Abstract The late Ming Dynasty Megadrought (LMDMD) (1637–1643) occurred at the end of and is severest drought event in China last millennium. This unprecedented contributed significantly to collapse 1644, casting profound impacts on Chinese history. Here, physical mechanism for LMDMD studied. Based paleoclimate reconstructions, we hypothesize that this was initially triggered by a natural starting 1637 then intensified extended tropical volcanic eruption Mount Parker 1641. hypothesis...

Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology characterized by lymph node enlargement. CD cannot be confirmed preoperative puncture cytology, and definitive diagnosis depends on postoperative histopathology. Due to the lack characteristic clinical manifestations imaging features, in practice, often easily missed or misdiagnosed, it frequently mistaken for lymphoma autoimmune diseases. Cases that coexist with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) are...

We use the Hybrid Gain Analog Offline EnKF (HGAOEnKF) with multiple types of proxy records, to reconstruct temperature, precipitation, and large-scale climate variability during last two millennia. First, a new reanalysis product (NNU-2ka Reanalysis) is generated through HGAOEnKF expanded database. A comparison observed SST shows that our assimilated tropical performs reasonably well for seasonal cycle monthly ENSO characteristics, notably phase-locking onset timing, more realistic spatial...

The variability and mechanisms of multi-decadal megadroughts over eastern China during the last millennium were investigated using a control, full-forcing, four sensitivity experiments from Community Earth System Model (CESM) Last Millennium Ensemble (LME) archive. model simulated have comparable magnitudes durations with those derived reconstructed proxy data, although are not temporally synchronous. In all experiments, exhibit similar spatial structures, corresponding to weakening East...

Abstract The influence and mechanism of volcanic eruptions on decadal megadroughts over eastern China during the last millennium were investigated using a control (CTRL) five eruption sensitivity experiments (VOLC) from Community Earth System Model (CESM) Last Millennium Ensemble (LME) archive. associated with failures East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) are meridional tripole sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in western Pacific equator to high latitudes, suggestive decadal-scale...

Abstract Previous studies show that volcanic eruptions can intensify and extend drought events triggered by internal variability over Eastern China. However, it has remained unclear whether occurring in different phases have impacts. Here, based on multiple reconstructions, simulations, as well sensitivity experiments with forcing imposed the early late of droughts, we propose a nonlinear effect events. Late‐phase exert greater impact persistence intensity while early‐phase induce modest...

Abstract Northern China (35°–50°N; 105°–125°E) has experienced a multidecadal aridification since 1950s, which was mainly manifested by multi‐decadal scale decreases of regional precipitation and soil moisture, brought severe influences on societal economic developments. However, the position this among historical events over northern during last millennium not been fully assessed. Furthermore, contributions from anthropogenic forcings, natural internal variability have quantitatively...

Background Observational studies have reported a possible association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and thyroid autoimmunity. Nevertheless, the relationship autoimmunity MetS remains unclear. The objective of this research was to assess causal impact on through utilization Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology. Methods We performed bidirectional MR elucidate their components (positivity TPOAb). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) its were obtained from publicly available genetic...

In the 21st century, prevalence of tinnitus is increasing, impacting approximately one in five people. It a very complicated condition that significantly affects quality life. Despite availability hundreds treatment options, none are successful. light this, there has been steady increase studies on treatments recent past. To comprehend them better, this study used bibliometric approaches to analyze and summarize century scientific research accomplishments treatment.The Web Science Core...

Abstract In order to understand the pure long‐term influence of single mega volcanic eruption (SMVE) universal significance on global and polar region temperature changes, AD 1258 Samalas in Indonesia which is largest over past millennium selected as an ideal for simulation study based Community Earth System Model. Both reconstructions simulations show that Northern Hemisphere experienced nearly two decades strong cooling after eruption. The significant Arctic lasts 16 years, while Antarctic...

In this study, the role of AD 1258 Samalas mega volcanic eruption in summer hydroclimate change over Europe and corresponding mechanisms are investigated through multi-member ensemble climate simulation experiments based on Community Earth System Model (CESM). The results show that CESM simulations consistent with reconstructed Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) historical records European climate. experiences significant cooling first three years after eruption, peaking at −3.61 °C, −4.02...

Objective To evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the general population China and research on predictive factors HRQoL by using short form 36 item (SF-36) questionnaire. Methods Using large sample data health status cross-section survey from nine provinces municipalities (Jiangsu, Anhui, Gansu, Qinghai, Fujian, Beijing, Jilin, Jiangxi He'nan) December 2005 to January 2007,8448 samples accord with 1% nationwide were randomly selected sex age structures, which could...

To explore the transformational leadership competency of graduates from one medical university in China and its influencing variables.

Thyroid cancer has been on the rise over last decade. Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) accounts for more than half of all cancers. Micropapillary carcinoma is a common but non-fatal form cancer. To better comprehend, nearly two decades scientific outputs were analyzed and summarized using bibliometric methods in this study.Approximately 1098 publications from 2000 2021 included WoS database through systematic retrieval. The general information was characterized, developmental skeleton...

Abstract This study investigates the impact of volcanic eruption on North Atlantic (NA) sea surface temperature (SST) during last millennium based both model simulations and reconstructions. Our focus is two types relations between states SST associated climate variables before after eruption: modulating resetting. Here, means that posterior conditions depend initial volcano‐induced cooling linearly superimposed phases, while resetting are independent from condition. analysis demonstrates...

Abstract Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV) is a cornerstone for decadal prediction and profoundly influences regional global climate variability, yet its fundamental drivers remain an issue debate. Studies suggest that external forcing may have affected AMV during the Little Ice Age (AD 1400–1860). However, detailed mechanism remains elusive, AMV’s centennial to millennial variations over past 2000 years not been explored. We first show proxy-data reconstructions paleo-data...

Abstract Understanding the decadal variability of Northern Hemisphere land monsoon rainfall (NHLMR) is crucial to social‐economic development. However, due temporal limitation instrumental data, relationship between NHLMR and sea surface temperature (SST) remains uncertain. The extended El Niño–Southern Oscillation (XEN) SST index North Atlantic–south Indian Ocean dipole (NAID) can be predictors help us understand SST. In this study, using Community Earth System Model‐Last Millennium...

Abstract Amplified warming over high‐elevation regions has been observed in recent decades, affecting mountain hydrological systems, ecosystems, and socioeconomic development. However, whether natural forcing the past caused similar elevation‐dependent temperature changes is unclear. Because limited observational data constrain our understanding of such corresponding mechanisms, here we use multi‐model long‐term simulations to show that cooling (EDC) occurred after major volcanic eruptions...

Abstract In this study, simulations of 13 all‐forcing experiments from the Community Earth System Model Last Millennium Ensemble (CESM‐LME) archive were used to investigate different spatiotemporal characteristics and corresponding mechanisms decadal megadroughts over eastern China during two typical periods in past millennium, that is, Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) Little Ice Age (LIA). The results show there is no significant difference either megadrought intensity or duration between MCA...

Abstract The simulated spatiotemporal characteristics and variability of decadal megadroughts over the eastern China during last millennium 7 model simulations from Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (PMIP3) archive were assessed, corresponding mechanisms also investigated. megadrought features frequencies, durations, magnitudes spatial distributions compared with reconstructed data. Comparison showed that climate models can reasonably reproduce major megadroughts,...