A5060070572- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Radiation Effects and Dosimetry
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Radiation Effects in Electronics
- Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Laser Design and Applications
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
- Radiation Shielding Materials Analysis
- Anatomy and Medical Technology
- Electron Spin Resonance Studies
- Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Advances in Oncology and Radiotherapy
- Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Chemistry
- Photocathodes and Microchannel Plates
National Physical Laboratory
2015-2025
University College London
2023-2024
CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence
2023
University of Strathclyde
2011-2019
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance
2014-2017
Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
2012
MGS Research (United States)
2012
Indiana University Health
2012
University of Gdańsk
2010
Abstract High dose-rate radiotherapy, known as FLASH, has been shown to increase the differential response between healthy and tumour tissue. Moreover, Very Energy Electrons (VHEEs) provide more favourable dose distributions than conventional radiotherapy electron photon beams. Plane-parallel ionisation chambers are recommended secondary standard systems for clinical reference dosimetry of electrons, therefore chamber these high energy dose-per-pulse beams must be well understood. Graphite...
UHDpulse – Metrology for advanced radiotherapy using particle beams with ultra-high pulse dose rates is a recently started European Joint Research Project the aim to develop and improve dosimetry standards FLASH radiotherapy, very high energy electron (VHEE) laser-driven medical accelerators. This paper gives short overview about current state of developments electrons protons, as well particles related challenges in due rate during radiation pulses. We summarize objectives plans project...
Abstract A paradigm shift is occurring in clinical oncology exploiting the recent discovery that short pulses of ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) radiation—FLASH radiotherapy—can significantly spare healthy tissues whilst still being at least as effective curing cancer radiotherapy conventional rates. These properties promise reduced post-treatment complications, improving patient access to proton beam and reducing costs. However, accurate dosimetry UHDR extremely complicated. This work presents...
The increased inertia of very high-energy electrons (VHEEs) due to relativistic effects reduces scattering and enables irradiation deep-seated tumours. However, entrance exit doses are high for collimated or diverging beams. Here, we perform a study based on Monte Carlo simulations focused VHEE beams in water phantom, showing that dose can be concentrated into small, well-defined volumetric element, which shaped scanned treat surrounding tissue is distributed over larger volume, peak surface...
Very high energy electrons (VHEE) in the range from 100 to 250 MeV have potential of becoming an alternative modality radiotherapy because their improved dosimetry properties compared with MV photons contemporary medical linear accelerators.Due need for accurate small field size VHEE beams we performed dose measurements using EBT2 Gafchromic® film.Calibration film has been carried out two different ranges: 20 and 165 conventional radio frequency accelerators.In addition, used 135 electron...
To provide ultrahigh dose rate (UHDR) pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton dosimetry comparison of clinically used plane-parallel ion chambers, PTW (Physikalisch-Technische Werkstaetten) Advanced Markus and IBA (Ion Beam Application) PPC05, with a graphite calorimeter in support first in-human FLASH clinical trial.
The FLASH effect is a radiobiological phenomenon that has garnered considerable interest in the clinical field. Pre-clinical experimental studies have highlighted its potential to reduce side effects on healthy tissues while maintaining isoeffectiveness tumor tissues, thus widening therapeutic window and enhancing effectiveness of radiotherapy. achieved through administration complete radiation dose within brief time frame, shorter than 200 milliseconds, and, therefore, utilizing remarkably...
Abstract Raman amplification arising from the excitation of a density echelon in plasma could lead to amplifiers that significantly exceed current power limits conventional laser media. Here we show 1–100 J pump pulses can amplify picojoule seed nearly joule level. The extremely high gain also leads significant backscattered radiation “noise”, stochastic fluctuations competes with externally injected pulses, which are amplified similar levels at highest energies. energy is scattered into an...
Very high energy electrons (VHEE) in the range from 100 to 250MeV have potential of becoming an alternative modality radiotherapy because their improved dosimetric properties compared with 6-20MV photons generated by clinical linear accelerators (LINACs). VHEE beams characteristics unlike any other currently used for radiotherapy: femtosecond picosecond duration electron bunches, which leads very dose per pulse, and energies that exceed applications. Dosimetry conventional online detectors,...
Significant improvements in radiotherapy are likely to come from biological rather than technical optimization, for example increasing tumour radiosensitivity via combination with targeted therapies. Such paradigms must first be evaluated preclinical models efficacy, and recent advances small animal research platforms allow advanced irradiation protocols, similar those used clinically, carried out orthotopic models. Dose assessment such systems is complex however, a lack of established tools...
We have performed dosimetry studies using electron beams with energies up to 50 MeV, which exceed current clinical energy ranges and approaches the bottom end of very high (VHEE) range. MeV can reach deep-seated tumours. In contrast photon beams, be generated ultra-high dose rates by linear accelerators, could enable FLASH radiotherapy The response radiochromic film alanine is compared measurements an ionisation chamber. Energy dependence not observed within measurement uncertainty in...
To fully exploit the prospects presented by increasing focus on biological approaches for enhancing radiotherapy outcomes, improvements in repeatability and translatability of radiobiological preclinical studies are required. This requires development adoption appropriate dosimetric standards reproducible to increase confidence studies, enabling inter-laboratory validation facilitating clinical translation. An IPEM Working-Party reviewed current status challenges associated with dosimetry...
Objective. The radiation response of alanine is very well characterized in the MV photon energy range where it can be used to determine dose delivered with an accuracy better than 1%, making suitable as a secondary standard detector cancer therapy. This not case low keV x-ray affected by large uncertainties and strongly dependent on beam energy. motivated study undertaken here.Approach. Alanine pellets nominal thickness 0.5 mm diameter 5 were irradiated monoenergetic x-rays at Diamond Light...
The lack of rigorous quality standards in pre-clinical radiation dosimetry has renewed interest the development anthropomorphic phantoms. Using 3D printing customisable phantoms can be created to assess all parts research: planning, image guidance and treatment delivery. We present full methodology, including material designs, for production a high spatial resolution, anatomically realistic heterogeneous small animal phantom. A methodology creating validating tissue equivalent materials is...
Dosimetry of ultra-high dose rate beams is one the critical components which required for safe implementation FLASH radiotherapy (RT) into clinical practice. In past years several national and international programmes have emerged with aim to address some needs that are translation this modality clinics. These involve establishment dosimetry standards as well validation protocols procedures. This review provides an overview recent developments in field RT, particular focus on primary...
Electron beams from laser-plasma wakefield accelerators have low transverse emittance, comparable to those conventional radio frequency accelerators, which highlights their potential for applications, many of will require the use quadrupole magnets optimal electron beam transport.We report on characterizing bunches where double are observed under certain conditions.In particular, we present pepper-pot measurements emittance 120-200 MeV laser after propagation through a triplet permanent...
Abstract Recent results from pre-clinical studies investigating the so-called FLASH effect suggest that ultrahigh pulse dose rates (UHPDR) of this modality reduces normal tissue damage whilst preserving tumour response, when compared with conventional radiotherapy (RT). FLASH-RT is characterized by average dozens Gy/s instead only a few Gy/min. For some studies, exceeding hundreds have been used for response. Moreover, depending on source radiation, pulsed beams can be low repetition rate...
: Spatial fractionation of proton fields as sub-millimeter beamlets to treat cancer has shown better sparing healthy tissue whilst maintaining the same tumor control. It is critical ensure primary standard dosimetry accurate and ready support modality's clinical implementation.
Despite well-established dosimetry in clinical radiotherapy, dose measurements pre-clinical and radiobiology studies are frequently inadequate, thus undermining the reliability reproducibility of published findings. The lack suitable protocols, coupled with increasing complexity irradiation platforms, undermines confidence preclinical represents a serious obstacle translation to practice. To accurately measure output radiotherapy unit, appropriate Codes Practice (CoP) for medium energy...