Bioinspired polydopamine (PDA) has served as a universal coating to nanoparticles (NPs) for various biomedical applications. However, one remaining critical question is whether the PDA shell on NPs stable in vivo. In this study, we modified gold (GNPs) with finely controlled nanolayers form uniform core/shell nanostructures (GNP@PDA). vitro study showed that PDA-coated GNPs had low cytotoxicity and could smoothly translocate cancer cells. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis...

Biofilms that contribute to the persistent bacterial infections pose serious threats global public health, mainly due their resistance antibiotics penetration and escaping innate immune attacks by phagocytes. Here, we report a kind of surface-adaptive gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibiting (1) self-adaptive target acidic microenvironment biofilm, (2) an enhanced photothermal ablation methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilm under near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation, (3) no...

Biofilm has resulted in numerous obstinate clinical infections, posing severe threats to public health. It is urgent develop original antibacterial strategies for eradicating biofilms. Herein, we a surface charge switchable supramolecular nanocarrier exhibiting pH-responsive penetration into an acidic biofilm nitric oxide (NO) synergistic photodynamic eradication of the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with negligible damage healthy tissues under laser irradiation....

Effective accumulation of nanoparticles (NPs) in tumors is crucial for NP-assisted cancer diagnosis and treatment. With the hypothesis that aggregation NPs stimulated by tumor microenvironment can be utilized to enhance retention cellular uptake tumors, we designed a smart NP system evaluate effect on NPs' tissue. Gold (AuNPs, ∼16 nm) were facilely prepared surface modification with mixed-charge zwitterionic self-assembled monolayers, which stable at pH blood normal tissues but aggregate...

Chronic lung infection caused by bacterial biofilms is an extremely serious clinical problem, which can lead to the failure of antibiotic therapy. Although nanoparticles have shown great potential in treatment biofilms, efficient penetration and retention still a big challenge. To address this issue, we herein fabricate size charge adaptive azithromycin (AZM)-conjugated clustered (denoted as AZM-DA NPs) therapeutic agents for treating biofilms. The NPs are prepared electrostatic complexation...

With the development of nanotechnology and its application in biomedicine, studies on interaction between nanoparticles cells have become increasingly important. To understand surface size effects cell nanoparticles, cellular uptake behaviors two series gold (AuNPs) with both positively negatively charged surfaces sizes range from ~16 to ~58 nm were investigated phagocytic RAW 264.7 nonphagocytic HepG2 cells. The internalization AuNPs was quantified by ICP-MS, intracellular fate NPs...

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, as one of the most aggressive cancers, is characterized by rich desmoplastic stroma that forms a physical barrier for anticancer drugs. To address this issue, we herein report two-step sequential delivery strategy targeted therapy pancreatic cancer with gemcitabine (GEM). In strategy, metformin (MET) was first administrated to disrupt dense stroma, based on fact MET downregulated expression fibrogenic cytokine TGF-β suppress activity stellate cells (PSCs),...

Dual enzymatic reactions were introduced to fabricate programmed gemcitabine (GEM) nanovectors for targeted pancreatic cancer therapy. Dual-enzyme-sensitive GEM prepared by conjugation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) detachable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), cathepsin B-cleavable GEM, and targeting ligand CycloRGD CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs). The decorated with a PEG corona could avoid nonspecific interactions exhibit prolonged blood circulation time. After accumulated in tumor tissue...

The development of a controllable reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generation system for cancer treatment has remained elusive. Herein, supramolecular prodrug nanoassemblies (SPNA) strategy that co-delivers nitric oxide (NO) donor and superoxide anion (O2•–) inducing chemotherapeutic agent was reported RNS-potentiated chemotherapy. mole ratio platinum(IV) NO could be precisely tailored in SPNAPt/NO. Platinum(II) would released intracellularly to produce highly toxic RNS, peroxynitrite...

Abstract Dry eye disease (DED) impacts ≈30% of the world's population and causes serious ocular discomfort even visual impairment. Inflammation is one core cause DED vicious cycle, a multifactorial deterioration in process. However, there are also reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulating inflammation other points cycle from upstream, leading to treatment failure current therapies merely targeting inflammation. Accordingly, authors develop micelle‐based drops (more specifically p38...

Abstract Compared to conventional photothermal therapy (PTT) which requires hyperthermia higher than 50 °C, mild‐temperature PTT is a more promising antitumor strategy with much lower phototoxicity neighboring normal tissues. However, the therapeutic efficacy of always restricted by thermoresistance cancer cells. To address this issue, supramolecular drug nanocarrier fabricated co‐deliver nitric oxide (NO) and agent DCTBT NIR‐II aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristic for PTT. NO...

The ever-increasing threats of multidrug-resistant bacteria and their biofilm-associated infections have bred a desperate demand for alternative remedies to combat them. Near-infrared (NIR)-absorbing photothermal agent (PTAs)-mediated therapy (PTT) is particularly attractive biofilm ablation thanks its superiorities noninvasive intervention, satisfactory antibacterial efficiency, less likelihood develop resistance. Herein, three butterfly-shaped aggregation-induced emission luminogens...

The synthesis of a photo-triggered biocompatible drug delivery system on the basis coumarin-functionalized block copolymers is reported. poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(n-butyl methacrylate-co-4-methyl-[7-(methacryloyl)oxyethyloxy]coumarin)) (PEO-b-P(BMA- co-CMA)) were synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). micelle–drug conjugates made by covalent bonding anticancer 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to coumarin under UV irradiation at wavelength >310 nm. These possessed spherical...

Autophagy triggered by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in photodynamic therapy (PDT) generally exhibits an anti-apoptotic effect to promote cell survival. Herein, innovative supramolecular nanoplatform was fabricated for enhanced PDT converting the role of autophagy from pro-survival pro-death. The respiration inhibitor 3-bromopyruvate (3BP), which can act as promoter and hypoxia ameliorator, integrated into photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6)-encapsulated nanoparticles combat hypoxic tumor. 3BP...

Abstract Mitochondria, which are important mediators for cancer initiation, growth, metastasis, and drug resistance, have been considered as a major target in therapy. Herein, an acid‐activated mitochondria‐targeted nanocarrier is constructed precise delivery of nitric oxide (NO) adenosine triphosphate (ATP) suppressor to amplify the therapeutic efficacy treatments. By combining α‐cyclodextrin (α‐CD) acid‐cleavable dimethylmaleic anhydride modified PEG conjugated mitochondria‐targeting...

IR-780 iodide, a near-infrared (near-IR) fluorescent dye, can be utilized as an effective theranostic agent for both imaging and photothermal therapy. However, its lipophilicity limits further biomedical applications. Herein, we synthesized phospholipid mimicking amphiphilic homopolymer poly(12-(methacryloyloxy)dodecyl phosphorylcholine) (PMDPC) via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The PMDPC self-assembled into micelles used the encapsulation of IR-780....

Supramolecular nanomaterials as drug carriers have recently received increasing attention due to their intrinsic merits such high stability, strong inclusion capability, and facile modification of the parental structure; however, intelligent ones with combined capacities long blood circulation, highly efficient tumor cell uptake, site-oriented release inside cells are still rather limited. Herein, we report a strategy using supramolecular aggregation-induced emission (AIE) nanodots for...

Polymeric micelles have emerged as a promising nanoplatform for cancer theranostics. Herein, we developed doxorubicin (DOX) encapsulated pH-responsive polymeric combined aggregation induced emission (AIE) imaging and chemotherapy. The novel zwitterionic copolymer poly(2-methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine-co-2-(4-formylphenoxy)ethyl methacrylate) (poly(MPC-co-FPEMA)) was synthesized via RAFT polymerization further converted to PMPC-hyd-TPE after conjugation of tetraphenylethene (TPE,...

Despite the exciting advances in cancer chemotherapy over past decades, drug resistance treatment remains one of primary reasons for therapeutic failure. IR‐780 loaded pH‐responsive polymeric prodrug micelles with near infrared (NIR) photothermal effect are developed to circumvent treatment. The stable physiological environment, while exhibit fast doxorubicin (DOX) release acidic condition and significant temperature elevation under NIR laser irradiation. Phosphorylcholine‐based biomimetic...

Biofilms are chief culprits of most intractable infections and pose great threats to human health. Conventional antibiotic therapies hypodynamic biofilms due their strong drug resistance, closely related with biofilm hypoxia. A new strategy for enhanced therapy by relieving hypoxia is reported here. two-step sequential delivery fabricated using perfluorohexane (PFH)-loaded liposomes (lip) as oxygen (O2) carriers (denoted lip@PFH@O2) commercial antibiotics. The results indicate that the...