A5004425339- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Methemoglobinemia and Tumor Lysis Syndrome
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Diverse Scientific Research Studies
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration
2013-2025
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
2025
University of Notre Dame
2024
Catholic Relief Services
2024
University of California, San Francisco
2024
International Development Research Centre
2024
Johns Hopkins University
2022
BackgroundLong-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the primary malaria prevention tool, but their effectiveness is threatened by pyrethroid resistance. We embedded a pragmatic cluster-randomised trial into Uganda's national LLIN campaign to compare conventional LLINs with those containing piperonyl butoxide (PBO), synergist that can partially restore susceptibility in mosquito vectors.Methods104 health sub-districts, from 48 districts Uganda, were randomly assigned PBO (PermaNet 3.0 and...
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the cornerstone of malaria control, but their effectiveness is threatened by pyrethroid resistance. We embedded a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial into Uganda’s national LLIN distribution campaign in 2020–2021, comparing pyrethroid-piperonyl butoxide (PBO) LLINs to pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen LLINs. Target communities surrounding public health facilities (clusters, n=64), covering 32 districts were included. Clusters randomised 1:1 blocks two...
Abstract The scale-up of malaria control efforts has led to marked reductions in burden over the past twenty years, but progress slowed. Implementation indoor residual spraying (IRS) insecticide, a proven vector intervention, been limited and difficult sustain partly because questions remain on its added impact widely accepted interventions such as bed nets. Using data from 14 enhanced surveillance health facilities Uganda, country with high net coverage yet burden, we estimate starting...
Routine malaria surveillance data in Africa primarily come from public health facilities reporting to national management information systems. Although on gender is routinely collected patients presenting these facilities, stratification of by rarely done. This study evaluated difference among diagnosed with parasitological confirmed at Uganda.This utilized individual level patient January 2020 through April 2021 12 Uganda and cross-sectional surveys conducted target areas around 2021....
Five years of sustained indoor residual spraying (IRS) insecticide from 2014 to 2019, first using a carbamate followed by an organophosphate, was associated with marked reduction in the incidence malaria five districts Uganda. We assessed changes over additional 21 months, corresponding change IRS formulations clothianidin and without deltamethrin. Using enhanced health facility surveillance data, our objectives were 1) estimate impact on monthly case counts at sites 6.75 year period, 2)...
The High Burden Impact (HBHI) strategy for malaria encourages countries to use multiple sources of available data define the sub-national vulnerabilities risk, including parasite prevalence. Here, a modelled estimate Plasmodium falciparum from an updated assembly community survey in Kenya, mainland Tanzania, and Uganda is presented used provide more contemporary understanding prevalence stratification across sub-region 2019. Malaria surveys undertaken between January 2010 June 2020 were...
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the foundation of malaria control but resistance mosquito vectors to pyrethroids threatens their effectiveness. We embedded a cluster-randomised trial into Uganda's 2017-18 campaign distribute LLINs. LLINs with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) reduced parasite prevalence more effectively than conventional (without PBO) for 18 months. Here, we report final 25-month survey results.LLINEUP was conducted in 48 districts eastern and western Uganda. 104 health...
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) supplemented with the synergist piperonyl butoxide have been developed in response to growing pyrethroid resistance; however, their durability field remains poorly described. A pragmatic cluster-randomised trial was embedded into Uganda's 2017–2018 LLIN distribution compare of LLINs and without PBO. total 104 clusters (health sub-districts) were included each receiving one four products, two + PBO (Olyset Plus PermaNet 3.0) pyrethroid-only Net 2.0)....
Abstract Pyrethroid bednets treated with the synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO) offer possibility of improved vector control in mosquito populations metabolic resistance. In 2017–2019, we conducted a large-scale, cluster-randomised trial (LLINEUP) to evaluate long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) pyrethroid insecticide plus PBO (PBO LLINs), as compared conventional, pyrethroid-only LLINs across 104 health sub-districts (HSDs) Uganda. LLINEUP, and similar trials Tanzania, were found provide...
Abstract Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are a key malaria control intervention. To investigate factors associated with ownership and use of LLINs in Uganda, cross-sectional community survey was conducted March–June 2017, approximately 3 years after national Universal Coverage Campaign (UCC). Methods Households from 104 clusters (health sub-districts) 48 districts were randomly selected using two-staged cluster sampling; 50 households enrolled per cluster. Outcomes...
Intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) is a well established malaria control intervention. Evidence that delivering IPT to schoolchildren could provide community-level benefits limited. We did cluster-randomised controlled trial assess the effect of primary with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) on indicators transmission in community, Jinja, Uganda.We included 84 clusters, each comprising one school and 100 closest available households. The clusters were randomly assigned 1:1 receive DP...
Abstract Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the principal tool for malaria control in Africa and presently treated with a single class of insecticide; however, increasing levels insecticide resistance threaten their success. In response to this threat have been developed that incorporate synergist, piperonyl butoxide (PBO), which inhibits activity cytochrome P450s is one main mechanisms resistance, allowing pyrethroids be reversed. However, data on value cost effectiveness...
In Uganda, artemether-lumefantrine (AL) is first-line therapy and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) second-line for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. This study evaluated efficacy safety AL DP in management falciparum malaria measured prevalence molecular markers resistance three sentinel sites Uganda from 2018 to 2019.This was a randomized, open-label, phase IV clinical trial. Children aged 6 months 10 years with were randomly assigned or followed 28 42 days, respectively....
<title>Abstract</title> Background: Histidine Rich Protein 2 (HRP2)/pan-Lactate Dehydrogenase (pLDH) combination Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) may address the shortcomings of RDTs that detect HRP2 alone. However, relative contribution possible causes discordant results (RDT-negative and microscopy-positive) performance in field settings are poorly quantified. Methods: This study utilized samples from two cross-sectional surveys conducted 32 districts at 64 sites across Uganda between...
Introduction Malaria remains a significant public health challenge globally, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where progress has stalled recent years. Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are critical preventive tool against malaria. This study investigated the effectiveness of newer-generation LLINs following universal coverage campaign Uganda. Methods Health facility data collected 36 months prior to LLIN distribution and 24 after were used from 64 sites that took part...
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are a key malaria control intervention, but their effectiveness is threatened by resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. Some new LLINs combine pyrethroids with piperonyl butoxide (PBO), synergist that can overcome P450-based metabolic in mosquitoes. In 2017–2018, the Ugandan Ministry of Health distributed and without PBO through national mass-distribution campaign, providing unique opportunity rigorously evaluate across different epidemiological...
Recent reductions in malaria burden have been attributed largely to long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). In March-June 2017, approximately 3 years after a national LLIN distribution campaign, cross-sectional community survey was conducted investigate factors associated with parasitaemia and anaemia, advance of Uganda's 2017-2018 campaign.Households from 104 clusters 48 districts were randomly selected using two-staged cluster sampling; 50 households enrolled per cluster. Eligible children...
Background Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2)-based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are exclusively recommended for malaria diagnosis in Uganda; however, their functionality can be affected by parasite-related factors that have not been investigated field settings. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, we analysed 219 RDT-/microscopy+ and 140 RDT+/microscopy+ dried blood spots obtained from symptomatic children aged 2–10 years 48 districts Uganda between 2017 2019. We...
Histidine-rich protein-2 (HRP2)-based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are the only RDTs recommended for malaria diagnosis in Uganda. However, emergence of Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein 2 and 3 (pfhrp2 pfhrp3) gene deletions threatens their usefulness as surveillance tools. The pfhrp2 pfhrp3 was conducted P. parasite populations Uganda.Three-hundred (n = 300) isolates collected from cross-sectional surveys symptomatic individuals 48 districts eastern western Uganda were analysed...
In 2020-2021, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) were distributed nationwide in Uganda during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional survey was conducted 12 districts to evaluate impact of campaign 1-5 months after LLIN distribution.During April-May 2021, households randomly selected from target areas (1-7 villages) surrounding government-run health facilities established as Malaria Reference Centres; at least 50 enrolled per cluster. Outcomes included household ownership LLINs through...
Abstract Background The distribution of the enzymopathy glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is linked to areas high malaria endemicity due its association with protection from disease. G6PD also identified as cause severe haemolysis following administration anti-malarial drug primaquine and further use this will likely require identification on a population level. Current conventional methods for screening have various disadvantages field use. Methods WST8/1-methoxy PMS...
Abstract Background Disruptions in malaria control due to COVID-19 mitigation measures were predicted increase morbidity and mortality Africa substantially. In Uganda, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are distributed nationwide every 3–4 years, but the 2020–2021 campaign was altered because of restrictions so that timing delivery new different from original plans made by National Malaria Control Programme. Methods A transmission dynamics modelling exercise conducted explore how LLINs...
Abstract Background Intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) of malaria is recommended as policy for certain high-risk populations, but not currently schoolchildren. A cluster-randomized trial was conducted to evaluate the effect IPT with dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine (DP) on primary schoolchildren in Jinja, Uganda. Results impact community-level transmission have been reported previously. Here, secondary outcomes from a school-based survey are presented. Methods Eighty-four clusters (one...