A5076425482- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- interferon and immune responses
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Malaria Research and Control
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- RNA regulation and disease
- Hematological disorders and diagnostics
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
NeuroDiderot
2011-2024
École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort
2011-2024
Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement
2011-2024
Département Santé Animale
2011-2024
Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail
2010-2024
Institut de Virologie
2011-2020
Paris-Est Sup
2020
Sorbonne Université
2016
Institut Gustave Roussy
2001-2008
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2001-2008
Screening human sequence databases for endogenous retroviral elements with coding envelope genes has revealed 16 candidate that we assayed their fusogenic properties. All were cloned in a eukaryotic expression vector and cell–cell fusion by using large panel of mammalian cells transient transfection assays. Fusion was observed two retrovirus (HERV) envelopes, the previously characterized HERV-W envelope, also called syncytin, uncharacterized gene from HERV-FRD family. Cells prone to...
Abstract Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral with high economic impact, representing major threat for cloven-hooved mammals worldwide. Vaccines based on adjuvanted inactivated virus (iFMDV) induce effective protective immunity implicating antibody (Ab) responses. To reduce the biosafety constraints of manufacturing process, non-replicative human adenovirus type 5 vector encoding FMDV antigens (Ad5-FMDV) has been developed. Here we compared immunogenicity iFMDV Ad5-FMDV...
ABSTRACT Genome-wide screening of sequence databases for human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) has led to the identification 18 coding env genes, among which two—the syncytin genes—encode fusogenic ENV proteins possibly involved in placenta physiology. Here we show that a third ENV, originating from most “recent” HERV-K(HML2) family, is functional. Immunofluorescence analysis -transduced cells demonstrates expression protein at cell surface, and confers infectivity simian immunodeficiency...
West Nile virus (WNV), Japanese encephalitis (JEV), and tick-borne (TBEV) are flaviviruses responsible for severe neuroinvasive infections in humans horses. The confirmation of flavivirus is mostly based on rapid serological tests such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). These suffer from poor specificity, mainly due to antigenic cross-reactivity among members. Robust diagnosis therefore needs be validated through neutralisation (VNTs) which time-consuming require BSL3...
Abstract A recent in silico search for coding sequences of retroviral origin present the human genome has unraveled two new envelope genes that add to 16 previously identified. systematic among latter a fusogenic activity had led identification bona fide genes, named syncytin-1 and syncytin-2, most probably co-opted by primate genomes placental function related formation syncytiotrophoblast cell-cell fusion. Here, we show one newly identified gene, env P(b), is an ex vivo assay, but its...
Abstract Human trophoblast expresses two fusogenic retroviral envelope proteins, the widely studied syncytin 1, encoded by HERV-W and recently characterized 2 HERV-FRD. Here we in normal Trisomy 21-affected placenta associated with abnormal differentiation. Syncytin immunolocalization was restricted throughout pregnancy to some villous cytotrophoblastic cells (CT). During second trimester of pregnancy, immunolocalized cuboidal CT T21 placentas, whereas placentas it observed flat CT,...
A member of the HERV-W family human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) had previously been demonstrated to encode a functional envelope which can form pseudotypes with immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions and confer infectivity on resulting retrovirus particles. Here we show that second protein sorted out by systematic search for fusogenic proteins made among all HERV coding genes belonging HERV-FRD also make infectivity. We further orthologous were isolated from simians-from New World monkeys...
The encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), a Picornaviridae virus, has wide host spectrum and can cause various diseases. EMCV virulence factors, however, are as yet ill defined. Here, we demonstrate that the 2A protein is essential for pathogenesis of EMCV. Infection mice with B279/95 strain resulted in acute fatal disease, while clone C9, derived by serial vitro passage strain, was avirulent. C9 harbored large deletion gene encoding protein. This incorporated into cDNA pathogenic EMCV1.26...
We have demonstrated previously that the envelope protein of a murine retrovirus, Moloney leukaemia virus, has immunosuppressive properties in vivo . This property was manifested by ability protein, when expressed tumour cells normally rejected engrafted mice, to allow env -expressing escape immune rejection and proliferate. Here, it is shown this not restricted but also shared encoded primate Mason–Pfizer monkey virus.
Abstract Background The human genome carries a high load of proviral-like sequences, called Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs), which are the genomic traces ancient infections by active retroviruses. These elements in most cases defective, but open reading frames can still be found for retroviral envelope gene, with sixteen such genes identified so far. Several them conserved during primate evolution, having possibly been co-opted their host physiological role. Results To characterize...
Ticks are the most important vectors of pathogens affecting both domestic and wild animals worldwide. Hard tick feeding is a slow process-taking up to several days-and necessitates extended control over host response. The success process depends upon injection saliva, which not only controls hemostasis wound healing, but also subverts immune response avoid rejection that creates favorable niche for survival propagation diverse tick-borne pathogens. Here, we report on molecular biochemical...
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is the most devastating of cloven-hoofed livestock, with a crippling economic burden in endemic areas and immense costs associated outbreaks free countries. virus (FMDV), picornavirus, will spread rapidly naïve populations, reaching morbidity rates up to 100% cattle. Even after recovery, over 50% cattle remain subclinically infected infectious can be recovered from nasopharynx. The pathogen host factors that contribute FMDV persistence are currently not...
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) affects the livestock industry and socioeconomic sustainability of many African countries. The success FMD control programs in Africa depends largely on understanding dynamics virus (FMDV) spread. In light recent outbreaks that affected North-Western countries 2018 2019, we investigated evolutionary phylodynamics causative serotype O viral strains all belonging to East-Africa 3 topotype (O/EA-3). We analyzed a total 489 sequences encoding FMDV VP1 genome region...
The foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) Leader proteinase Lpro inhibits host mRNA translation and blocks the interferon response which promotes viral survival. is not required for replication in vitro but serotype A FMDV lacking has been shown to be attenuated cattle pigs. However, it known, whether leaderless viruses can cause persistent infection vivo after simulated natural phenotype same other serotypes. We have generated a O/FRA/1/2001 variant most of coding region (ΔLb). Cattle were...
Abstract Background The placenta plays an important role in the control of utero HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Proinflammatory cytokines placental environment are particularly implicated this control. We thus investigated effect TNF-α on expression human tissues vitro . Results Human chorionic villi fragments were infected with varying doses luciferase reporter pseudotypes R5, X4-Env or vesicular stomatitis virus protein G (VSV-G). Histocultures then performed presence absence...
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral affecting cloven-hoofed animals. One of the issues related to this persistence its causative agent, foot-and-mouth virus (FMDV). While mechanisms FMDV remain unclear, there are clues that it may be protein-protein interactions (PPI) between proteins and cellular involved in interferon (IFN) response. Since has been described cattle, sheep goats but not swine, we screened PPI involving sixteen major type-I IFN pathway from these four...
African horse sickness (AHS) is a viral disease that causes high morbidity and mortality rates in susceptible Equidae therefore significant economic losses. More rapid, sensitive specific assays are required by diagnostic laboratories to support effective surveillance programmes. A novel microsphere-based immunoassay (Luminex assay) which beads coated with recombinant AHS virus (AHSV) structural protein 7 (VP7) has been developed for serological detection of antibodies against VP7 any AHSV...
Bluetongue viruses (BTV) are arboviruses responsible for infections in ruminants. The confirmation of BTV is based on rapid serological tests such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using the viral protein 7 (VP7) antigen. determination serotype by analyses could be only performed neutralization (VNT) which time-consuming and require BSL3 facilities. VP2 considered major serotype-defining BTV. To improve characterization infections, recombinant VP7 8 (BTV-8) were synthesized...