A5029086323- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Engineering Education and Pedagogy
- Maternal and fetal healthcare
- Experimental Learning in Engineering
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Advanced Data Storage Technologies
- Wireless Body Area Networks
- Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
- Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Aortic aneurysm repair treatments
- High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena
- Biofield Effects and Biophysics
- Assisted Reproductive Technology and Twin Pregnancy
Duke University
2016-2024
Duke University Hospital
2017-2022
Duke Medical Center
2017-2022
McGovern Institute for Brain Research
2014-2020
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2014-2020
Harvard–MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology
2010-2017
Harvard University
2016
Carnegie Mellon University
2010
Grove City College
2007
Optogenetic methods have been highly effective for suppressing neural activity and modulating behavior in rodents, but effects much smaller primates, which larger brains. Here, we present a suite of technologies to use optogenetics effectively primates apply these tools classic question oculomotor control. First, measured light absorption heat propagation vivo, optimized the conditions using red-light-shifted halorhodopsin Jaws developed large-volume illuminator maximize delivery with...
Abstract Objective Numerous investigators have theorized that postoperative changes in Alzheimer's disease neuropathology may underlie neurocognitive disorders. Thus, we determined the relationship between cognition and cerebrospinal ( CSF ) tau, p‐tau‐181p, or Aβ levels after non‐cardiac, non‐neurologic surgery older adults. Methods Participants underwent cognitive testing before 6 weeks surgery, lumbar punctures before, 24 h after, surgery. Cognitive scores were combined via factor...
Purpose: Quantitative measurements of wall thickness in human abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) may lead to more accurate methods for the evaluation their biomechanical environment. Methods: The authors describe an algorithm estimating AAAs based on intensity histograms and neural networks involving segmentation contrast enhanced computed tomography images. was applied ten ruptured unruptured AAA image data sets. Two vascular surgeons manually segmented lumen, inner wall, outer each set a...
Physiologic signals such as the electroencephalogram (EEG) demonstrate irregular behaviors due to interaction of multiple control processes operating over different time scales. The complexity this behavior can be quantified using multi-scale entropy (MSE). High physiologic denotes health, and a loss predict adverse outcomes. Since postoperative delirium is particularly hard predict, we investigated whether preoperative intraoperative frontal EEG could its endophenotype, inattention. To...
BackgroundIn the eyes-closed, awake condition, EEG oscillatory power in alpha band (7–13 Hz) dominates human spectral activity. With eyes open, however, substantially decreases. Less attenuation with opening has been associated inattention; thus, we analysed whether reduced preoperative is postoperative inattention, a delirium-defining feature.MethodsPreoperative 32-channel was recorded open and closed 71 non-neurological, noncardiac surgery patients aged ≥ 60 years. Inattention other...
The most common complication in older surgical patients is postoperative delirium (POD). POD associated with preoperative cognitive impairment and longer durations of intraoperative burst suppression (BSup) – electroencephalography (EEG) repeated periods (very low-voltage brain activity). However, BSup has modest sensitivity for predicting POD. We hypothesized that a state lowered EEG power immediately precedes BSup, which we have termed “pre-burst suppression” (preBSup). Further, even...
Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), a syndrome of deficits occurring 1–12 months after surgery primarily in older patients, is associated with poor postoperative outcomes. POCD hypothesized to result from neuroinflammation; however, the pathways involved remain unclear. Unbiased proteomic analyses have been used identify neuroinflammatory multiple neurologic diseases and syndromes but not yet applied POCD. Objective: To utilize unbiased mass spectrometry-based proteomics...
Delirium is a common postoperative neurologic complication among older adults. Despite its prevalence (14%–50%) and likely association with inflammation, the exact mechanisms that underpin delirium are unclear. This project aimed to characterize systemic central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory changes following surgery in mice humans. Matched plasma cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from "Investigating Neuroinflammation Underlying Postoperative Brain Connectivity Changes, Cognitive...
Structured Abstract Background Postoperative delirium is the most common complication following surgery among older adults, and has been consistently associated with increased mortality morbidity, cognitive decline, loss of independence, as well markedly health-care costs. Electroencephalography (EEG) spectral slowing frequently observed during episodes delirium, whereas intraoperative frontal alpha power postoperative delirium. We sought to identify preoperative predictors that could...
This protocol describes a large-volume illuminator, which was developed for optogenetic manipulations in the non-human primate brain. The illuminator is modified plastic optical fiber with etched tip, such that light emitting surface area > 100x of conventional fiber. In addition to describing construction this details quality-control calibration used ensure even distribution. Further, techniques inserting and removing large volume illuminator. Both superficial deep structures may be...
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Abstract Nearly all geriatric surgical complications are studied in the context of a single organ system, e.g., cardiac and heart; delirium brain; infections immune system. Yet, we know that advanced age, physiological stress, infection increase sympathetic decrease parasympathetic nervous system function. Parasympathetic function is mediated through vagus nerve, which connects heart, brain, to form, what have termed, brain–heart-immune axis. We hypothesize this axis plays critical role...
This protocol describes a large-volume illuminator, which was developed for optogenetic manipulations in the non-human primate brain. The illuminator is modified plastic optical fiber with etched tip, such that light emitting surface area > 100x of conventional fiber. In addition to describing construction this details quality-control calibration used ensure even distribution. Further, techniques inserting and removing large volume illuminator. Both superficial deep structures may be...
Software-defined radio (SDR) is a self-contained, embedded software system with hardware components and real-time constraints. SDR the basis for many of today's wireless communications systems. Because combines basic digital signal processing, circuitry, elements, it perfect project multi-disciplinary, undergraduate teams. This paper explains both created by computer science engineering undergraduates at Grove City College how projects can help acquire skills to succeed on multidisciplinary
Software-defined radio (SDR) is a self-contained, embedded software system with hardware components and real-time constraints. SDR the basis for many of today's wireless communications systems. Because combines basic digital signal processing, circuitry, elements, it perfect project multi-disciplinary, undergraduate teams. This paper explains both created by computer science engineering undergraduates at Grove City College how projects can help acquire skills to succeed on multidisciplinary