A5089457205- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Sex work and related issues
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Malaria Research and Control
- Diabetes Management and Education
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- ICT in Developing Communities
- Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Hormonal and reproductive studies
University of Hull
2023-2025
National Health Service
2021-2025
Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration
2013-2024
Hull York Medical School
2024
York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
2021-2023
Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2021
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2016
University of California, San Francisco
2016
Makerere University
2016
Universal antiretroviral therapy (ART) with annual population testing and a multidisease, patient-centered strategy could reduce new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections improve community health.We randomly assigned 32 rural communities in Uganda Kenya to baseline HIV multidisease national guideline-restricted ART (control group) or plus testing, eligibility for universal ART, care (intervention group). The primary end point was the cumulative incidence of infection at 3 years....
Men's uptake of HIV testing is critical to the success "test and treat" strategies in generalized epidemics. This study sought identify cultural factors community processes that influence men's baseline year an ongoing test-and-treat trial among 334,479 persons eastern Africa (SEARCH, NCT#01864603). Data were collected using participant observation at mobile health campaigns (CHCs) (n = 28); focus group discussions 8 groups) with CHC participants; in-depth interviews care providers 50),...
People living with HIV/AIDS anticipate HIV-related stigma and fear disclosure to intimate partners. Yet, is critical reducing HIV transmission improving care engagement. This qualitative study characterized experiences normative beliefs among couples in communities participating an test-and-treat trial Kenya Uganda (Sustainable East Africa Research Community Health, NCT#01864603). In-depth interviews were conducted providers (n = 50), leaders 32) members 112) of eight communities. Data...
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the relationship between time below range (TBR), impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH), and severe (SH). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS cross-sectional analyzed data from individuals with diabetes using continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) in Association British Clinical Diabetologists audit. Hypoglycemia was assessed via Gold score (≥4 denoting IAH), SH defined as requiring third-party assistance. Logistic regression used determine association TBR...
HIV-related stigma is a frequently cited barrier to HIV testing and care engagement. A nuanced understanding of critical for developing stigma-reduction interventions optimize outcomes. This qualitative study documented across eight communities in east Africa during the baseline year large test-and-treat trial (SEARCH, NCT: 01864603), prior implementation widespread community campaigns efforts link individuals with treatment. Findings revealed experiences enacted, internalized anticipated...
In 2013-2014, we achieved 89% adult HIV testing coverage using a hybrid approach in 32 communities Uganda and Kenya (SEARCH: NCT01864603). To inform scalability, sought to determine: (1) overall cost efficiency of this approach; (2) costs associated with point-of-care (POC) CD4 testing, multidisease services, community mobilization.We applied microcosting methods estimate population-wide 12 SEARCH trial communities. Main intervention components the are census, health campaigns (CHC),...
We sought to increase adolescent HIV testing across rural communities in east Africa and identify predictors of undiagnosed HIV.Hybrid mobile testing.We enumerated 116 326 adolescents (10-24 years) 32 Uganda Kenya (NCT01864603): 98 694 (85%) reported stable (≥6 months prior year) residence. In each community we performed hybrid testing: 2-week multidisease health campaign that included testing, followed by home-based nonparticipants. measured coverage prevalence, determined newly diagnosed...
Abstract Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment reduces tuberculosis (TB) disease and mortality; however, the population-level impact of universal HIV-test-and-treat interventions on TB infection transmission remain unclear. Methods In a sub-study nested in SEARCH trial, community cluster-randomized trial (NCT01864603), we assessed whether intervention reduced incident rural Uganda. Intervention communities received annual, HIV testing patient-centered linkage. Control at...
Abstract Background The distribution of the enzymopathy glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is linked to areas high malaria endemicity due its association with protection from disease. G6PD also identified as cause severe haemolysis following administration anti-malarial drug primaquine and further use this will likely require identification on a population level. Current conventional methods for screening have various disadvantages field use. Methods WST8/1-methoxy PMS...
To evaluate the clinical features and impact of flash glucose monitoring in older adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) across age groups defined as young-old, middle-old, old-old.
Abstract Aim To understand the effect of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) in people with diabetes a ‘psychosocial’ indication for access. Methods The study utilized baseline and follow‐up data from Association British Clinical Diabetologists nationwide audit UK. Diabetes‐related distress (DRD) was assessed using two‐item diabetes‐related scale (DDS). Participants were categorized into two groups: high DRD (DDS score ≥ 3) lower < 3). t ‐test used to assess...
Background. Malaria control strategies depend on identifying individuals with parasitemia, who may be asymptomatic but retain the ability to transmit disease. Population-level survey data parasitemia are limited and traditionally exclude adults human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected individuals. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional of residents aged 18 months 94 years in Nankoma, Uganda. Blood specimens were collected using dried blood spot technique from 9629 (87.6%), samples subset...
Background Rapid diagnostic tests for malaria (mRDTs) have been scaled-up widely across Africa. The PRIME study evaluated an intervention aiming to improve fever case management using mRDTs at public health centers in Uganda. Methods A cluster-randomized trial was conducted from 2010–13 Tororo, a high transmission setting. Twenty were randomized 1:1 ratio or control. included training center management, with mRDTs, and patient-centered services; plus provision of artemether-lumefantrine (AL)...
Background The age-specific epidemiology of child and adolescent tuberculosis (TB) is poorly understood, especially in rural areas East Africa. We sought to characterize the prevalence predictors TB infection among children adolescents living Uganda, explore contribution household exposure on infection. Methods From 2015–2016 we placed read 3,121 tuberculin skin tests (TST) (5–11 years old) (12–19 participating a nested survey 9 Eastern Ugandan communities. was defined as positive TST...
Abstract Objective This study aimed to understand the effect of time remission acromegaly on survival in people living with acromegaly. Design, Patients and Measurement cross‐sectional used data from UK Acromegaly Register. We considered growth hormone controlled at ≤2 μg/L following diagnosis accelerated failure model assess Results The population comprises 3569 individuals acromegaly, a median age 47.3 (36.5–57.8) years, 48% females majority white (61%). number first was 2472, 1.92...
Expectations about future health and longevity are important determinants of individuals' decisions to invest in physical human capital. Few population-level studies have measured subjective expectations examined how they affected by scale-up antiretroviral therapy (ART). We assessed these communities receiving annual HIV testing universal ART. Longitudinal data on were collected at baseline one year later 16 intervention participating the Sustainable East Africa Research Community Health...
Social network analysis can elucidate tuberculosis transmission dynamics outside the home and may inform novel network-based case-finding strategies.We assessed association between social characteristics prevalent infection among residents (aged ≥15 years) of 9 rural communities in Eastern Uganda. contacts named during a census were used to create community-specific nonhousehold networks. We evaluated whether structure first-degree (sex, human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] status, infection)...
Active tuberculosis (TB) screening outside clinics and in communities may reduce undiagnosed TB.To determine the yield of TB during community-based HIV testing campaigns (CHC) 7 rural Ugandan within an ongoing cluster-randomized trial universal treatment (SEARCH, NCT:01864603), we offered sputum microscopy to participants with prolonged cough (>2 weeks). We determined number persons needed screen identify one case, cases identified that linked clinic completed treatment.Of 36,785 adults...
Abstract Disclosure: E. Ssemmondo: None. N. Nadarajah: S. Brooks: R. Akinyombo JNR: K.A. Adeleke: H. Deshmukh: T. Sathyapalan: Introduction: Growth hormone replacement is indicated in adults with severe growth (GH) deficiency, adult deficiency assessment (AGHDA) score of at least 11 and are receiving treatment for other pituitary deficiencies. GH administered as a daily subcutaneous injection. There no data looking the cessation patients factors that predict likelihood continuing or stopping...
Abstract Disclosure: J. Porto: None. E. Ssemmondo: N. Obike: A. Abobaker: R. March: Tun: T. Pawlak: Objective: A clinical audit was conducted to assess if there any improvement in management of hypophosphatemia among patients admitted the medical wards using local Trust protocol, following structured edcational sessions junior doctors covering wards. Design and methodology: The 2 cycles were between March 2020 September 2021 Scarborough district Hospital. notes 52 (20 first cycle 32...
Background: Growth hormone replacement is indicated in adults with severe growth (GH) deficiency, adult deficiency assessment (AGHDA) score of at least 11 and are receiving treatment for other pituitary deficiencies. There no data looking the cessation GH patients factors that predict likelihood continuing or stopping replacement. Methods: We audited on register between January 2006 2023 Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS foundation Trust, a UK tertiary hospital. Baseline...