A5048084253- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Orthopedic Infections and Treatments
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Hematological disorders and diagnostics
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Migraine and Headache Studies
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Genomics and Rare Diseases
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Myasthenia Gravis and Thymoma
Stellenbosch University
2016-2025
Western Cape Department of Health
2010-2024
Tygerberg Hospital
2010-2024
Charing Cross Hospital
2023
Swansea Bay University Health Board
2023
Tygerberg Children’s Hospital
2010-2016
Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation
2016
Brooklyn Chest Hospital
2016
University of Cape Town
2014
Stanford Health Care
2014
TB affects around 10.6 million people each year and there are now 155 survivors. its treatments can lead to permanently impaired health wellbeing. In 2019, representatives of affected communities attending the '1st International Post-Tuberculosis Symposium´ called for development clinical guidance on these issues. This statement post-TB wellbeing responds this call builds work symposium, which brought together survivors, healthcare professionals researchers. Our document offers expert...
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) results from dissemination of M. tuberculosis to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and meninges. Ischaemia, hydrocephalus raised intracranial pressure frequently result, leading extensive brain injury neurodisability. The global burden TBM is unclear it likely that many cases are undiagnosed, with treated unreported. Untreated, uniformly fatal, even if treated, mortality morbidity high. Young age human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection potent risk factors for...
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of TB with high rates mortality and morbidity. Here we conduct RNA-sequencing on whole blood as well ventricular lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pediatric patients treated for TBM. Differential transcript expression TBM cases are compared healthy controls in non-TB cerebral infection CSF. Whole RNA-Seq analysis demonstrates a distinct immune response pattern TBM, significant increase both canonical non-canonical inflammasome activation...
We herein report a case of child with tuberculous meningitis and COVID-19 coinfection complicated by hydrocephalus, arterial ischaemic stroke extensive cerebral sinus venous thrombosis. Both conditions induce proinflammatory cytokine drive resulting, among others, in prothrombotic state. The disruption the coagulation system this was supported elevated D-dimers, fibrinogen ferritin levels, consistent thrombotic complications reported some adult patients infected COVID-19. also exhibited...
Tuberculosis meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and particularly intense in small children; there no universally accepted algorithm for diagnosis substantiation TB infection, which can lead to delayed intervention, a high risk factor morbidity mortality. In this study proton magnetic resonance (1H NMR)-based metabolomics analysis several chemometric methods were applied data generated from lumber cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples three experimental...
This study improves our understanding of the pathogenesis tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and may direct future strategies for prevention immunopathology associated with TBM. Our data suggest that host biomarker signatures in cerebrospinal fluid have promising diagnostic applications require urgent investigation.
Early treatment is critical to reducing tuberculous meningitis (TBM) related morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture impractical due slow turnaround times, while microscopy has poor sensitivity. Enhanced detection methods are essential guide early initiation, especially in vulnerable young children.We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of GenoType(®) MTBDRplus Xpert(®) MTB/RIF assays CSF collected from paediatric suspects prospectively enrolled at...
In those who survive tuberculous meningitis (TBM), the long-term outcome is uncertain; individuals may suffer neurocognitive, functional and psychiatric impairment, which significantly affect their ability to lead lives as they did prior diagnosis of TBM. children survive, severe illness has occurred at a crucial timepoint in development, can behavioural cognitive delay. The extent nature this impairment poorly understood, particularly adults. This part due lack observational studies area...
Abstract The delayed diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) leads to poor outcomes, yet the current diagnostic methods for identifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are inadequate. first comparative study new GeneXpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) TBM suggested increased sensitivity Xpert Ultra. Two subsequent studies have shown has improved sensitivity, but insufficient negative predictive value exclude TBM. Collecting and processing large volumes CSF...
Much of the neurological sequelae central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis (TB) is due to an excessive cytokine-driven host-inflammatory response. Adjunctive corticosteroids, which reduce cytokine production and thus dampen inflammation, improve overall survival but do not prevent morbidity. This has prompted investigation more targeted immunomodulatory agents, including thalidomide.We describe a retrospective cohort 38 children consecutively treated with adjunctive thalidomide for CNS...
Background: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of tuberculosis and results in high morbidity mortality children. Diagnostic delay contributes to poor outcome. There an urgent need for new tools rapid diagnosis TBM, especially Methods: We collected serum samples from children whom TBM was suspected at a tertiary hospital Cape Town, South Africa. Children were subsequently classified as having or no using published uniform research case-definition. Using multiplex cytokine...
Of all tuberculosis (TB) cases, 1% affects the central nervous system (CNS), with a mortality rate of up to 60%. Our aim is fill 'key gap' in TBM research by analyzing brain specimens unique historical cohort 84 patients, focusing on granuloma formation. We describe three different types: non-necrotizing, necrotizing gummatous, and abscess type granuloma. hypothesis that these types are developmental stages same pathological process. All were present each patient mainly localized...
<ns3:p>The pathogenesis of Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is poorly understood, but contemporary molecular biology technologies have allowed for recent improvements in our understanding TBM. For instance, neutrophils appear to play a significant role the immunopathogenesis TBM, and either paucity or an excess inflammation can be detrimental Further, severity HIV-associated immunosuppression important determinant inflammatory response; patients with advanced (CD4+ T-cell count <150 cells/μL)...
Background HIV can invade the central nervous system (CNS) early during infection, invading perivascular macrophages and microglia, which, in turn, release viral particles immune mediators that dysregulate all brain cell types. Consequently, children living with often present neurodevelopmental delays. Methods In this study, we used proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) spectroscopy to analyze neurometabolic profile of infection using cerebrospinal fluid samples obtained from 17 HIV+...