A5002272406- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Nanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Medical Image Segmentation Techniques
Janelia Research Campus
2017-2025
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2017-2025
Imaging Center
2023-2024
Cornell University
2012-2018
Iowa State University
2017
Phenotyping is a critical component of plant research. Accurate and precise trait collection, when integrated with genetic tools, can greatly accelerate the rate gain in crop improvement. However, efficient automatic phenotyping traits across large populations challenge; which further exacerbated by necessity sampling multiple environments growing replicated trials. A promising approach to leverage current advances imaging technology, data analytics machine learning enable automated fast...
Abstract The neural circuits responsible for behavior remain largely unknown. Previous efforts have reconstructed the complete of small animals, with hundreds neurons, and selected larger animals. Here we (the FlyEM project at Janelia collaborators Google) summarize new methods present circuitry a large fraction brain much more complex animal, fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster . Improved include procedures to prepare, image, align, segment, find synapses, proofread such data sets; that...
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer cells kill virus-infected tumor through the polarized release of perforin granzymes. Perforin is a pore-forming toxin that creates lesion in plasma membrane target cell which granzymes enter cytosol initiate apoptosis. Endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) proteins are involved repair small wounds. We found ESCRT were precisely recruited to sites CTL engagement immediately after release. Inhibition machinery...
Vimentin intermediate filaments (VIFs) form complex, tightly packed networks; due to this density, traditional imaging approaches cannot discern single-filament behavior. To address this, we developed and validated a sparse vimentin-SunTag labeling strategy, enabling single-particle tracking of individual VIFs providing sensitive, unbiased, quantitative method for measuring global VIF motility. Using approach, define the steady-state motility rate, showing constant ∼8% undergo directed...
Simplified lipid mixtures are often used to model the complex behavior of cell plasma membrane. Indeed, as few four components—a high-melting lipid, a nandomain-inducing low-melting macrodomain-inducing and cholesterol (chol)—can give rise wide range domain sizes patterns that highly sensitive compositions. Although these systems studied extensively with experiments, molecular-level details governing their phase not yet known. We address this issue by using molecular dynamics simulations...
In the present chapter we discuss complex mixing behaviour of plasma membrane lipids. To do so, first introduce and mixtures often used to model its complexity. We then nature lipid phase in bilayers distinction between these phases other manifestations non-random found one-phase mixtures, such as clusters, micelles microemulsions. Finally, demonstrate applicability Gibbs diagrams study increasingly systems, with a focus on coexistence, morphology their implications for cell membrane.
Chemical neurotransmission constitutes one of the fundamental modalities communication between neurons. Monitoring release these chemicals has traditionally been difficult to carry out at spatial and temporal scales relevant neuron function. To understand chemical more fully, we need improve resolutions measurements for neurotransmitter release. address this, engineered a chemi-sensitive, two-dimensional composite nanofilm that facilitates visualization diffusion neurochemical dopamine with...
Abstract The neural circuits responsible for animal behavior remain largely unknown. We summarize new methods and present the circuitry of a large fraction brain fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Improved include procedures to prepare, image, align, segment, find synapses in, proofread such data sets. define cell types, refine computational compartments, provide an exhaustive atlas examples many them novel. detailed consisting neurons their chemical most central brain. make public simplify...
Cells contain hundreds of different organelle and macromolecular assemblies intricately organized relative to each other meet any cellular demands. Obtaining a complete understanding their organization is challenging requires nanometer-level, threedimensional reconstruction whole cells. Even then, the immense size datasets large number structures be characterized generalizable, automatic methods. To this challenge, we developed an analysis pipeline for comprehensively reconstructing...
Summary Neuronal cell types are the nodes of neural circuits that determine flow information within brain. morphology, especially shape axonal arbor, provides an essential descriptor type and reveals how individual neurons route their output across Despite importance few projection in mouse brain have been reconstructed entirety. Here we present a robust efficient platform for imaging reconstructing complete neuronal morphologies, including arbors span substantial portions We used this to...
The properties of lipid bilayer nanometer-scale domains could be crucial for understanding cell membranes. Fluorescent probes are often used to study bilayers, yet their effects on host lipids not well understood. We molecular dynamics simulations investigate perturbations in a fluid DPPC upon incorporation three indocarbocyanine probes: DiI-C18:0, DiI-C18:2, or DiI-C12:0. find 10-12% decrease chain order the solvation shell nearest probe but smaller subsequent shells, indicating that...
We used coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to examine the effects of transmembrane α-helical WALP peptides on behavior four-component lipid mixtures. These mixtures contain a high-melting temperature (high-Tm) lipid, nanodomain-inducing low-Tm macrodomain-inducing and cholesterol model outer leaflet cell plasma membranes. In series simulations, we incrementally replace by measure how phase properties are altered addition WALPs different length. Regardless ratio two lipids, shorter...
Abstract Vimentin intermediate filaments (VIFs) form complex, tight-packed networks; due to this density, traditional ensemble labeling and imaging approaches cannot accurately discern single filament behavior. To address this, we introduce a sparse vimentin-SunTag strategy unambiguously visualize individual dynamics. This technique confirmed known long-range dynein kinesin transport of peripheral VIFs uncovered extensive bidirectional VIF motion within the perinuclear vimentin network,...
Abstract Dopamine is a key chemical neuromodulator that plays vital roles in various brain functions. Traditionally, neuromodulators like dopamine are believed to be released diffuse manner and not commonly associated with synaptic structures where pre- postsynaptic processes closely aligned. Our findings challenge this conventional view. Using single-bouton optical measurements of release, we discovered predominantly from varicosities juxtaposed against the their target neurons. axons...
Neuronal cell types are the nodes of neural circuits that determine flow information within brain. morphology, especially shape axonal arbor, provides an essential descriptor type and reveals how individual neurons route their output across Despite importance few projection in mouse brain have been reconstructed entirety. Here we present a robust efficient platform for imaging reconstructing complete neuronal morphologies, including arbors span substantial portions We used this to...
Segmentation of mouse brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) based on anatomical and/or functional features is an important step towards morphogenetic structure characterization murine models in neurobiological studies. State-of-the-art image segmentation methods register volumes to standard presegmented templates or well-characterized highly detailed atlases. Performance these depends critically the quality skull-stripping, which digital removal tissue signal exterior brain. This is,...