turn, send feedback to lower-order areas. Feedback has been implicated attention, expectation, and sensory context, but the mechanisms underlying these diverse functions are unknown. Using specific optogenetic inactivation from secondary visual area (V2), we show how affects neural responses primate primary cortex (V1). Reducing activity increases V1 cells’ receptive field (RF)...
Abstract Optogenetics has transformed studies of neural circuit function, but remains challenging to apply non-human primates (NHPs). A major challenge is delivering intense, spatiotemporally-precise, patterned photostimulation across large volumes in deep tissue. Such stimulation critical, for example, modulate selectively deep-layer corticocortical feedback circuits. To address this need, we have developed the Utah Optrode Array (UOA), a 10×10 glass needle waveguide array fabricated atop...
Tracing neurons in large-scale microscopy data is crucial to establishing a wiring diagram of the brain, which needed understand how neural circuits brain process information and generate behavior. Automatic techniques often fail for large complex datasets, connectomics researchers may spend weeks or months manually tracing using 2D image stacks. We present design study new virtual reality (VR) system, developed collaboration with trained neuroanatomists, trace microscope scans visual cortex...
Abstract The mammalian sensory neocortex consists of hierarchically organized areas reciprocally connected via feedforward (FF) and feedback (FB) circuits. Several theories hierarchical computation ascribe the bulk computational work cortex to looped FF-FB circuits between pairs cortical areas. However, whether such corticocortical loops exist remains unclear. In higher mammals, individual FF-projection neurons send afferents almost exclusively a single higher-level area. it is unclear...
Abstract The sensory neocortex consists of hierarchically-organized areas reciprocally connected via feedforward and feedback circuits. Feedforward connections shape the receptive field properties neurons in higher within parallel streams specialized processing specific stimulus attributes. Feedback have been implicated top-down modulations, such as attention, prediction context. However, their computational role remains unknown, partly because we lack knowledge about rules connectivity to...
In the primate visual system, areas V1 and V2 distribute information they receive from retina to all higher cortical areas, sorting this into dorsal ventral streams. Therefore, knowledge of organization projections between is crucial understand how cortex processes information. primates, parallel output pathways project distinct stripes. The traditional tripartite division V1-to-V2 was recently replaced by a bipartite scheme, in which thin stripes inputs blob columns, thick pale common input...
Optogenetics has transformed the study of neural circuit function, but limitations in its application to species with large brains, such as non-human primates (NHPs), remain. A major challenge NHP optogenetics is delivering light sufficiently volumes deep tissue high spatiotemporal precision, without simultaneously affecting superficial tissue. To overcome these limitations, we recently developed and tested vivo cortex, Utah Optrode Array (UOA). This a 10×10 array penetrating glass shanks,...
In the mammalian neocortex, inhibition is important for dynamically balancing excitation and shaping response properties of cells circuits. The various computational functions are thought to be mediated by different inhibitory neuron types, which a large diversity exists in several species. Current understanding function connectivity distinct types has mainly derived from studies transgenic mice. However, it unknown whether knowledge gained mouse applies non-human primate, model system...
The influence of action knowledge associated with novel objects was investigated using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants were trained on complex actions (“tools”) and had experience manipulating other visually similar (“shapes”). During scanning, participants viewed, imagined grasping, the objects. Based previous neuroimaging neuropsychological findings, our primary goal to examine frontal parietal regions subserving representations visual objects, namely left inferior...
The primate visual cortex consists of many areas. posterior areas (V1, V2, V3, and middle temporal) are thought to be common all species. However, the organization immediately anterior area V2 (the “third tier” cortex) remains controversial, particularly in New World primates. main point contention has been whether third tier a single representing lower upper quadrants dorsal ventral cortex, respectively, or 2 distinct dorsomedial [DM] V3-like area). Resolving this controversy is crucial...
In the primate visual cortex, areas V1 and V2 distribute information they receive from retina to virtually all extrastriate parsing this into dorsal ventral streams. Therefore, understanding connectivity between is crucial understand cortical processing. Cytochrome oxidase staining in reveals a repeating pattern of pale–thick–pale–thin stripes. sends parallel output pathways distinct Previous models proposed either three or two V1-to-V2 macaque, but both viewed pale stripes within single...
In primates, a split of the horizontal meridian (HM) representation at V2 rostral border divides this area into dorsal (V2d) and ventral (V2v) halves (representing lower upper visual quadrants, respectively), causing retinotopically neighboring loci across HM to be distant within V2. How is perceptual continuity maintained discontinuous representation? Injections neuroanatomical tracers in marmoset V2d demonstrated that cells near can maintain retinotopic their classical extra-classical...
Abstract The organization of the cortex located immediately anterior to second visual area (V2), i.e., third tier cortex, remains controversial, especially in New World primates. In particular, there is lack consensus regarding exact location and extent lower quadrant representation V3 (or ventrolateral posterior –VLP – a different nomenclature). Microelectrode connectional mapping studies have revealed existence an upper abutting dorsal V2 anteriorly, bordered medially laterally by...
Researchers in the field of connectomics are working to reconstruct a map neural connections brain order understand at fundamental level how processes information. Constructing this wiring diagram is done by tracing neurons through high-resolution image stacks acquired with fluorescence microscopy imaging techniques. While large number automatic algorithms have been proposed, these frequently rely on local features data and fail noisy or ambiguous cases, requiring time-consuming manual...
In the mammalian neocortex, inhibition is important for dynamically balancing excitation and shaping response properties of cells circuits. The various computational functions are thought to be mediated by different inhibitory neuron types which a large diversity exists in several species. Current understanding function connectivity distinct has mainly derived from studies transgenic mice. However, it unknown whether knowledge gained mouse applies non-human primate, model system closest...
Decades of anatomical studies on the primate primary visual cortex (V1) have led to a detailed diagram V1 intrinsic circuitry, but this lacks information about output targets cells. Understanding how local processing relates downstream requires identification neuronal populations defined by their targets. In primates, layers (L)2/3 and 4B send segregated projections distinct cytochrome oxidase (CO) stripes in area V2: neurons CO blob columns project thin while outside thick pale stripes,...
Abstract Optogenetics has transformed studies of neural circuit function, but remains challenging to apply in non-human primates (NHPs). A major challenge is delivering intense and spatially precise patterned photostimulation across large volumes deep tissue. Here, we have developed validated the Utah Optrode Array (UOA) meet this critical need. The UOA a 10×10 glass waveguide array bonded an electrically-addressable µLED array. In vivo electrophysiology immediate early gene (c-fos)...
ABSTRACT The mammalian sensory neocortex consists of hierarchically organized areas reciprocally connected via feedforward (FF) and feedback (FB) circuits. Several theories hierarchical computation ascribe the bulk computational work cortex to looped FF-FB circuits between pairs cortical areas. However, whether such corticocortical loops exist remains unclear. In higher mammals, individual FF-projection neurons send afferents almost exclusively a single higher-level area. it is unclear...
Modern science is inundated with ever increasing data sizes as computational capabilities and image acquisition techniques continue to improve. For example, simulations are tackling larger domains higher fidelity, high-throughput microscopy generate that fundamental gather biologically medically relevant insights. As the exceed memory, even sometimes local disk space, each step in a scientific workflow impacted. Current software solutions enable exploration limited interactivity for...
Abstract The mammalian sensory neocortex consists of hierarchically organized areas reciprocally connected via feedforward (FF) and feedback (FB) circuits. Several theories hierarchical computation ascribe the bulk computational work cortex to looped FF-FB circuits between pairs cortical areas. However, whether such corticocortical loops exist remains unclear. In higher mammals, FF projections send afferents almost exclusively a single higher-level area. it is unclear FB show similar...
The goal of the recently emerged field connectomics is to generate a wiring diagram brain at different scales. To identify circuitry, neuroscientists use specialized microscopes perform multichannel imaging labeled neurons very high resolution. CLARITY tissue clearing allows circuits through entire blocks, without need for sectioning and section-to-section alignment. Imaging large complex non-human primate with sufficient resolution disambiguate between axons, in particular, produces massive...
In the mammalian neocortex, inhibition is important for dynamically balancing excitation and shaping response properties of cells circuits. The various computational functions are thought to be mediated by different inhibitory neuron types which a large diversity exists in several species. Current understanding function connectivity distinct has mainly derived from studies transgenic mice. However, it unknown whether knowledge gained mouse applies non-human primate, model system closest...