Sriram Selvaraju
A5045796944- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Misinformation and Its Impacts
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
- Diabetes Management and Education
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis
2016-2025
Indian Council of Medical Research
2011-2023
CPCL Polytechnic College
2021
National Institute of Epidemiology
2014-2021
Ministry of Health
2003
Background & objectives: Population-based seroepidemiological studies measure the extent of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a country. We report findings first round national serosurvey, conducted to estimate seroprevalence among adult population India. Methods: From May 11 June 4, 2020, randomly sampled, community-based survey was 700 villages/wards, selected from 70 districts 21 States India, categorized into four strata based on incidence reported COVID-19 cases. Four hundred adults per...
BackgroundThe first national severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serosurvey in India, done May–June, 2020, among adults aged 18 years or older from 21 states, found a SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody seroprevalence of 0·73% (95% CI 0·34–1·13). We aimed to assess the more recent nationwide general population India.MethodsWe did second household individuals 10 same 700 villages wards within 70 districts India that were included serosurvey. Individuals younger than and...
BackgroundEarlier serosurveys in India revealed seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) 0.73% May–June 2020 and 7.1% August–September 2020. A third serosurvey was conducted between December January 2021 to estimate the SARS-CoV-2 infection among general population healthcare workers (HCWs) India.MethodsThe same 70 districts as first second serosurveys. For each district, at least 400 individuals aged ≥10 years from 100 HCWs subdistrict-level health...
Background India began COVID-19 vaccination in January 2021, initially targeting healthcare and frontline workers. The strategy was expanded a phased manner currently covers all individuals aged 18 years above. experienced severe second wave of during March–June 2021. We conducted fourth nationwide serosurvey to estimate prevalence SARS-CoV-2 antibodies the general population ≥6 workers (HCWs). Methods findings did cross-sectional study between 14 June 6 July 2021 same 70 districts across 20...
Background: In India, a new care package consisting of (i) daily regimen with fixed-dose combination drugs, collected once-a-month and self-administered by the patient, (ii) 'one stop service' at antiretroviral treatment (ART) centre for both HIV tuberculosis (TB) (iii) technology-enabled adherence support (99DOTS, which required patients to give missed phone call after consuming drugs) was piloted TB among HIV-infected patients. Conventional included intermittent (drugs consumed...
<sec><title>BACKGROUND</title>Population-based surveys are crucial for understanding smoking and TB epidemiology.</sec><sec><title>METHODS</title>A sub-national cross-sectional survey was conducted among individuals aged ≥15 years in 180 clusters Southern India.</sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title>Among 130,914 participants included analysis, 117,091 were non-smokers, 5,410 past smokers, 8,413 current smokers. Sixty-two (0.7%) the group, 31 (0.6%) 151 (0.1%) non-smoking group diagnosed with...
Nevirapine (NVP) can be safely and effectively administered once-daily but has not been assessed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with tuberculosis (TB). We studied the safety efficacy of NVP, compared efavirenz (EFV; standard therapy); both drugs were combination 2 nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors.An open-label, noninferiority, randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at 3 sites southern India. HIV-infected TB treated a short-course anti-TB...
Background Burden, phenotype and risk-factors of lung function defects in successfully treated tuberculosis cases are unclear. Methods We performed spirometry with bronchodilators new drug-sensitive adult (≥18 years) pulmonary during the 12 months following successful treatment India. Airflow obstruction was defined as pre-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC<5th percentile Global Lung Initiative mixed-ethnicity reference (lower limit normal [LLN]). Chronic obstructive disease (COPD) post-bronchodilator...
The risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease is higher in individuals with TB infection. In a endemic country like India, it essential to understand the current burden infection at population level. objective present analysis estimate prevalence India and explore factors associated infection.Individuals aged > 15 years recently completed National survey who were tested for by QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) assay considered this sub-analysis. was defined as positive QFT-Plus (value >0.35...
Prevalence surveys and active case findings for tuberculosis (TB) typically use symptoms Chest X-ray screening a diagnostic test microbiological confirmation. We report the performance of tests from state-wide prevalence survey in India. screened 130,932 individuals using chest (CXR) symptom checklist. Sputum samples were obtained eligible participants subjected to Xpert/MTB RIF, smear microscopy, culture. Cough over two weeks had higher sensitivity (41.6%, 95% CI: 31.6–52.1) lower...
The World Health Organization (WHO) recently changed its guidance for tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment (TPT) recommending TPT all pulmonary TB (PTB) exposed household contacts (HHC) to prevent incident disease (iTBD), regardless of infection (TBI) status. However, this recommendation was conditional as the strength evidence not strong. We assessed risk factors iTBD in recently-exposed adult and pediatric Indian HHC, determine which HHC subgroups might benefit most from TPT....
Abstract We conducted a cross-sectional survey to estimate the seroprevalence of IgG against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Chennai, India. Among 12,405 serum samples tested, weighted was 18.4% (95% CI 14.8%–22.6%). These findings indicate most population Chennai is still susceptible this virus.
Introduction There is lack of information on the proportion new smear—positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients treated with a 6-month thrice-weekly regimen under Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) who develop recurrent TB after successful treatment outcome. Objective To estimate recurrence among newly diagnosed PTB have successfully completed and to document endogenous reactivation or re-infection. Risk factors for unfavourable outcomes were determined. Methodology...
<sec><title>BACKGROUND</title>Subnational TB estimates are crucial for making informed decisions to tailor control activities local epidemiology.</sec><sec><title>METHODS</title>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 143,005 individuals in Tamil Nadu, India. Participants were screened symptoms and underwent chest X-ray (CXR). with of and/or abnormal CXR tested using Xpert, smear, liquid culture.</sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title>The prevalence microbiologically confirmed pulmonary...
Household contacts (HHCs) of TB patients are at high risk developing evidence latent infection (LTBI) and active disease from the index patient. We estimated age-specific prevalence LTBI force (FI), as a measure recent transmission, among HHCs patients.
Objectives We verified subnational (state/union territory (UT)/district) claims of achievements in reducing tuberculosis (TB) incidence 2020 compared with 2015, India. Design A community-based survey, analysis programme data and anti-TB drug sales utilisation data. Setting National TB Elimination Program private treatment settings 73 districts that had filed a claim to the Central Division India for progress towards TB-free status. Participants Each district was divided into survey units...
Background Household contacts (HHC) of tuberculosis (TB) patients are at risk TB infection and disease. The study assessed the utility "Household contact card register" for screening HHC pulmonary (PTB) explored reasons not being screened followed-up. Methods was implemented by Health Care Workers (HCW) Control Programme in Chennai District index PTB initiated on treatment between June August, 2018. Contacts were required to be within 2 months initiation patient. Details collected included...
Objectives: This study aimed to measure the mortality rate, potential years of life lost, and excess general among individuals treated for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in a TB endemic country.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on population-based cohort 4022 patients 12,243 gender-matched age-matched controls from prevalence surveys between 20 0 2004 Thiruvallur district Tamil Nadu, South India.Results: The rate 59/10 person-years.The standardized ratio 2.3 (95% CI: 1.7-3.1).The...
The End TB Strategy envisions a world free of tuberculosis-zero deaths, disease and suffering due to tuberculosis by 2035. This requires reducing the global incidence from >1250 cases per million people <100 within next two decades. Expanding testing treatment infection is critical achieving this goal. In high-burden countries, like India, implementation preventive (TPT) remains low priority. analysis article, we explore potential challenges solutions implementing TPT in India. chapter...
Background: The first round of national serosurvey in India was conducted May-June 2020 among adults from 21 States. second August-September to estimate the nationwide seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2 infection general population aged ten years and above. Methods: household individuals above same 700 villages wards 70 districts selected during serosurvey. Blood samples were tested using Abbott IgG assay. Seroprevalence estimated after applying sampling weights adjusting clustering assay...
Background: Repeated cross-sectional serosurveys in the same geographic area establish trend of evolving pandemic. We present findings third round a national serosurvey to estimate seroprevalence SARS-CoV-2 infection among general population and health care workers India. Methods: conducted population-based between Dec 18, 2020 Jan 6, 2021 700 villages or wards from 70 districts 21 states across India, which were selected for first second serosurveys. enrolled each district, at least 400...
Abstract Climate factors such as dew point temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric temperature may be crucial for the spread of tuberculosis. This study was conducted first time to investigate relationship climatic with TB occurrence in an Indian setting. Daily tuberculosis notification data during 2008–2015 were generated from National Treatment Elimination Program, analogous daily obtained Regional Meteorological Centre at Chennai city, Tamil Nadu, India. The decomposition method...