A5068823308- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
- Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Advanced Control Systems Optimization
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
University of Padua
2016-2025
Mayo Clinic in Arizona
2025
University of Minnesota Rochester
2019-2024
Mayo Clinic in Florida
2021
Charlottesville Medical Research
2021
Mayo Clinic
2006-2016
Sichuan University
2010-2011
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
2011
Zero to Three
2011
Zunyi Medical University
2010
<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A simulation model of the glucose-insulin system in postprandial state can be useful several circumstances, including testing glucose sensors, insulin infusion algorithms and decision support systems for diabetes. Here, we present a new normal humans that describes physiological events occur after meal, by employing quantitative knowledge has become available recent years. Model parameters were...
Arguably, a minimally invasive system using subcutaneous (s.c.) continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and s.c. insulin delivery via pump would be most feasible step to closed-loop control in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Consequently, technology is focusing on developing an artificial pancreas algorithms link CGM with delivery. The future development of the will greatly accelerated by employing mathematical modeling computer simulation. Realistic simulation capable providing invaluable...
Recent studies have provided new insights into nonlinearities of insulin action in the hypoglycemic range and glucagon kinetics as it relates to response hypoglycemia. Based on these data, we developed a version UVA/PADOVA Type 1 Diabetes Simulator, which was submitted FDA 2013 (S2013). The model glucose hypoglycemia has been improved, implementing notion that insulin-dependent utilization increases nonlinearly when decreases below certain threshold. In addition, secretion models...
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and testosterone are widely promoted as antiaging supplements, but the long-term benefits, compared with potential harm, unknown.We performed a 2-year, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study involving 87 elderly men low levels of sulfated form DHEA bioavailable 57 women DHEA. Among men, 29 received DHEA, 27 testosterone, 31 placebo. women, 30 Outcome measures included physical performance, body composition, bone mineral density (BMD), glucose...
The control of diabetes is an interdisciplinary endeavor, which includes a significant biomedical engineering component, with traditions success beginning in the early 1960s. It began modeling insulin-glucose system, and progressed to large-scale silico experiments, automated closed-loop (artificial pancreas). Here, we follow these efforts through last, almost 50 years. We begin now classic minimal approach discuss number subsequent models, have recently resulted first simulation model...
Glucose tolerance decreases with age. For determining the cause of this decrease, 67 elderly and 21 young (70.1 ± 0.7 vs. 23.7 0.8 years) participants ingested a mixed meal received an intravenous injection glucose. Fasting glucose glycemic response above basal were higher in than after either ingestion (P &lt; 0.001) or 0.01). Insulin action (Si), measured test models, was highly correlated (r = 0.72; P lower ≤ 0.002) participants. However, when adjusted for differences percentage body...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is strongly associated with obesity in most, but not all, ethnic groups, suggesting important differences disease susceptibility. Although it clear that insulin resistance plays a major role the pathogenesis of T2DM and increases hepatic (HTG) and/or intramyocellular lipid content, little known about prevalence potential intracellular distribution among healthy, young, lean individuals different groups. To examine this question, 482 lean, sedentary, nonsmoking...
The development of artificial pancreas has received a new impulse from recent technological advancements in subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring and insulin pump delivery systems. However, the availability innovative sensors actuators, although essential, does not guarantee optimal glycemic regulation. Closed-loop control blood levels still poses challenges to automatic expert, most notable which are inevitable time delays between sensing actuation.A silico model is exploited for both...
Integrated closed-loop control (CLC), combining continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with insulin pump (continuous subcutaneous infusion [CSII]), known as artificial pancreas, can help optimize glycemic in diabetes. We present a fundamental modular concept for CLC design, illustrated by clinical studies involving 11 adolescents and 27 adults at the Universities of Virginia, Padova, Montpellier. tested two constructs: standard to range (sCTR), designed augment plus CGM preventing extreme...
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are NAD(+)-dependent deacetylases that regulate metabolism and life span. We used peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to determine ex vivo whether insulin resistance/metabolic syndrome influences SIRTs. also assessed the potential mechanisms linking metabolic alterations SIRTs in human monocytes (THP-1) vitro.SIRT1-SIRT7 gene protein expression was determined PBMCs of 54 subjects (41 with normal glucose tolerance 13 syndrome). Insulin sensitivity by minimal model...
Evaluation of the existence a diurnal pattern glucose tolerance after mixed meals is important to inform closed-loop system treatment for insulin requiring diabetes. We studied 20 healthy volunteers with normal fasting (4.8 ± 0.1 mmol/L) and HbA(1c) (5.2 0.0%) determine such in nondiabetic individuals. Identical were ingested during breakfast, lunch, or dinner at 0700, 1300, 1900 h randomized Latin square order on 3 consecutive days. Physical activity was same all Postprandial turnover...
Background: A new version of the UVA/Padova Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) Simulator is presented which provides a more realistic testing scenario. The upgrades to previous simulator, was accepted by Food and Drug Administration in 2013, are described. Method: Intraday variability insulin sensitivity (S I ) has been modeled, based on clinical T1D data, accounting for both intra- intersubject daily S . Thus, time-varying distributions subject’s basal infusion insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio were...
To determine the effects of age and sex on regulation postprandial glucose metabolism, turnover, insulin secretion, action, hepatic extraction were concurrently measured in 145 healthy elderly (aged 70 ± 1 years) 58 young 28 men women before after ingestion a mixed meal containing [1-13C]glucose. At time ingestion, [6-3H]glucose [6,6-2H2]glucose infused intravenously to enable concurrent measurement rates endogenous production (EGP), appearance, disappearance. Fasting concentrations higher...
Decreased skeletal muscle glucose disposal and increased endogenous production (EGP) contribute to postprandial hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, but the contribution of hepatic glycogen metabolism remains uncertain. Hepatic EGP were monitored diabetic patients nondiabetic volunteer control subjects (CON) after mixed meal ingestion during hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemic-somatostatin clamps applying 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMRS) variable infusion dual-tracer technique....
<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A reliable model of glucose absorption after oral ingestion may facilitate simulation as well pathophysiological studies. One the difficulties for development and quality assessment such models has been lack gold standard data their validation. Thus, while on plasma concentrations are available, rates appearance in ingested (Ra) were not available to develop models. Here we utilize recent...
Background: A simulation model of the glucose—insulin system in normal life conditions can be very useful diabetes research, e.g., testing insulin infusion algorithms and decision support systems assessing glucose sensor performance patient student training. new meal has been proposed that incorporates state-of-the-art quantitative knowledge on metabolism its control by at both organ/tissue whole-body levels. This article presents interactive software GIM (glucose model), which implements...
Thirty-two subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and 28 normal (NFG) ingested a labeled meal 75 g (oral tolerance test) on separate occasions. Fasting glucose, insulin, C-peptide were higher (P < 0.05) in IFG than those NFG, whereas endogenous production (EGP) did not differ, indicating hepatic insulin resistance. EGP was promptly suppressed, appearance comparably increased following ingestion both groups. In contrast, disappearance (R(d)) immediately after lower 0.001) IFG/impaired...
Advancements in subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring and insulin delivery are stimulating the development of a minimally invasive artificial pancreas that facilitates optimal glycemic regulation diabetes. The key component such system is blood controller for which different design strategies have been investigated literature. In order to evaluate compare efficacy various algorithms, several performance indices proposed.A new tool-control-variability grid analysis (CVGA)-for measuring...
In 2008-2009, the first multinational study was completed comparing closed-loop control (artificial pancreas) to state-of-the-art open-loop therapy in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).The design of algorithm done entirely silico, i.e., using computer simulation experiments N=300 synthetic "subjects" T1DM instead traditional animal trials. The clinical recruited 20 at Universities Virginia (11); Padova, Italy (6); and Montpellier, France (3). Open-loop admission scheduled 3-4 weeks...
Measuring insulin sensitivity during the physiological milieu of oral glucose perturbation, e.g., a meal or an tolerance test, would be extremely valuable but difficult since rate appearance absorbed is unknown. The reference method tracer two-step one: first, (R(a meal)(ref)) reconstructed by employing tracer-to-tracee ratio clamp technique with two tracers and model non-steady-state kinetics; next, this R(a meal)(ref) used as known input describing action on kinetics to estimate (SI(ref))....
Modularity plays a key role in many engineering systems, allowing for plug-and-play integration of components, enhancing flexibility and adaptability, facilitating standardization. In the control diabetes, i.e., so-called "artificial pancreas," modularity allows step-wise introduction (and regulatory approval for) algorithmic starting with subsystems assured patient safety followed by higher layer components that serve to modify patient's basal rate real time. this paper, we introduce...
Highly informative yet simple protocols to assess insulin secretion and action would considerably enhance the quality of epidemiological large-scale clinical trials. In an effort develop such protocols, a 5-h, 11-sample oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in 100 individuals 7-h, 21-sample meal another 100. Plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide concentrations were measured. We show that virtually same minimal model assessment β-cell responsivity (dynamic [Φd] static [Φs]),...