A5074016000- Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- Gut microbiota and health
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Trace Elements in Health
- Immune cells in cancer
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Escherichia coli research studies
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Microscopic Colitis
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Intraocular Surgery and Lenses
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Whipple's Disease and Interleukins
- Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Digestive system and related health
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
University of Bristol
2009-2022
University of Edinburgh
2011-2021
Roslin Institute
2011-2021
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
2014
Naval Medical Center San Diego
2009
The Wistar Institute
1982
Abstract Colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) controls the growth and differentiation of macrophages.CSF1R signaling has been implicated in maintenance intestinal stem cell niche Paneth cells, but evidence expression CSF1R within crypt is equivocal. Here we show that CSF1R-dependent macrophages influence epithelial homeostasis. In lamina propria mRNA restricted to which are intimately associated with epithelium, undetectable cells. Macrophage ablation following blockade affects leads a...
Many prion diseases are orally acquired. Our data show that after oral exposure, early replication upon follicular dendritic cells (FDC) in Peyer's patches is obligatory for the efficient spread of disease to brain (termed neuroinvasion). For prions replicate on FDC within ingestion a contaminated meal, they must first cross gut epithelium. However, mechanism through which conveyed into uncertain. Within follicle-associated epithelium overlying microfold (M cells), unique epithelial...
The transcytosis of antigens across the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) Peyer's patches by microfold cells (M cells) is important for induction efficient immune responses to mucosal antigens. response compromised ageing, but effects on M were unknown. We show that M-cell density in FAE aged mice was dramatically reduced. As a consequence, significantly deficient their ability transcytose particulate lumenal antigen FAE. Ageing specifically impaired expression Spi-B and downstream...
The MacBlue transgenic mouse uses the Csf1r promoter and first intron to drive expression of gal4-VP16, which in turn drives a cointegrated gal4-responsive UAS-ECFP cassette. region used contains deletion 150 bp conserved covering trophoblast osteoclast-specific transcription start sites. In this study, we examined transgene embryos adult mice. embryos, ECFP was expressed large majority macrophages derived from yolk sac, as liver became major site monocytopoiesis. adults, detected at high...
Follicular dendritic cells (FDC) are an important subset of stromal within the germinal centres lymphoid tissues. They specialized to trap and retain antigen-containing immune complexes on their surfaces promote B-cell maturation immunoglobulin isotype class-switching. However, little is known cell types from which FDC originate. To address fundamental questions associated with relationships between other populations, we took advantage growing body publicly available data for transcriptome...
Many natural prion diseases of humans and animals are considered to be acquired through oral consumption contaminated food or pasture. Determining the route by which prions establish host infection will identify important factors that influence disease susceptibility intervention strategies can developed. After exposure, early accumulation replication within small intestinal Peyer's patches is essential for efficient spread brain. To replicate patches, must first cross gut epithelium. M...
Prion diseases are infectious neurodegenerative disorders characterized by accumulations of abnormally folded cellular prion protein in affected tissues. Many natural acquired orally, and following exposure, the early replication some isolates upon follicular dendritic cells (FDC) within gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) is important for efficient spread disease to brain (neuroinvasion). detection large intestinal GALT biopsy specimens has been used estimate human animal prevalence....
Isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs) develop after birth in the small and large intestines (SI LI) represent a dynamic response of gut immune system to microbiota. Despite their similarities, ILF development SI LI differs on number levels. We show that unlike SI, microbiota inhibits colon as conventionalization germ-free mice reduced colonic ILFs. From this, we identified novel mechanism regulating through action interleukin (IL)-25 IL-23 its ability modulate T regulatory cell (Treg)...
Aging has a profound effect on the immune system, termed immunosenescence, resulting in increased incidence and severity of infections decreased efficacy vaccinations. We previously showed that immunosurveillance intestine, achieved primarily through antigen sampling M cells follicle associated epithelium (FAE) Peyer's patches, was compromised during aging due to decline cell functional maturation. The intestinal microbiota also changes significantly with age, but whether this affects...
The follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) is a specialised structure that samples luminal antigens and transports them into mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT). In mammals, transcytosis of across the gut performed by subset FAE cells known as M cells. Here we show colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) expressed in avian bursa Fabricius FAE. Expression was initially detected using CSF1R-reporter transgene also label subsets bursal macrophages. Immunohistochemical detection...
Abstract Prion infections in the central nervous system (CNS) can cause extensive neurodegeneration. Systemic inflammation affect progression of some neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, we used gastrointestinal helminth pathogen Trichuris muris to test hypothesis that a chronic systemic inflammatory response infection would similarly CNS prion disease pathogenesis. Mice were injected with prions directly into and subsequently orally co-infected T. before onset clinical signs. We show...
The decline in mucosal immunity during aging increases susceptibility, morbidity and mortality to infections acquired via the gastrointestinal respiratory tracts elderly. We previously showed that this immunosenescence includes a reduction functional maturation of M cells follicle-associated epithelia (FAE) covering Peyer’s patches, diminishing ability sample antigens pathogens from gut lumen. Here, co-expression analysis mRNA-seq data sets revealed general down-regulation most FAE-...
M cells reside within the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) overlying gut-associated lymphoid tissues. These unique phagocytic epithelial enable mucosal immune system to sample antigens lumen of intestine. The differentiation from uncommitted precursors in FAE is dependent on production receptor activator nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) by subepithelial stromal cells. ligation a variety cell surface receptors activates (NF-κB) family transcription factors which in-turn induce multiple...
Abstract Objective To compare the incidence of corneal injury during general anesthesia (GA) and immediate post‐operative period in eyes protected with topical ocular lubricant alone followed by complete eyelid closure using tape. Animals Studied One hundred client‐owned dogs (200 eyes) undergoing GA for MRI scan. Methods Patients had applied to both upon induction anesthesia. eye was taped closed immediately after duration Strappal® tape (BSN medical™; treatment group), other not (control...
Processing of the beta major and minor globin pre-mRNAs has been compared in murine erythroleukemia cells induced to synthesize hemoglobin by dimethyl sulfoxide or hemin treatment, using both Northern blot technique S1 nuclease mapping with 3' 5' end-labeled probes. The small intervening sequence beta-globin was removed one step, although amounts incompletely spliced RNA were detected. During processing large pre-mRNA two internal splice sites clearly On contrary, did not show any sites. A...