Glioblastoma cell lines derived from different patients are widely used in tumor biology research and drug screening. A key feature of glioblastoma is the high level inter- intratumor heterogeneity that accounts for treatment resistance. Our aim was to investigate whether maintained models. Single-cell RNA sequencing cellular composition a sample six patient-derived lines. Three preserved mutational profile original tumor, whereas three others differed their precursors. Copy-number variation...

Introduction . Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane protein of the tyrosine kinase family that activated in various cancers (non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal head and neck tumors). In glial brain tumors, increased EGFR expression levels are characteristic most aggressive subtype, glioblastoma. Frequent structural changes glioblastoma amplification chromosome region where gene located, point mutations, as well deletion exons 2–7 leading to formation EGFRvIII...

The paper analyzes application of orbitozygomatic approaches at the Department Skull Base and Craniofacial Surgery Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute for a 14-year period. During this time, 723 patients were operated on using approach, which has become workhorse surgery skull base tumors spreading into orbit, paranasal sinuses, pterygopalatine infratemporal fossae. authors describe seven major modifications approach that they have used in their practice.Статья, написанная в форме лекции,...

Introduction. Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive malignant brain tumors. In a number observations, these tumors are not sensitive to drug therapy, often prone recurrence, and prognosis for patients remains unfavorable. Therefore, promising directions search biomarkers timely diagnosis monitoring disease. Aim. To analyze content soluble form GFAP protein in blood serum with glioblastoma determine its prognostic sig-nificance. Material methods. We examined 178 (99 men 79 women) aged...

Leptomeningeal metastases are lesions of brain and/or spinal cord sheaths by tumor cells. They occur in 5% patients with solid tumors, although autopsies reveal these much more often (10-20% cases). Leptomengeal an unfavorable prognostic factor. Despite the modern NCCN treatment standards, including intrathecal therapy (ITT), such receive only irradiation entire most cases.

Introduction . The standard of treatment for patients with single cerebral metastases is surgery and radiosurgery. use these methods significantly increases survival rates. Aim To compare the results surgical multiple metastases. Materials study included 40 who underwent neurosurgical intervention in neuro-oncology department N.N. Blokhin National Medical Oncology Research Center from 2010 to 2022. Results All are divided into 3 groups. Group A 15 removed all available foci (from 2 4). B 10...

This study evaluates the oncolytic potential of Moscow strain reovirus against human metastatic melanoma and glioblastoma cells. The effectively infects replicates within cell lines primary cells, while sparing non-malignant Infection leads to selective destruction neoplastic mediated by functional viral replication. A positive correlation was identified between RNA accumulation tumor death, with no replication observed in highlights critical roles cathepsins B, L, S as mediators process....

Lung cancer is mostly common occurring oncological disease in the developed countries. Currently lung cancers are subdivided into nonsmall-cell (adenocarcinoma, large-cell, squamous cell) and small-cell. The difference clinical morphological picture leads to necessity of choosing therapeutic approaches patients various groups. should be referred encephalotropic diseases since metastatic lesion central nervous system sufficiently complication. Successes complex treatment primary tumor result...

Введение. Традиционно вариантами лечения солитарных метастазов в головной мозг (МГМ) рака почки является хирургическая резекция с последующим облучением всего головного мозга (ОВГМ). В случае множественных ОВГМ остается наиболее частым вариантом пациентов этой группы. Однако эффективность применения недостаточной вследствие радиорезистентности почки. С внедрением практику радиохирургии стандарты изменились, поскольку радиохирургия позволяет преодолеть ограничения при лечении...

Introduction . Glioblastoma (GB) is not yet curable despite recent advances in the treatment of other malignant solid tumors. The management GB based solely on histopathological features, imaging tumor and its genomic analysis (somatic mutations isocitrate dehydrogenase genes, methylation status O 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene promoter). To adapt to most evolution, molecular information should be received regularly throughout course therapy. However, tissue often available for...

Brain metastases of breast cancer are severe complication oncological process. Despite the spreading process, many patients receive treatment and live for years in contrast to with cerebral other cancers (lung cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma). At different stages metastatic disease these may be offered types treatment: chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted radiotherapy, radiosurgery, surgical treatment. However, there no standards that define indications cancer. This article...

Background . Priority objectives of surgical neurooncology (diagnosis verification, tumor cytoreduction, and preservation patient’s functional status) can be achieved both through traditional neurosurgical approaches the use keyhole surgery. Keyhole surgery allows to minimize unnecessary, extended resection skull base long-term static brain tissue retraction. Objective The authors present preliminary results supraorbital craniotomy in intra- extra-axial tumors. Materials methods. In...

Relevanc e. Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in children. The incidence of RB ranges from 1:14,000 to 1:20,000 newborns. To date, survival rates patients with reach almost 100 % timely and adequate diagnosis. Among childhood oncological diseases, accounts for 2.3–4.5 85–90 among tumors According volume spread, intra- extraocular forms disease are distinguished. Extraocular spread beyond eye invasion orbital tissues, as well possible involvement adjacent areas,...

The Blokhin RCRC the effectiveness of various schemes drug therapy in breast cancer patients with brain metastases was evaluated. When using anthracyclines (CAF, AC) among 26 objective response (full and partial regression) registered 16 (62%) (previously untreated patients). Median survival 12 months. In group received monotherapy (30 patients), capecitabine administered at a dose 2000 mg/m2/day per os 1 to 14 days every 3 weeks. Partial effect 9 (30%). 15.1 combination (capecitabine +...

Cerebral metastases occur with 10 to 30 % of all oncological patients. Hemorrhages into cerebral are one the most dangerous complications metastatic process. With that, such widespread solid malignant tumors as melanoma, kidney cancer, germ cell tumors, less frequently, lung cancer and breast prone hemorrhages. The purpose work is improve results surgical treatment patients brain complicated Materials  and  methods. Surgical  treatment  of  69  patients  with  brain  metastases  hemorrhages...

The article describes a clinical case of successful chemotherapeutic and radiation treatment patient with breast cancer metastases to the brain meninges pronounced neurological deficit. underwent combined (whole TBD 30 Gy local metastasis 15 associated capecitabine therapy) continued administration until improvement. A partial reduction by 50% complete regression deficit were observed. Disease-free period was 1 year 10 months, overall survival amounted 2 years.

The effectiveness of traditional chemotherapy (with temozolomide, fotemustine, lomustine) alone or in combination with whole brain radiotherapy melanoma patients cerebral metastases does not exceed 7–10 % no significant impact on survival, which is around 2–4 months. Targeted therapy helped to improve survival disseminated and BRAF V600 mutations. use targeted drugs allows control the tumor process succeed treatment metastases. According currently available research data our own results,...

The paper analyzes treatments for glioblastoma. role of resurgery, reradiotherapy, and antitumor drug therapy in the treatment recurrent glioblastoma has been studied. Multicenter trials use temozolamide temozolomide combination with bevacizumab have reviewed. It shown that to treat patients makes it possible increase survival improve quality life.

Introduction . Standard eye enucleation (EE) may not always guarantee a sufficient length of resection the optic nerve (ON) so that tumor cells do spread along at intersection line. Surgical access and scope surgical intervention are determined by localization tumor, as well qualification operating team. Purpose — to evaluate role extended interventions in extraocular tumors on ON. Materials methods The study included 9 patients with retinoblastoma (RB) macroinvasion ON during primary...

Meningeal hemangiopericytomas are rare tumors of the meninges developing from pericytes. The main method their treatment is surgery aimed at total removal tumor. Analysis literature studies shows high potential post-operative distant radiation therapy to increase duration relapse-free survival these patients. recommended dose varies 50 60 Gy (and in some publications, it exceeds Gy). Radiation applied as classic fractionation and hypofractionation, different types radiosurgery stereotaxic...

Improvement in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients, increase frequency prevalence detection metastatic lesions brain make choice timely important. The article presents data on current prognostic scales for patients with cerebral metastases solid tumors analysis their features. features tactics strategy depending various factors are described. original version rating scale determining options is proposed. We suggest to consider oncological, neurological (neurosurgical), somatic...

The study objective is to assess the possibilities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in SWI (susceptibility weighted imaging) differential diagnosis glial brain tumors and primary lymphomas. Materials methods. Fifty-four patients with were studied (men – 27 (50 %), women %)). Average age 57.9 years. Histological examination surgical material revealed nature 41 (26 them glioblastoma, anaplastic astrocytomas 15), lymphomas 13 patients. Brain MRI was performed using tomographs a field 3 1.5...