A5081179387- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Malaria Research and Control
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- HIV Research and Treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Infrared Thermography in Medicine
- Acupuncture Treatment Research Studies
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
2014-2024
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica
2004-2019
University of California, Berkeley
2004-2018
National Taiwan University
2005-2017
Academia Sinica
2007-2015
Siriraj Hospital
2015
Mahidol University
2015
National Taiwan University Hospital
2003-2013
National Taiwan Normal University
2008
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology
2002-2006
The antibody response to the envelope (E) glycoprotein of dengue virus (DENV) is known play a critical role in both protection from and enhancement disease, especially after primary infection. However, relative amounts homologous heterologous anti-E antibodies their epitopes remain unclear. In this study, we examined responses E protein as well precursor membrane (PrM), capsid, nonstructural 1 (NS1) four serotypes DENV by Western blot analysis serotype 2-infected patients with different...
Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome–associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is thought to be transmitted primarily through dispersal of droplets, but little known about the load SARS-CoV in oral droplets. We examined specimens, including throat wash and saliva, found large amounts RNA both (9.58 x 102 5.93 106 copies/mL) saliva (7.08 103 6.38 108 from all specimens 17 consecutive probable SARS case-patients, supporting possibility transmission Immunofluorescence study showed replication...
Humans who experience a primary dengue virus (DENV) infection develop antibodies that preferentially neutralize the homologous serotype responsible for infection. Affected individuals also generate cross-reactive against heterologous DENV serotypes, which are non-neutralizing. Dengue cross-reactive, non-neutralizing can enhance of Fc receptor bearing cells and, potentially, exacerbate disease. The actual binding sites human antibody on particle not well defined. We characterized specificity...
Although previous studies have revealed the contribution of an initial high level dengue virus replication to severe and potentially life-threatening diseases hemorrhagic fever (DHF) shock syndrome, involvement in immunopathological processes during transition from defervescence, which is a critical stage determining progression DHF, has not been appreciated. Previously, we reported that can be detected immune complexes patients with DHF this period.We investigated plasma viral load,...
Dengue viruses (DENV) are mosquito-borne flaviviruses of global importance. DENV exist as four serotypes, DENV1-DENV4. Following a primary infection, individuals produce DENV-specific antibodies that bind only to the serotype infection and other cross-react with two or more serotypes. People exposed secondary another at greater risk developing severe forms dengue disease. The increased in people experiencing repeat infections appear be due, least part, ability pre-existing cross-reactive...
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although Real Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) respiratory specimens gold standard test for detection SARS-CoV-2 infection, collecting nasopharyngeal swabs causes discomfort to patients and may represent considerable risk healthcare workers. The use saliva as a diagnostic sample has several advantages.The aim this study was validate biological diagnosis...
The envelope (E) protein of dengue virus (DENV) is the major target neutralizing antibodies (Abs) and vaccine development. Previous studies human dengue-immune sera reported that a significant proportion anti-E Abs, known as group-reactive (GR) were cross-reactive to all four DENV serotypes one or more other flaviviruses. Based on mouse monoclonal (MAbs), GR MAbs nonneutralizing weakly compared with type-specific MAbs; response was thus not regarded important for strategy. We investigated...
The explosive spread of Zika virus (ZIKV) and associated microcephaly present an urgent need for sensitive specific serodiagnostic tests, particularly pregnant women in dengue (DENV)-endemic regions. Recent reports enhanced ZIKV replication by dengue-immune sera have raised concerns about the role previous DENV infection on risk severity other complications.
ABSTRACT Using reverse transcription-PCR and clonal sequencing of the dengue virus envelope gene derived from plasma samples six patients, we reported for first time that circulates as a population closely related genomes. The extent sequence diversity varied among with mean pairwise proportions difference ranging 0.21 to 1.67%. Genome-defective viruses were found in 5.8% total number clones analyzed. Our findings on quasispecies nature defective vivo have implications regard pathogenesis virus.
Background The envelope (E) protein of dengue virus (DENV) is the major target neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development. While previous studies on domain III or I/II alone have reported several epitopes monoclonal (mAbs) against DENV E protein, possibility interdomain relationship between potency remain largely unexplored. Methodology/Principal Findings We developed a dot blot assay by using 67 alanine mutants predicted surface-exposed residues as systematic approach to identify...
Dengue virus (DENV) is the leading cause of arboviral diseases in humans worldwide. The envelope (E) protein DENV major target neutralizing antibodies (Abs). Previous studies have shown that a significant proportion anti-E Abs human serum after infection recognize highly conserved fusion loop (FL) E protein. role anti-FL protection against subsequent versus pathogenesis remains unclear. A monoclonal Ab was used as standard virion-capture ELISA to measure concentration Abs, [anti-E Abs],...
The four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) cause the most important and rapidly emerging arboviral diseases in humans. recent phase 2b 3 studies a tetravalent vaccine reported moderate efficacy despite presence neutralizing antibodies, highlighting need for better understanding antibodies polyclonal human sera. Certain type-specific (TS) were recently discovered to account monotypic activity protection after primary DENV infection. nature secondary infection remains largely unknown. In this...
Insect-borne viruses may account for a significant proportion of non-malaria and non-bacterial febrile illnesses in Liberia. Although the presence many arthropod vectors has been documented, collective burden arbovirus infections baseline pre-existing immunity remains enigmatic. Our goal was to determine seroprevalence exposure across country using resource-sparing, multiplex immunoassay IgG responses immunodominant antigens. 532 human serum samples, from healthy adults, collected 10...
While dengue virus is thought to replicate in mononuclear phagocytic cells vivo, attempts detect it peripheral blood (PBMC) by isolation or antigen detection have had variable and generally low rates. In this study, we developed a reverse transcription (RT)-real-time PCR assay quantify positive- negative-sense RNA of type 2 within the cells. The includes an RT step using either sense antisense primer followed real-time designed primers probe, which target capsid region highly conserved...
Although viral replication and overwhelming immune responses are believed to contribute the progression of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), little is known about temporal relationship between load, ribavirin, proinflammatory cytokines, clinical progression. We report that ribavirin was not effective in reducing SARS coronavirus load 3 8 probable cases studied elevated levels interleukin (IL)-6 IL-8 subsequent peak were found 6 cases, respectively. The nadir lymphocyte count during...
The envelope (E) of dengue virus (DENV) is a determinant tropism and virulence. At the C terminus E protein, there stem region containing two amphipathic α-helical domains (EH1 EH2) stretch conserved sequences in between. crystal structure protein at postfusion state suggested involvement during fusion; however, critical or residues involved remain unknown. Site-directed mutagenesis was carried out to replace each hydrophobic face with an alanine proline DENV serotype 4 (DENV4) precursor...
Abstract The genome of one Taiwanese severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) strain (TW1) was 29,729 nt in length. Viral RNA may persist for some time patients who seroconvert, and lack an antibody response (immunoglobulin G) to SARS-CoV >21 days after illness onset. An upsurge associated with the aggravation failure.
The seven-transmembrane CCR5 was recently found to double as a coreceptor for genetically diverse family of human and nonhuman primate lentiviruses. Paradoxically, the main region envelope protein believed be involved in utilization mapped hypervariable 3, or V3, glycoprotein gp120. In this study, we addressed question whether functional convergence is mediated by certain V3 residues that are highly conserved among HIV type 1 (HIV-1), 2, simian immunodeficiency virus. Site-directed...
Abstract Activation and expansion of dengue virus‐specific T cells abnormal liver functions in patients have been documented. However, it remains to be determined whether are involved the pathogenic mechanism virus infection. In this study, immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice were employed study virus‐induced cell activation. Mice inoculated with 10 8 PFU serotype 2 strain 16681 by intravenous route. Dengue viral core RNA was detected RT‐PCR mouse serum, liver, spleen, brain at different time...
ABSTRACT Persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia is known to be a poor prognostic factor. While several PCR assays for the detection of MRSA in various clinical samples were recently reported, possibility that quantitative assay could used quantify and monitor has not been explored. In this study, we established real-time mecA gene using copy numbers plasmid containing DNA as standard previously described -specific primers probe (P. Francois et al., J. Clin....
Recent studies on the role of T cells in Zika virus (ZIKV) infection have shown that cell responses to Asian ZIKV are important for protection, and previous dengue (DENV) exposure amplifies protective response ZIKV. Human African infection, however, remain unexplored. Here, we utilized modified anthrax toxin delivery system develop a flavivirus enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assay. Using human DENV samples from Senegal, West Africa, our results demonstrate specific cross-reactive...