Caffeine, the most widely used psychoactive compound, is an adenosine receptor antagonist. It promotes wakefulness by blocking A_2A receptors (A_2ARs) in brain, but specific neurons on which caffeine acts to produce arousal have not been identified. Using selective gene deletion strategies based Cre/loxP technology mice and focal RNA interference silence expression of A_2ARs rats local infection with adeno-associated virus carrying short-hairpin RNA, we report...

Prostaglandin D synthetase was purified 2,600-fold from rat brain to apparent homogeneity, as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation.The enzyme a monomeric protein with molecular weight of 27,000 f 1,000.The PI value, sedimentation coefficient, partial specific volume were 4.6, 4.1 s, 0.73 ml/g, respectively.The stable between pH 4 11 at the temperature lower than 25 "C resistant heat treatment under alkaline conditions (pH 8-11).About 50% activity detected...

Glutathione-independent prostaglandin D synthase [prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase; (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9 alpha,11 alpha-epidioxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate D-isomerase, EC 5.3.99.2] is an enzyme responsible for biosynthesis of D2 in the central nervous system. In situ hybridization with antisense RNA indicated that mRNA was predominantly expressed leptomeninges, choroid plexus, and oligodendrocytes adult rat brain. The findings agree those obtained by immunohistochemical staining antibodies...

Abstract The cellular localization of glutathione-requiring PGD synthetase, which catalyzes the predominant formation PGD2 in various peripheral tissues, was investigated adult rats by immunoperoxidase-staining with a polyclonal antibody specific for this enzyme. Although 25 N-terminal amino acid residues synthetase are 56% identical and 76% similar to those several rat glutathione S-transferase subunits, cross-reacted only dot blotting nearly completely inactive all transferase isozymes...

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase [indoleamine: oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)] activity in the supernatant fraction (30,000 X g, 30 min) of mouse lung homogenate increased approximately 120-fold after infection with PR8 influenza virus. Both specific and total enzyme activities started to increase linearly from 5th day infection, reached highest level around 11th day, then gradually decreased normal values about 3 weeks. Other enzymes lung, such as certain lysosomal monoamine oxidase,...

The objective of this study was to characterize a 26-kDa seminal plasma protein previously shown be prevalent in bulls high fertility. Spots protein, excised and electroeluted from two-dimensional SDS-PAGE gels, were used for N-terminal amino acid sequencing preparation antiserum rabbits. sequence (ALQPNFEEDKFLGRWFTSGL) 75% identical 100% homologous lipocalin-type prostaglandin (PG) D synthase isolated human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Western blots purified cross-reacted with polyclonal...

as judged by their PI (4.7-5

Prostaglandin D synthetase activity in the cytosol (100,000 x g, 1-h supernatant) fraction of peritoneal mast cells adult rats (105.0 nmol/min/mg protein) was highest among such activities various rat tissues and cells. As judged by absolute requirement for glutathione reaction (Km = 300 microM), Km value prostaglandin H2 (200 insensitivity to 1 mM 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, enzyme similar spleen differed from brain or S-transferase, all which catalyze isomerase D2. In immunotitration...

The cerebellum contains a hexadecapeptide, termed cerebellin, that is conserved in sequence from human to chicken. Three independent, overlapping cDNA clones have been isolated library encode the cerebellin sequence. longest clone codes for protein of 193 amino acids we term precerebellin. This has significant similarity (31.3% identity, 52.2% similarity) globular (non-collagen-like) region B chain complement component C1q. relatedness extends over approximately 145 located carboxyl terminus...

was determined by a combination of cDNA and protein sequencing.cDNA clones specific for this enzyme were isolated from Xgtll rat brain expression library.Nucleotide sequence analyses cloned inserts revealed that consisted 564or 549-base pair open reading frame coding 188or 183-amino acid polypeptide with M, 21,232 or 20,749 starting at the first second ATG.About 60% deduced amino confirmed partial sequencing tryptic peptides purified enzyme.The recognition N-glycosylation seen two positions...

Monoclonal antibodies were produced against phosphate-activated glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.2) as a marker for glutamatergic neurons: The enzyme was purified 1000-fold from rat brain mitochondria with recovery of 27%. Upon SDS-PAGE the showed single band up to 1.7 micrograms after silver staining at molecular weight 62,000. Two monoclonal (IgMs) produced; these absorbed more than 90% activity in homogenate. In immunoblotting PAGE homogenate, recognized only 1 protein same position that enzyme....

Prostaglandin D synthetase (Urade, Y., Fujimoto, N., and Hayaishi, O. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 12410-12415) in the brain of 2- 8-week-old rats was biochemically indistinguishable as judged by Mr (26,000), pI values (4.35-4.75), Km for prostaglandin H2 (approximately 20 microM), requirement sulfhydryl compounds. Furthermore, enzyme immunologically same at both ages, immunotitration, Ouchterlony immunodiffusion, immunoblotting analyses using a polyclonal two monoclonal antibodies specific...

Journal Article Prostaglandin F2α Synthase Activities of Aldo–Keto Reductase 1B1, 1B3 and 1B7 Get access Zakayi Kabututu, Kabututu 1Department Molecular Behavioral Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute, 6-2-4 Furuedai, Suita, 565-0874, Japan; 2CNRS, UMR6247—Genetic, Reproduction Development (GReD), Clermont University, 63177 Aubière, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michèle Manin, Manin Jean-Christophe Pointud, Pointud Toshihiko Maruyama,...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-convulsant effects magnolol (6, 6', 7, 12-tetramethoxy-2, 2'-dimethyl-1-β-berbaman, C18H18O2) and mechanisms involved.Mice were treated with (20, 40 80 mg·kg(-1)) 30 min before injection pentylenetetrazol (PTZ, 60 mg·kg(-1), i.p.). anti-seizure analysed using seizure models behaviour, EEG in vitro electrophysiology c-Fos expression hippocampus cortex.Magnolol at doses mg·kg(-1) significantly delayed onset myoclonic jerks generalized clonic...

We investigate theoretically electromagnetic plane-wave scattering by self-complementary metasurfaces. By using Babinet's principle extended to metasurfaces with resistive elements, we show that the frequency-independent transmission and reflection are realized for normal incidence of a circularly polarized plane wave onto metasurface, even if there is diffraction. Next, consider two special classes rotational symmetry can act as coherent perfect absorbers, those translational compatible...

Tantalum thin films sputtered on unheated silicon substrates are characterized with microwaves at around 10 GHz in a mK environment. We show that the phase of tantalum body-centered cubic lattice (α-Ta) can be grown selectively by depositing niobium buffer layer prior to film. The physical properties films, such as superconducting transition temperature and crystallinity, change markedly addition layer. Coplanar waveguide resonators based composite film exhibit significantly enhanced...

We demonstrate a nonradiative flat band for spoof surface plasmon polaritons bounded on structured with Lieb lattice symmetry in the terahertz regime. First, we theoretically derive dispersion relation of plasmons metallic based electrical circuit model. obtain three bands, one which is independent wave vector. To confirm theoretical result, numerically and experimentally observe transmission attenuated total reflection configurations. reveal that quality factor flat-band mode decoupled from...

This research resolves a long-standing problem on the electromagnetic response of self-complementary metallic screens with checkerboardlike geometry. Although Babinet's principle implies that they show frequency-independent response, this unusual characteristic has not been observed yet due to singularities point contacts in checkerboard We overcome difficulty by replacing resistive sheets. The proposed structure is prepared and characterized terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. It...