A5039963706- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Inflammation biomarkers and pathways
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Immune cells in cancer
- Infections and bacterial resistance
University of Miami
2013-2024
October 6 University
2018
University of California, Irvine
2010
Perforin-2 (MPEG1) is a pore-forming, antibacterial protein with broad-spectrum activity. expressed constitutively in phagocytes and inducibly parenchymal, tissue-forming cells. In vitro, prevents the intracellular replication proliferation of bacterial pathogens these knockout mice are unable to control systemic dissemination methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or Salmonella typhimurium perish shortly after epicutaneous orogastric infection respectively. contrast,...
Defensins are antimicrobial peptides expressed by plants and animals. In mammals there three subfamilies of defensins, distinguished structural features: α, β θ. Alpha β-defensins linear with broad anti-microbial activity that many including humans. contrast, θ-defensins cyclic made several non-human primates but not All defensin types have anti-HIV-1 activity, their mechanisms action differ. We studied the one from each group, HNP-1 (α), HBD-2 (β) RTD-1 (θ). examined how affected HIV-1...
Fibroblasts are known to eliminate intracellular bacteria, but the lethal hit of bactericidal mechanism has not been defined. We show that primary embryonic and established fibroblasts can be induced by interferons or bacterial infection express a perforin-like mRNA previously described as macrophage-expressed gene 1 (Mpeg1). The presence level correlate with ability mouse (MEF) bacteria. In addition, siRNA knockdown molecule abolishes activity allows replication. Complementation MEF in...
Objective: To determine influence of age and HIV infection on influenza vaccine responses. Design: Evaluate serologic response to seasonal trivalent (TIV) as the immunologic outcome in HIV-infected (HIV+) age-matched negative (HIV−) adults. Methods: During 2013–2016, 151 virologically controlled HIV+ individuals antiretroviral therapy 164 HIV− volunteers grouped by young (<40 years), middle aged (40–59 years) old (≥60 were administered TIV investigated for serum antibody antigens. Results:...
Chlamydia trachomatis is a Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium that preferentially infects epithelial cells. Professional phagocytes provide C. only limited ability to survive and are proficient killers of chlamydiae. We present evidence herein identifies novel host defense protein, perforin-2, plays significant role in the eradication during infection macrophages. Knockdown perforin-2 macrophages did not alter invasion cells but result chlamydial growth closely mirrored detected...
Combination antiretroviral therapies (cART) can lead to normal life expectancy in HIV-infected persons, and people aged >50 yrs represent the fastest growing HIV group.Although aging are independently associated with impaired humoral immunity, immune status is relatively unexplored.In this study influenza vaccination was used probe age perturbations B cell compartment of HIV-negative "healthy controls" (HC) virologically controlled participants on cART (HIV) (n=124), grouped by as young (<40...
Biological aging is associated with immune activation (IA) and declining immunity due to systemic inflammation. It widely accepted that HIV infection causes persistent IA premature senescence despite effective antiretroviral therapy virologic suppression; however, the effects of combined are not well defined. Here, we assessed relationship between markers inflammation during biological in HIV-infected -uninfected populations. Antibody response seasonal influenza vaccination was implemented...
Antigen-primed cluster of differentiation (CD) 4+ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells interact with B in the germinal centers (GCs) lymph nodes to generate vaccine-induced antibody (Ab) responses. In circulation, peripheral Tfh (pTfh) cells, a subset memory CD4 serve as surrogates for GC because several functional and phenotypic similarities between them. We investigated features H1N1 influenza antigen-specific pTfh (Ag.pTfh) virologically controlled HIV+ volunteers on antiretroviral therapy...
Abstract HIV-infected patients of all ages frequently underperform in response to seasonal influenza vaccination, despite virologic control HIV. The molecular mechanisms governing this impairment, as well predictive biomarkers for responsiveness, remain unknown. This study was performed samples obtained prevaccination (T0) from children who received the 2012–2013 vaccine. Response status determined based on established criterion hemagglutination inhibition titer; participants with a titer...
Abstract Early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in vertically HIV-infected children limits the size virus reservoir, but whether time treatment (TI) can durably impact host immune responses associated with HIV infection is still unknown. This study was conducted PBMC 20 virally suppressed on ART (mean age 9.4 y), classified as early treated (ET; at ≤0.5 y, n = 14) or late (LT; 1–10 6). Frequencies and functions Ag-specific CD4 (CD40L+) CD8 (CD69+) T cells were evaluated by...
HIV eradication is hindered by the existence of latent reservoirs in CD4 + T cells. Therapeutic strategies targeting cells are required to achieve a functional cure, however study latently infected from persons extremely challenging due lack biomarkers that uniquely characterize them. In this study, dual reporter virus GKO was used investigate latency establishment and maintenance lymphoid-derived Single cell technologies evaluate protein expression, host gene transcript expression were...
Abstract Memory B cells (MBC) respond to secondary antigen challenge protect against infection and boost immunity following vaccinations. Despite effective treatment, chronic HIV disturbs MBCs by reducing numbers altering functionality due hyper-activation increased apoptosis leading suboptimal antibody responses common infectious agents. We used single cell gene expression analysis evaluate antigen-specific memory in peripheral blood of virally-suppressed HIV-infected individuals healthy...
Objective: Antibody responses are often impaired in old age and HIV-positive (HIV+) infection despite virologic control with antiretroviral therapy but innate immunologic determinants not well understood. Design: Monocytes natural killer cells were examined for relationships to age, HIV influenza vaccine responses. Methods: Virologically suppressed HIV+ (n = 139) HIV-negative (HIV−) 137) participants classified by as young (18–39 years), middle-aged (40–59 years) (≥60 evaluated preinfluenza...
Introduction Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a common coinfection in people living with HIV (PWH). How LTBI and exposure utero influence the development of infant humoral immunity not well characterized. To address this question, we assessed relationship between maternal responses pregnant women or HIV/LTBI on infants to BCG vaccination TB acquisition. Methods Plasma samples were obtained from mother pairs during pregnancy (14-34 wks gestation) at 12 44 age IMPAACT P1078 clinical...
Immune checkpoint molecules (ICMs) regulate T cell responses. In chronic viral infections and cancer, where antigens can persistently stimulate the immune system, ICMs serve as a barrier to effective The role of in setting systemic low-grade inflammation aging antiretroviral therapy (ART)-suppressed HIV infection is not known. this study, we made use stored samples from FLORAH cohort HIV-infected ART-suppressed adults (age range 19–77 years.) age-matched HIV-uninfected controls. We measured...
BackgroundThe persistence of HIV-1-infected cells during antiretroviral therapy is well documented but may be modulated by early initiation in infants.MethodsHere, we longitudinally analyzed the proviral landscape nine infants with vertical HIV-1 infection from Mozambique over a median period 24 months, using single-genome, near full-length, next-generation sequencing.ResultsWe observed rapid decline frequency intact proviruses, leading to disproportional under-representation sequences...
Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) improves life expectancy in people living with HIV (PWH), but it remains unclear how chronic infection affects normal aging of the immune system. Plasma cell-free protein expression and phenotypes were assessed blood from ART treated PWH (19-77yrs, n = 106) age-matched, HIV-negative controls (HC, 103). Using univariate spearman correlation, we identified 277 491 age-associated parameters out a total 1,357 HC PWH, respectively. exhibited shared distinct profiles...
Gene expression analysis in preimplantation embryos has been used for answering fundamental questions related to development, prediction of pregnancy outcome, and other topics. Limited amounts mRNA hinders progress studying the embryo. Here, a method was developed involving direct synthesis specific-target preamplification (STA) cDNA gene single blastocysts. Effective cell lysis genomic DNA removal steps were incorporated into method. In addition, conditions real-time PCR generated from...
People living with HIV (PWH) often exhibit poor responses to influenza vaccination despite effective combination anti-retroviral (ART) mediated viral suppression. There exists a paucity of data in identifying immune correlates vaccine response context infection that would be useful improving its efficacy PWH, especially younger individuals. Transcriptomic were obtained by microarray from whole blood isolated aviremic pediatric and adolescent HIV-infected individuals (4-25 yrs) given two...
In perinatal HIV infection, early antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is recommended but questions remain regarding infant immune responses to and its impact on development. Using single cell transcriptional phenotypic analysis we evaluated the T compartment at pre-ART of infants with perinatally acquired from Maputo, Mozambique (Towards AIDS Remission Approaches cohort). CD8
With the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), perinatal HIV infection is declining globally but prevalence in Sub-Saharan Africa still greater than other nations. The relationship replication early infancy and developing immune system not well understood. In this study, we investigated cellular components innate including Natural Killer (NK) cells, monocytes, Dendritic Cells (DC) a cohort exposed infected (HEI) age-matched uninfected (HEU) infants from Mozambique. Study entry was at first...