Opioid-induced respiratory depression is a potentially life-threatening adverse drug event. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence using Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) Database obtain data promote proper use opioids. JADER database from April 2004 March 2017 obtained Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. We calculated reporting odds ratios (RORs) suspected opioids (morphine, fentanyl, oxycodone, tapentadol, methadone, tramadol, pentazocine, buprenorphine,...

Abstract: We investigated whether depressed plasma antithrombin and protein C activity, considered as a specific finding of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), is due to consumption coagulopathy in septic patients with DIC. An analysis hemostatic parameters was performed 139 (68 DIC 71 without DIC). Plasma activity tended be significantly decreased but not those ( p < 0.001). However, when the were classified into three groups according albumin (or choline esterase) level, no...

Tissue factor (TF) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are frequently used to induce disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in experimental animal models. Although the pathophysiology of DIC may differ depending on which agent is for induction, previous studies models have not distinguished DIC-inducing was used. In present paper, we evaluate characteristics TF-induced LPS-induced using two types models, with special reference selected hemostatic parameters pathological findings within...

Lenvatinib has become an important treatment option for advanced thyroid cancer. Fistula and tumor-related bleeding are life-threatening adverse effects that triggered by tumor shrinkage. The aim of this study was to evaluate basic parameters, such as time shrinkage level, analyze patient characteristics might be related onset complications.A retrospective 16 patients who received lenvatinib cancer performed.Fistula observed in two (12.5%), while one (6.3%). Complications were found appear...

In Brief Objective Tissue factor and lipopolysaccharide frequently have been used to induce disseminated intravascular coagulation in experimental animal models. Although the pathophysiology of may differ according agents it, these previous models not distinguished between use different coagulation-inducing agents. this study, we attempted evaluate characteristic features two types models, with special reference selected hemostatic parameters pathologic findings kidney. Design Prospective,...

There is no nationwide data on polypharmacy in palliative care Japan. In this study, the research committee of Japanese Society for Pharmaceutical Palliative Care and Sciences conducted an online survey inappropriate prescriptions involving its members who worked as hospital pharmacists.The questionnaire included questions about pharmacist interventions cancer patients regularly used six or more drugs during a two-month period from October to November 2017.Of 2618 pharmacists, 359 responded...

Summary 1 α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (active form of vitamin D3; D3) has been reported to induce the upregulation thrombomodulin and downregulation tissue factor (TF) on monocytes. The possibility exists that prevents development disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). In particular, monocyte TF production plays an important role in pathophysiology DIC septic patients. We have attempted determine whether is effective against a rat model induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (30 mg/kg, 4...

Combination therapy of linezolid (LZD) and rifampicin (RFP) may be more effective than monotherapy for treating gram-positive bacterial infections, but several studies have suggested that RFP decreases LZD exposures, thereby increasing the risk therapeutic failure emergence LZD-resistant strains. However, mechanism drug-drug interaction between is unknown.We conducted a prospective, open-label, uncontrolled clinical study in Japanese patients receiving to evaluate effect coadministered on...

Background: Nivolumab efficacy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and performance status (PS) of 2-4 is unclear.We aimed to compare survival, treatment efficacy, safety NSCLC poor PS who received nivolumab plus best supportive care (BSC) those BSC alone a palliative unit (PCU).Patients methods: This retrospective study included 99 consecutive or between December 2015 March 2018.Results: In total, 43 0-1 (good group) 20 (poor BSC; the remaining 36 PCU (PC group).Median...

Glucose dysmetabolism is an important risk factor for dementia.We investigated the associations of diabetes mellitus, levels glycemic measures, and insulin resistance secretion measures with dementia its subtypes in a cross-sectional study.In this study, 10,214 community-dwelling participants were enrolled. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) (HOMA-IR), HOMA percent β-cell function (HOMA-β), glycated albumin (GA) was evaluated. The each measure Alzheimer's disease...

No nationwide study on polypharmacy in palliative care among Japanese community pharmacies has yet been conducted. We conducted an online questionnaire survey for pharmacist members of The Society Pharmaceutical Palliative Care and Sciences regarding their contributions to cancer patients who regularly used six or more drugs, including opioids, service during the two-month period from October November 2017. Of 579 pharmacists, 83 responded (14.3%). Among them, 47.0 27.7% respondents replied...

Hiccups often occur in patients receiving cisplatin (CDDP)-based chemotherapy.In the present study,we investigated incidence of hiccups 162 who received CDDP as well risk factors for developing hiccups.Hiccups occurred 40 (25%) patients,and 93% were men.Twenty-six had within 48 hr CDDP,and 31 them continued between 1 and 4 days.Twenty-eight medication (shitei-decoction,chlorpromazine,metoclopramide,etc.) to relieve hiccups,which was effective 30% them.Hiccups developed with osteochondro...

Changes of mycophenolic acid (MPA) pharmacokinetics with aging were investigated in rats. We also compared the effect concomitant amoxicillin/clavulanate combination (CVA/AMPC) on MPA 4-week-old and 12-week-old rats (the package insert CVA/AMPC warns possible interaction MPA). Four-week-old showed a 1.4-fold higher total body clearance lower volume distribution (65%), to values However, difference disappeared when enterohepatic circulation was eliminated by bile duct cannulation (BDC)....

Opioid analgesics have greatly contributed to the advancement of pain management. However, although opioids been appropriately used in Japan, they rarely induce serious adverse events, such as respiratory depression. The present study aimed investigate temporal changes occurrence opioid-related events and deaths between 2004 2017 Japan using Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database. We analyzed following points data extracted from JADER website: 1) number proportion event reports;...

Ritodrine hydrochloride (RD), a β2-adrenergic agonist, is widely used as tocolytic medication to suppress premature labor, but can cause neonatal hypoglycemia, potentially severe side effect. We examined the incidence and risk factors of hypoglycemia following maternal intravenous administration RD.This was retrospective study neonates, who had birth weight ≥2000 g were delivered at 36 weeks gestation or later in Kanazawa University Hospital from August 2013 July 2016. defined blood glucose...

Background: In Japan, the involvement of hospital pharmacists in inappropriate medications (IMs) practices has not been sufficiently reported. Therefore, this prospective study described interventions discontinuing drugs or reducing drug doses. Methods: We conducted a prospective, multicenter, observational to investigate intervention prescriptions for inpatients September 2018. Fifty from 45 hospitals Japan participated study. IMs were defined as that deemed patient treatment. The subjects...

We examined the binding of various basic drugs to F(1)S and A genetic variants alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP), which were isolated from native human commercial AGP (total AGP) by chromatography on an immobilized copper(II) affinity adsorbent. The values dissociation constant (K(d)) some with variant in equilibrium dialysis differed characteristically those variant. selective these was evaluated measuring displacement ratio dicumarol bound or that acridine orange variant, using circular...

Background: High-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) therapy is widely implemented for leukemia, osteosarcoma, and lymphoma. Although various measures have been taken to avoid toxicity from high serum MTX concentrations, there are many cases of delayed elimination MTX. Objective: We suspected that was caused by unknown interactions between concomitant drugs. Methods: Concerning drugs in the case MTX, we performed screening tests 35 patients who had undergone HD-MTX therapy. then investigated risk...

Vascular pain is a characteristic adverse effect of gemcitabine (GEM) intravenous infusion, but risk factors have not been sufficiently examined. We conducted logistic regression analysis to determine vascular pain-associated clinical and evaluated the protective NSAIDs opioids against GEM-induced pain.Four-hundred-fifty-seven patients (total number doses: 3,306 infusions) who received GEM therapy from April 2006 March 2011 were analyzed. As result multivariate patient backgrounds,...

Background Corticosteroid-induced psychiatric disorders (CIPDs) represent an adverse effect that can cause severe emotional and behavioral problems. The aim of the present study was to assess incidence risk factors CIPDs. Methods A retrospective analysis 92 pediatric young adult patients with hematologic malignancies conducted. Results CIPDs in receiving a treatment regimen prednisolone or dexamethasone 64.9% 77.5%, respectively, both which were significantly higher than not corticosteroids....

Background/Aim: High-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) is pivotal chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with osteosarcoma. Blood concentrations MTX are associated several side effects, but there large individual differences elimination MTX. The aim this study was to explore risk factors for delayed children, adolescents and young adults Patients Methods: We conducted a retrospective on Japanese osteosarcoma who were treated HD-MTX at Kanazawa University Hospital from April 2006 March 2015. Risk...

Bladder cancer patients receiving methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin (MVAC) chemotherapy are co-administered with dexamethasone as an anti-emetic. We examined whether or not affects the severity onset day of MVAC-induced severe neutropenia.This was a retrospective study bladder treated MVAC without antiemetic at Kanazawa University Hospital during January 2005 - December 2009. Patients were categorized into three groups; no use (Dex (-)), on 2 1 day), days 2, 3 4 multiday)....

Vascular pain is a common adverse drug reaction in colorectal cancer patients receiving peripheral venous administration of oxaliplatin. The aim this work was to identify risk factors for vascular pain, and examine whether currently used treatments reduce its incidence. We conducted multicenter retrospective study Japanese effects various (administration analgesics, addition dexamethasone the infusion solution pH adjustment, dilution solution, or use hot gel warming injection site) on...