A5076908010- Material Dynamics and Properties
- Thermodynamic properties of mixtures
- Glass properties and applications
- Liquid Crystal Research Advancements
- Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
- Photochemistry and Electron Transfer Studies
- Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics
- Polymer crystallization and properties
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties
- Mechanical and Optical Resonators
- Coenzyme Q10 studies and effects
- Rheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies
- Theoretical and Computational Physics
- Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Chemical Thermodynamics and Molecular Structure
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Conducting polymers and applications
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
University of Pisa
2016-2025
Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes
2015-2025
National Research Council
2011-2025
University of Florence
2010-2021
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
2001-2021
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
2021
Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
2007-2019
Institute of Physics
2005-2018
University of Silesia in Katowice
2014-2018
Yanshan University
2017
A rat fibroblastic cell line (rat-1/myc-ER™) was treated with different concentration of Antimycin A, a metabolic poison that affects mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III. The modes death were analyzed by time-lapse videomicroscopy, in situ end-labeling (ISEL) technique, and ultrastructural analysis. Intracellular ATP levels also measured order to detect whether the energetic stores determinant for type death. It found while apoptosis prevalent fibroblasts low doses, 100 or 200 μM new...
The permeability transition pore (PTP) is a mitochondrial channel whose opening causes the membrane potential (ΔΨ) collapse that leads to apoptosis. Some ubiquinone analogues have been demonstrated previously modulate PTP open-closed in isolated mitochondria and thought act through common PTP-binding site rather than oxidation-reduction reactions. We recently both <i>in vitro</i> vivo</i> ubiquitous free radical scavenger respiratory chain coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> (CoQ<sub>10</sub>) prevents...
For glass-forming substances, we show that the ratio ${E}_{\ensuremath{\beta}}{/RT}_{g}$ can be predicted quantitatively from coupling model. Here ${E}_{\ensuremath{\beta}}$ is glassy state activation enthalpy of Johari-Goldstein \ensuremath{\beta} relaxation, ${T}_{g}$ glass transition temperature \ensuremath{\alpha} and R gas constant. The calculated value in good agreement with experimental many formers. results locate origin this cross correlation between relaxation although there are...
Upon decreasing temperature or increasing pressure, a noncrystallizing liquid will vitrify; that is, the structural relaxation time, τα, becomes so long system cannot attain an equilibrium configuration in available time. Theories, including well-known free volume and configurational entropy models, explain glass transition by invoking single quantity governs The dispersion of (i.e., function) is either not addressed derived as parallel consequence (or afterthought) thus independent τα. In...
Most glass-forming systems are composed of basic units interacting with each other a nontrivial anharmonic potential. Naturally, relaxation and diffusion in glass formers is many-body problem. Results from recent experimental studies presented to show the effects manifested on dynamic properties formers. Considering that general critical, problem transition will not be solved until nature process has been incorporated fundamentally into any theory.
Abstract Purpose: Cannabinoids have been recently proposed as a new family of potential antitumor agents. The present study was undertaken to investigate the expression two cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, in colorectal cancer provide insight into molecular pathways underlying apoptotic activity induced by their activation. Experimental Design: Cannabinoid receptor investigated both human specimens DLD-1 HT29 colon cell lines. effects agonist arachinodyl-2'-chloroethylamide CB2...
To evaluate if coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) can protect retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from apoptosis and, when instilled as eye drops on the cornea, it reach retina and exert its antiapoptotic activity in this area a mouse model of kainate (KA)-induced damage.Rat primary or cultured RGCs were subjected to glutamate (50 μM) chemical hypoxia (Antimycin A, 200 serum withdrawal (FBS, 0.5%) presence absence CoQ10 (10 μM). Cell viability was evaluated by light microscopy fluorescence-activated cell...
There is a plethora of experimental data on the dynamics water in mixtures with glycerol, ethylene glycol, glycol oligomers, poly(ethylene glycol) 400 and 600, propanol, poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), methylether), other substances. In spite differences contents, chemical compositions, glass transition temperatures Tg these aqueous mixtures, faster relaxation originating from (called nu-process) omnipresent, sharing following common properties. The time tau(nu) has Arrhenius temperature dependence...
When a liquid is cooled below its melting temperature, if crystallization avoided, it forms glass. This phenomenon, called glass transition, characterized by marked increase of viscosity, about 14 orders magnitude, in narrow temperature interval. The microscopic mechanism behind the transition still poorly understood. However, recently, great advances have been made identification cooperative rearranging regions, or dynamical heterogeneities, i.e., domains whose relaxation highly correlated....
Abstract Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) are key enzymes involved in arachidonic acid metabolism. Their products, prostaglandins leukotrienes, colorectal tumor development. We aimed at evaluating whether combined blocking of the COX-2 5-LOX pathways might have additive antitumor effects cancer. The expression/activity were assessed 24 human cancer specimens. inhibitor celecoxib MK886 on prostaglandin E2 cysteinyl leukotriene production, cell proliferation, apoptosis,...
Measurements by adiabatic calorimetry of heat capacities and enthalpy relaxation rates a 20% (w/w) aqueous solution bovine serum albumin (BSA) Kawai, Suzuki, Oguni [Biophys. J. 2006, 90, 3732] have found several relaxations at long times indicating different processes undergoing glass transitions. In quenched sample, one around 110 K another over wide temperature range (120−190 K) were observed. sample annealed 200−240 after quenching, three separated 110, 135, above 180 Dynamics probed...
We report evidence from broadband dielectric spectroscopy that the dynamics of primary alpha- and secondary Johari-Goldstein (JG) beta-processes are strongly correlated in different glass-forming systems over a wide temperature T pressure P range, contrast with widespread opinion statistical independence these processes. The alpha-beta mutual dependence is quantitatively confirmed by (a) overall superposition spectra measured at T-P combinations but an invariant alpha-relaxation time; (b)...
We consider experimental data on the dynamics of water (1) in glass-forming aqueous mixtures with glass transition temperature Tg approaching putative Tg=136 K from above and below, (2) confined spaces nanometer size (3) bulk at temperatures homogeneous nucleation temperature. Altogether, considered relaxation times range nearly over 15 decades 10-12 to 103 s. Assisted by various features isothermal spectra theoretical interpretation, these considerations enable us conclude that...
By now it is well established that the structural α-relaxation time, τα, of non-associated small molecular and polymeric glass-formers obey thermodynamic scaling. In other words, τα a function Φ product variable, ργ/T, where ρ density T temperature. The constant γ as function, = Φ(ργ/T), material dependent. Actually this dependence on ργ/T originates from same variable Johari-Goldstein β-relaxation τβ, or primitive relaxation τ0, coupling model. To support assertion, we give evidences...
Ultra-High dose-per-pulse regimens (UHDP), necessary to trigger the "FLASH" effect, still pose serious challenges dosimetry. Dosimetry plays a crucial role, both significantly improve accuracy of radiobiological experiments fully understand mechanisms underlying effect and its dependencies on beam parameters, be able translate such into clinical practice. The standard ionization chamber in UHDP region is affected by effects electric field generated enormous density charges produced dose...
Bone defects are a significant health problem worldwide. Novel treatment approaches in the tissue engineering field rely on use of biomaterial scaffolds to stimulate and guide regeneration damaged that cannot repair or regrow spontaneously. This work aimed at developing characterizing new piezoelectric provide electric bio-signals naturally present bone vascular tissues. Mixing extrusion were used obtain nanocomposites made polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) as matrix barium titanate (BaTiO3)...
The d.c. conductivity and the electric a.c. response from 100 Hz up to 40 MHz of poly(3n-decylpyrrole) were measured in 80-330 K interval characterize charge transport behaviour system. well fitted variable range hopping model, loss factor, after having deducted contribution, showed a relaxation peak when versus frequency started rise. strength this increased with temperature became too large be related dipolar relaxation; moreover, dependence coincided. observed was attributed transport, as...
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy, heat capacity spectroscopy (3ω method), and viscosimetry have been used to study the dynamic glass transition of two glass-forming epoxy resins, poly [(phenyl glycidyl ether)-co-formaldehyde] diglycidyl ether bisphenol-A. In spite their rather simple molecular structure, dynamics these systems is characterized by well-separated crossover regions where relaxation times main secondary relaxations β γ approach each other. The has three parts: a process at high...