A5078210431- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Education, Psychology, and Social Research
- Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
- Forest ecology and management
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Garlic and Onion Studies
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Banana Cultivation and Research
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany
2015-2025
Forestry and Game Management Research Institute
2008-2023
National Urea Cycle Disorders Foundation
2021
Charles University
2020
Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics
2017
Palacký University Olomouc
2001-2015
Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnical and Agricultural Research
2012
Czech Academy of Sciences
2006
University Hospital Olomouc
2001
Insights from the annotated wheat genome Wheat is one of major sources food for much world. However, because bread wheat's a large hybrid mix three separate subgenomes, it has been difficult to produce high-quality reference sequence. Using recent advances in sequencing, International Genome Sequencing Consortium presents an with detailed analysis gene content among subgenomes and structural organization all chromosomes. Examples quantitative trait mapping CRISPR-based modification show...
The coordinated expression of highly related homoeologous genes in polyploid species underlies the phenotypes many world's major crops. Here we combine extensive gene datasets to produce a comprehensive, genome-wide analysis homoeolog patterns hexaploid bread wheat. Bias varies between tissues, with ~30% wheat homoeologs showing nonbalanced expression. We found asymmetries along chromosomes, largest inter-tissue, inter-cultivar, and coding sequence variation, most often located...
Recent advances in high-throughput genotyping have made it easier to combine information from different mapping populations into consensus genetic maps, which provide increased marker density and genome coverage compared individual maps. Previously, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based platform was developed used genotype 373 individuals four barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) populations. This led 2943 SNP map with 975 unique positions. In this work, we add data six additional more one of...
The large bread wheat genome (1C ∼ 17 Gbp) contains a preponderance of repetitive DNA and the species is polyploid. These characteristics together serve to hamper molecular analysis genome. Its complexity can, however, be reduced by using flow cytometry isolate individual chromosomes, these can exploited construct chromosome-specific BAC libraries. Such libraries simplify task physical map construction, positional cloning targeted development genetic markers. Rapid improvements in efficiency...
Meiotic recombination is a critical process for plant breeding, as it creates novel allele combinations that can be exploited crop improvement. In wheat, complex allohexaploid has diploid-like behaviour, meiotic between homoeologous or alien chromosomes suppressed through the action of several loci. Here, we report positional cloning Pairing 2 (Ph2) and functional validation wheat DNA mismatch repair protein MSH7-3D key inhibitor recombination, thus solving half-century-old question. Similar...
Abstract Goatgrasses with U‐ and M‐genomes are important sources of new alleles for wheat breeding to maintain yield quality under extreme conditions. However, the introgression beneficial traits from wild Aegilops species into has been limited by poor knowledge their genomes scarcity molecular tools. Here, we present first linkage map allotetraploid biuncialis Vis., developed using 224 F 2 individuals derived a cross between MvGB382 MvGB642 accessions. The comprises 5663 DArTseq markers...
Summary The analysis of the complex genome common wheat ( Triticum aestivum , 2 n = 6 x 42, formula AABBDD) is hampered by its large size (∼17 000 Mbp) and allohexaploid nature. In order to simplify analysis, we developed a generic strategy for dissecting such genomes into individual chromosomes. Chromosome 3B was successfully sorted flow cytometry cloned bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC), using only 1.8 million chromosomes an adapted protocol this purpose. BAC library (designated as...
Abstract Background Flow cytometry facilitates sorting of single chromosomes and chromosome arms which can be used for targeted genome analysis. However, the recovery microgram amounts DNA needed some assays requires millions is laborious time consuming. Yet, many genomic applications such as development genetic maps or physical mapping do not require large fragments. In cases time-consuming de novo minimized by utilizing whole-genome amplification. Results Here we report a protocol...
Rye (Secale cereale L.) belongs to tribe Triticeae and is an important temperate cereal. It one of the parents man-made species Triticale has been used as a source agronomically genes for wheat improvement. The short arm rye chromosome 1 (1RS), in particular rich useful genes, it may increase yield, protein content resistance biotic abiotic stress, introgressed into 1BL.1RS translocation. A better knowledge genome could facilitate improvement efficiency utilizing breeding. Here, we report on...
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) represent natural DNA sequence variation. They can be used for various applications including the construction of high-density genetic maps, analysis variability, genome-wide association studies, and map-based cloning. Here we report on transcriptome sequencing in two forage grasses, meadow fescue ( Huds.) Italian ryegrass Lam.), identification classes SNPs. Using Orthology Guided Assembly (OGA) strategy, assembled annotated a total 18,952 19,036...
Significance B chromosomes are nonvital found in thousands of plants and animals that persist through various drive mechanisms. The mechanism the maize chromosome consists mitotic nondisjunction at second pollen division to produce two unequal sperm then with preferentially fertilizes egg double fertilization. A high-quality sequence together genetic analysis reveals cis factor for is a chromosome-specific repeat interspersed around centromere. gene transposable element content relaxed...
Some species of the genus Aegilops , a wild relative wheat, carry chromosomes that after introducing to wheat exhibit preferential transmission progeny. Their selective retention is result abortion gametes lacking them due induced chromosomal aberrations. These are termed Gametocidal ( Gc ) and, based on their effects, they categorized into three types: mild, intense or severe, and very strong. elements within same homoeologous chromosome groups (II, III, IV) demonstrate similar action. This...
Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are responsible for oxidation of biogenic aldehyde intermediates as well cell detoxification aldehydes generated during lipid peroxidation. So far, 13 ALDH families have been described in plants. In the present study, we provide a detailed biochemical characterization plant ALDH2 and ALDH7 by analysing maize pea (ZmALDH7 PsALDH7) four cytosolic ALDH(cALDH)2 isoforms RF2C, RF2D, RF2E RF2F [the first was discovered fertility restorer (RF2A)]. We report crystal...
Unraveling and exploiting mechanisms of disease resistance in cereal crops is currently limited by their large repeat-rich genomes the lack genetic recombination or cultivar (cv)-specific sequence information. We cloned first leaf rust gene Rph1 (Rph1.a) from cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare) using "MutChromSeq," a recently developed molecular genomics tool for rapid cloning genes plants. Marker-trait association CI 9214/Stirling doubled haploid population mapped to short arm chromosome 2H...
Summary Photosynthesis in plants and algae relies on the coordinated function of photosystems ( PS ) I II . Their efficiency is augmented by finely‐tuned light‐harvesting proteins (Lhcs) connected to them. The most recent Lhcs (in evolutionary terms), Lhcb6 Lhcb3, evolved during transition from water land have so far been considered be an essential characteristic plants. We used single particle electron microscopy sequence analysis study architecture composition PSII supercomplex Norway...
Breeding of agricultural crops adapted to climate change and resistant diseases pests is hindered by a limited gene pool because domestication thousands years human selection. One way increase genetic variation chromosome-mediated transfer from wild relatives cross hybridization. In the case wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), species genus Aegilops are particularly attractive source new genes alleles. However, during evolution genera, diversification D-genome lineage resulted in formation diploid...
Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia hordei, is one of the most widespread and damaging foliar diseases affecting barley. The barley leaf rust resistance locus Rph7 has been shown to have unusually high sequence haplotype divergence. In this study, we isolate gene using a fine mapping RNA-Seq approach that confirmed mutational analysis transgenic complementation. pathogen-induced, non-canonical encoding protein distinct from other known plant disease proteins in Triticeae. Structural an AlphaFold2...
Restoring cytonuclear stoichiometry is necessary after whole-genome duplication (WGD) and interspecific/intergeneric hybridization in plants. We investigated this phenomenon auto- allopolyploids of the Festuca-Lolium complex providing insights into mechanisms governing interactions early polyploid hybrid generations. Our study examined main processes potentially involved restoring balance WGD comparing diploids new well-established autopolyploids. uncovered that both number chloroplasts...
Summary A novel high‐resolution fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) strategy, using super‐stretched flow‐sorted plant chromosomes as targets, is described. The technique that allows longitudinal extension of more than 100 times their original metaphase size especially attractive for species with large chromosomes, whose pachytene are generally too long and heterochromatin patterns complex FISH analysis. protocol involves flow cytometric sorting mild proteinase‐K digestion air‐dried on...