The effect of red wine (RW), grape juice (RGJ), green tea (GT), and representative polyphenols on Caco-2 cell (65)Zn uptake was explored. RW, RGJ, GT enhanced the zinc from rice matrix. Fractionation RW revealed that enhancing activity exclusively resided in polyphenol fraction. Among tested, only tannic acid quercitin stimulated while others did not influence uptake. In tune with these results, competed zinquin (a selective fluorophore) for vitro. Although all tested appear to enhance...

Significance Statement The arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred vascular access for hemodialysis, but several studies have shown that primary patency rate at 1 year approximately 60%. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) first line of treatment AVF stenosis. However, restenosis after high and PTA in AVFs 6, 12, 24 months 61%, 42%, 35%, respectively. Currently, no durable therapies prolong angioplasty. This paper describes use adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to reduce...

Background Women have decreased hemodialysis arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation and patency rates. We determined the mechanisms responsible for sex‐specific differences in AVF stenosis formation by performing whole transcriptome RNA sequencing with differential gene expression pathway analysis, histopathological changes, vitro cell culture experiments from male female smooth muscle cells. Methods Results Mice chronic kidney disease were used. Outflow veins evaluated expression,...

The kinetics, depletion/repletion of zinc, and effects dietary ligands/food matrices on 65Zn uptake was studied in Caco-2 cells. zinc showed a saturable nonsaturable component, depending upon the media concentrations. Intracellular depletion increased uptake, whereas loading did not. Phytic acid histidine inhibited while tannic acid, tartaric arginine, methionine uptake. Tannic at 1:50 molar ratio promoted from wheat- rice-based food matrices. Further, cells responded similarly with iron...

Abstract We tested the hypothesis that post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) occurs due to increase in transforming growth factor beta ( Tgf-β ) and pSMAD3 signaling a murine model of PC-AKI. Mice had nephrectomy performed twenty-eight days later, 100-μL radio-contrast (Vispaque 320) or saline was administered via jugular vein. Animals were sacrificed at 2, 7, 28 later serum BUN, creatinine, urine protein levels, weights assessed. In human kidney-2 (HK-2) cells, gene expression with...

The molecular mechanism of hemodialysis access arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure due to venous neointimal hyperplasia (VNH) is not known. role microRNA-21 (miR-21) in VNH associated with AVF was investigated by performing vivo and vitro experiments. In situ hybridization results revealed that miR-21 expression increased fibroblasts failed AVFs from patients. a murine model, qRT-PCR gene showed significant increase decrease target genes graft veins (GVs) compared contralateral mouse AVF....

Background Venous neointimal hyperplasia and venous stenosis (VS) formation can result in a decrease arteriovenous fistula (AVF) patency patients with end-stage renal disease. There are limited therapies that prevent VNH/VS. Systemic delivery of simvastatin has been shown to reduce VNH/VS but local may help the side effects associated statin use. We determined if microparticles (MP) composed cyclodextrins loaded (MP-SV) could VS/VNH using murine model chronic kidney Methods Results Male...

Few therapies prevent venous neointimal hyperplasia (VNH) and stenosis (VS) formation in arteriovenous fistulas (AVF). Expression of the immediate early response gene X-1 (Iex-1), also known as Ier3, is associated with VNH murine AVFs. The study aimed to determine if local release Ier3 long-acting inhibitor 1α,25(OH)2D3 from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles embedded a thermosensitive Pluronic F127 hydrogel (1,25 NP) could affect VNH/VS large animal model.Immediately after...

To determine if a second dose of lentivirus mediated small hairpin RNA that inhibits Vegf-A gene expression (LV-shRNA-Vegf-A) can improve lumen vessel area (LVA) the outflow vein an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and decrease venous neointimal hyperplasia.Chronic kidney disease was created in C57BL/6 mice; 28 days later, AVF by connecting right carotid artery to ipsilateral jugular vein. Immediately after creation, 5 × 10(6) plaque-forming units LV-shRNA-Vegf-A or control shRNA administered...

Abstract Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of stenotic arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) is performed to maintain optimal function and patency. The one-year patency rate 60% because venous neointimal hyperplasia (VNH) stenosis (VS) formation. Immediate early response gene X-1 ( Iex-1 ) also known as Ier3 increases in wall shear stress (WSS), can cause VNH/VS formation murine AVF. In human samples from AVFs, we demonstrated increased expression . We hypothesized that 1α,...

Fractalkine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) mediates macrophage infiltration and accumulation, causing venous neointimal hyperplasia (VNH)/venous stenosis (VS) in arteriovenous fistula (AVF). The effect of blocking CX3CR1 using an anti-human variable VHH molecule (hCX3CR1 VHH, BI 655088) on VNH/VS was determined a humanized mouse which the human

Previously, we have demonstrated increased iron absorption from low molecular weight (LMW) human milk whey fractions. In the present study, investigated effect of heat denaturation, zinc (a competitor iron), duodenal cytochrome b (DcytB) antibody neutralization and citrate lyase treatment on LMW fraction (>5 kDa referred as 5kF) induced ferric reduction, solubilization, uptake in Caco-2 cells. Heat denaturation inhibited 5kF reduction. contrast, but not abrogated solubilization activity....

To develop a clinically relevant model of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) venous stenosis in mice with arteriovenous fistula (AVF); to test the hypothesis that there is increased wall shear stress (WSS) after PTA; and histologically characterize vessels. Thirteen C57BL/6J male mice, 6-8 weeks old, underwent partial nephrectomy create chronic kidney disease. Twenty-eight days later, an AVF was created from right external jugular vein left carotid artery. Fourteen or sham procedure...

Failure to mature and venous neointimal hyperplasia formation are the two major causes of hemodialysis arteriovenous fistula (AVF) vascular access failure. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is firstline treatment for both these conditions, but, clinically, women have decreased patency rates compared with men. The hypothesis be tested in present study was that female mice after PTA areas higher intimal thickening increased gene expression transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) TGF-β...

Patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) have arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) genetic mutations involving the activin-A receptor like type 1 (ACVRL1 or ALK1) and endoglin (ENG). Recent studies shown that Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) inhibits ALK1. We investigated expression of NRP-1 in livers patients HHT found there was a significant reduction perivascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). used Nrp1SM22KO mice (Nrp1 ablated SMCs) hemorrhage, increased immune cell infiltration decrease...

Chitosan (CS) and two-dimensional nanomaterial (2D nanomaterials)-based scaffolds have received widespread attention in recent times biomedical applications due to their excellent synergistic potential. CS has garnered much as a scaffold material either alone or combination with some other its favorable physiochemical properties. The emerging 2D nanomaterials, such black phosphorus (BP), molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), etc., taken huge steps towards varying applications. However, the...

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) is a master cytokine which induces expression of chemokines and adhesion molecules, such as intercellular molecule 1 (ICAM-1) vascular cell (VCAM-1), in endothelial cells to initiate the inflammatory response. In this study, we identified neuropilin-1 (NRP1), co-receptor several structurally diverse ligands, modulator TNFα-induced response cells. NRP1 shRNA suppressed TNFα-stimulated leukocyte ICAM-1 VCAM-1 human umbilical vein (HUVECs). Likewise, it reduced...

Abstract Venous neointimal hyperplasia (VNH) at the outflow vein of hemodialysis AVF is a major factor contributing to failure. CorMatrix an extracellular matrix that has been used in cardiovascular procedures primarily as scaffolding during surgery. In present study, we sought determine whether wrapped around arteriovenous fistula (AVF) time creation could reduce VNH. mice, carotid artery ipsilateral jugular was connected create AVF, and scaffold compared control mice received no...

Elevated plasma triglycerides are associated with increased susceptibility to heart disease and stroke, but the mechanisms behind this relationship unclear. A clearer understanding of gene products which influence might help identify new therapeutic targets for these diseases. The Endothelial Cell Surface expressed Chemotaxis apoptosis Regulator (ECSCR) was initially studied as an endothelial cell marker, has recently been identified in white adipocytes, primary storage type triglycerides....