A5043871158- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Gut microbiota and health
- Nail Diseases and Treatments
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Infectious Diseases and Mycology
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Dental Health and Care Utilization
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
2017-2024
University of Perugia
2010-2019
Polo d’Innovazione di Genomica
2017
Biochemical Society
2009
ABSTRACT Vaginal inflammation (vaginitis) is the most common disease caused by human-pathogenic fungus Candida albicans . Secretory aspartyl proteinases (Sap) are major virulence traits of C. that have been suggested to play a role in vaginitis. To dissect mechanisms which Sap this role, Sap2, dominantly expressed member family and putative constituent an anti- vaccine, was used. Injection full-length Sap2 into mouse vagina local neutrophil influx accumulation inflammasome-dependent...
Candida causes an estimated half-billion cases of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) every year. VVC is most commonly caused by albicans , which, in this setting, triggers nonprotective neutrophil infiltration, aggressive local inflammation, and symptomatic disease. Despite its prevalence, little known about the molecular mechanisms underpinning immunopathology fungal infection. In study, we describe determinant a potentially straightforward way to prevent response zinc limitation, C. releases...
In a recent report, we demonstrated that distinct members of the secreted aspartic protease (Sap) family Candida albicans are able to induce secretion proinflammatory cytokines by human monocytes, independently their proteolytic activity and specific pH optima. particular, C. Sap2 Sap6 potently induced IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 production. Here, demonstrate proteins trigger IL-1β IL-18 production through inflammasome activation. This occurs via NLRP3 caspase-1 activation, which cleaves pro-IL-1β...
Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the most prevalent vaginal infection worldwide and Candida albicans its major agent. characterized by disruption of microbiota composition, as happens following large spectrum antibiotic usage. Recent studies support effectiveness oral local probiotic treatment for prevention recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Saccharomyces cerevisiae a safe yeast used as, or for, production ingredients human nutrition health. Here, we demonstrate that administration live (GI)...
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common clinical condition with symptoms and signs of vaginal inflammation in the presence Candida species. At least one episode VVC experienced up to 75% women reproductive age group during their lifetime, 5% 8% such suffer from chronic form. Most cases are still caused by C. albicans. However, incidence non-albicans (NAC) species, as parapsilosis, continuously increasing. Despite prevalence NAC, little known about these species almost nothing mechanisms...
Abstract The major component of capsular material Cryptococcus neoformans is glucuronoxylomannnan (GXM), a polysaccharide that exhibits potent immunosuppressive properties in vitro and vivo. results reported here show 1) soluble purified GXM induces prompt, long-lasting, up-regulation Fas ligand (FasL) on macrophages, 2) the FasL related to induced synthesis increased mobilization cellular surface, 3) this effect largely mediated by interaction between TLR4, 4) occurs exclusively GXM-loaded...
Synthetic peptides with sequences identical to fragments of the constant region different classes (IgG, IgM, IgA) antibodies (Fc-peptides) exerted a fungicidal activity in vitro against pathogenic yeasts, such as Candida albicans, glabrata, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Malassezia furfur, including caspofungin triazole resistant strains. Alanine-substituted derivatives Fc-peptides, tested evaluate critical role each residue, displayed unaltered, increased or decreased candidacidal vitro. An...
ABSTRACT We recently demonstrated that the secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps), Sap2 and Sap6, of Candida albicans have potential to induce canonical activation NLRP3 inflammasome, leading secretion interleukin-1β (IL-1β) IL-18 via caspase-1 activation. also observed is partially independent from pathway. In this study, we examined whether Sap6 are able activate noncanonical inflammasome pathway in murine macrophages. Our data show both can caspase-11 through type I interferon (IFN)...
Abstract The expression of host inflammatory and Candida albicans putative virulence factors was studied in women with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC; twenty) or colonized by the fungus but asymptomatic (carriers; fifteen) non-colonized (ten subjects). Overexpression genes encoding NLRP3 caspase-1 inflammasome components sharply differentiated VVC patients from women. Inflammasome coupled neutrophils recruitment vagina IL-1β IL-8 production. Both cytokines were present, though to a lower...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen responsible for both acute and chronic infections in humans. In particular, its ability to form biofilm, on biotic abiotic surfaces, makes it particularly resistant host's immune defenses current antibiotic therapies as well. Innovative antimicrobial materials, like hydrogel, silver salts or nanoparticles have been used cover new generation catheters with promising results. Nevertheless, biofilm remains a major health problem. For...
Secretory aspartyl proteinases (Saps) of Candida albicans are key virulence traits which cause inflammasome-dependent, aseptic inflammation in a mouse model vaginitis. In this paper, neutrophil migration response to Sap2, Sap6 and chemo-attractive products released from Sap-treated vaginal epithelium was measured vitro, ex vivo vivo. Our results show that Sap2 induce production potent chemoattractive chemokines such as IL-8 MIP-2 by epithelial cells. data suggest at least part depends upon...
Oral microbiota consists of hundreds different species bacteria, fungi, protozoa and archaea, important for oral health. mycoses, mostly affecting mucosae, are mainly caused by the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans. They become relevant in denture-wearers elderly people, diabetic patients, immunocompromised individuals. Differently, bacteria responsible other pathologies, such as dental caries, gingivitis periodontitis, which affect even immune-competent An appropriate hygiene can...
Lactobacilli are considered an inexhaustible source of potentially bioactive substances; indeed, several products from their metabolism known to have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity. Recently, we demonstrated that cell-free supernatants (CFS) obtained Lactobacillus (L.) acidophilus, L. plantarum, rhamnosus reuteri can impair Candida pathogenic potential in vitro model epithelial vaginal infection. This effect could be ascribed a direct living lactobacilli on virulence the...
Glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) is a microbial compound that can modulate the immune response. We investigated (1) receptors involved in uptake of GXM on monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from healthy donors, (2) effects expression specific receptors, (3) mediated by pattern-recognition and (4) modulation MDM accessory secretory functions. Cellular included Fc gamma RII, CD18, Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, CD14. Some biological functions MDMs were profoundly affected treatment with GXM, resulting...
The major virulence factor of Cryptococcus neoformans is its polysaccharide capsule composed glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), galactoxylomannan (GalXM) and mannoproteins. A variety immunomodulating activities have been described for GXM mannoproteins but little known about possible interactions GalXM with the immune system. In present article, we investigate effect purified soluble on human T lymphocytes. results indicate that, (i) can affect selected responses; (ii) causes significant impairment...
Abstract Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) exerts anti-inflammatory effects on the immune cells. However, less is known about GILZ function in neutrophils. We aimed to define specific role of basal neutrophil activity during an inflammatory response. knockdown resulted a persistent activation state neutrophils, as evidenced by increased phagocytosis, killing activity, and oxidative burst GILZ-knockout (KO) This enhanced response caused severe disease dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid...
The glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) gene is a pivotal mediator of the anti-inflammatory effects glucocorticoids (GCs) that are known to regulate function both adaptive and innate immunity cells. Our aim was investigate role GILZ in GC-induced inhibition neutrophil migration, as this has not been investigated before. We found expression induced by dexamethasone (DEX), synthetic GC, neutrophils, it regulated migration these cells into inflamed tissues under DEX treatment. Of note,...
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) affects nearly 3/4 of women during their lifetime, and its symptoms seriously reduce quality life. Although Candida albicans is a common commensal, it unknown if VVC results from switch commensal to pathogenic state, only some strains can cause VVC, and/or there displacement with more strains. We studied set colonizing C. identify consistent
It has been documented that, independently from the specificity of native antibody (Ab) for a given antigen (Ag), complementarity determining regions (CDR)-related peptides may display differential antimicrobial, antiviral and antitumor activities.In this study we demonstrate that synthetic peptide with sequence identical to V(H)CDR3 mouse monoclonal Ab (mAb) specific difucosyl human blood group A is easily taken up by macrophages subsequent stimulation of: i) proinflammatory cytokine...
The commensal fungus Candida albicans causes mucosal candidiasis in the rapidly expanding number of immunocompromised patients. Mucosal includes orapharyngeal, esophageal, gastrointestinal, and vaginal infections. Vulvovaginal (VVC) antimycotic-refractory recurrent VVC is a frequent problem healthy child-bearing women. Both these infections can affect quality life finding new therapeutical preventive approaches challenge. A vaccine against candidal would be important tool to prevent and/or...
For the first time, grape seed extracts (GSEs), obtained from wine and table cultivars of Vitis vinifera L., cultured in experimental fields Lazio Puglia regions Italy grown different agronomic conditions, have been tested on 43 Candida species strains. We demonstrated a significant correlation between content flavan-3-ols GSEs extracts, with polymerization degree ≥4, anti- activity. Moreover, we that GSEs, plants reduced irrigation, showed polymeric flavan-3-ols<mml:math...
Previously we demonstrated that the treatment with live Saccharomyces cerevisiae exerts beneficial therapeutic effects against vaginal candidiasis. Here, address potential mechanisms particularly examining probiotic capacity to modulate both fungus and host-related factors. We show S. cerevisiae-based markedly affects expression of virulence traits Candida albicans such as aspartyl proteinases (SAPs) well hyphae-associated proteins Hwp1 Ece1 in cavity. On host side, suppression influx...