<h3>Objective</h3> A low FODMAP (Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides And Polyols) diet reduces symptoms of IBS, but reduction potential prebiotic and fermentative effects might adversely affect the colonic microenvironment. The a with typical Australian on biomarkers health were compared in single-blinded, randomised, cross-over trial. <h3>Design</h3> Twenty-seven IBS six healthy subjects randomly allocated one two 21-day provided diets, differing only content (mean...

ABSTRACT Gastrointestinal disturbance is frequently reported for individuals with autism. We used quantitative real-time PCR analysis to quantify fecal bacteria that could influence gastrointestinal health in children and without Lower relative abundances of Bifidobacteria species the mucolytic bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila were found autism, latter suggesting mucus barrier changes.

A recent report indicated that numbers of Sutterella spp. are elevated in gastrointestinal biopsies taken from children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We have recently reported changes the some bacteria within stool ASD children, and now examine whether other mucosa-associated linked disease (Ruminococcus gnavus Ruminococcus torques) also altered these children.We show feces relative to controls, R. torques higher a functional than those without such disorder.We further evidence gut...

Altering FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols) intake has substantial effects on gut microbiota. This study aimed to investigate of altering markers colonic health in patients with Crohn's disease.After evaluation their habitual diet, 9 clinically quiescent disease were randomised 21 days provided low or typical ("Australian") diets ≥21-day washout between. Five-day fecal samples collected at the end each diet analyzed for calprotectin, pH,...

Two allelopathic compounds, a dithiolane and trithiane, have now been isolated from both fresh brackish water Characean species. Bioassay with synthetic 4-methylthio-1,2-dithiolane (1) 5-methylthio-1,2,3-trithiane (2) on epiphytic diatoms lake pond phytoplankton has shown that the trithiane inhibits photosynthesis in concentration of 3[t M. Elemental sulphur, often found when 2 is extracted plants, an even stronger influence than 2. Excretion these compounds Chara will reduce growth explains...

ABSTRACT A nonswarming Serratia liquefaciens mutant deficient in serrawettin W2 production was constructed by transposon mutagenesis. Sequence homology indicated that insertion had occurred gene swrA , which encodes a putative peptide synthetase. Expression of is controlled quorum sensing.

ABSTRACT The molecular diversity of rumen methanogens in sheep Australia was investigated by using individual 16S rRNA gene libraries prepared from the contents obtained six merino grazing pasture (326 clones), fed an oaten hay-based diet (275 and five a lucerne (132 clones). A total 733 clones were examined, analysis revealed 65 phylotypes whose sequences (1,260 bp) similar to those cultivated belonging order Methanobacteriales . Pasture-grazed had more methanogen than either hay or diet....

Pseudomonas fluorescens DR54 showed antagonistic properties against plant pathogenic Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani both in vitro planta. Antifungal activity was extractable from spent growth media, fractionation by semi‐preparative HPLC resulted isolation of an active compound, which identified as a new bacterial cyclic lipodepsipeptide, viscosinamide, using 1D 2D 1H‐, 13C‐NMR mass spectrometry. The antibiotic has biosurfactant but differs the known biosurfactant, viscosin,...

ABSTRACT Cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) with antibiotic and biosurfactant properties are produced by a number of soil bacteria, including fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. To provide new efficient strains for the biological control root-pathogenic fungi in agricultural crops, we isolated approximately 600 from two different soils using three growth media. CLP production was observed large proportion (approximately 60%) inhabiting sandy soil, compared to low 6%) loamy soil. Chemical structure analysis...

Abstract Background Probiotics purportedly reduce symptoms of gastrointestinal and upper respiratory-tract illness by modulating commensal microflora. Preventing reducing respiratory are the primary reason that dietary supplementation with probiotics becoming increasingly popular healthy active individuals. There is a paucity data regarding effectiveness in this cohort. The aim study was to evaluate probiotic on faecal microbiology, self-reported immunity well trained Methods Competitive...

This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota. Rats were fed control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE combination two (RS + GTE). CAC was initiated with 2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections (10mg/kg)...

Epidemiological studies have identified increased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk with high red meat (HRM) intakes, whereas dietary fibre intake appears to be protective. In the present study, we examined whether a HRM diet rectal O(6)-methyl-2-deoxyguanosine (O(6)MeG) adduct levels in healthy human subjects, and butyrylated high-amylose maize starch (HAMSB) was A group of twenty-three individuals consumed 300 g/d cooked without (HRM diet) or 40 HAMSB (HRM+HAMSB over 4-week periods separated by...

<h3>Objective</h3> Colonic fermentation in patients with UC remission was compared that matched healthy subjects on habitual diets and when dietary fibre increased. <h3>Design</h3> Fibre intake, faecal output of (measured as non-starch polysaccharide (NSP)), starch, microbiota products, whole gut transit time (WGTT) were assessed association diet intake wheat bran (WB)-associated high amylose-associated resistant starch (RS) increased an 8-week, randomised, single-blind, cross-over study....

Abstract Metabarcoding of environmental DNA (eDNA) when coupled with high throughput sequencing is revolutionising the way biodiversity can be monitored across a wide range applications. However, large number tools deployed in downstream bioinformatic analyses often places challenge configuration and maintenance workflow, consequently limits research reproducibility. Furthermore, scalability needs to considered handle growing amount data due increase sequence output scale project. Here, we...

Abstract Associations between the human gut microbiome and health outcomes continues to be of great interest, although fecal sample collection methods which impact studies are sometimes neglected. Here, we expand on previous work in optimization, promote high quality data. To compare methods, amplicons from bacterial 16S rRNA gene (V4) fungal (ITS2) region, as well short chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations were determined material over three timepoints. We demonstrated that spot sampling...

Background & Aims Improving maternal gut health in pregnancy and lactation is a potential strategy to improve immune metabolic offspring curtail the rising rates of inflammatory diseases linked alterations microbiota. Here, we investigate effects prebiotic supplement (galacto-oligosaccharides fructo-oligosaccharides), ingested daily from <21 weeks' gestation six months' post-partum, double-blinded, randomised placebo-controlled trial. Methods Stool samples were collected at multiple...

Journal Article Structure, production characteristics and fungal antagonism of tensin – a new antifungal cyclic lipopeptide from Pseudomonas fluorescens strain 96.578 Get access T.H. Nielsen, Nielsen Section Genetics Microbiology, Department Ecology, The Royal Veterinary Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Thrane, Thrane Christophersen, Christophersen Marine Chemistry Section, H.C. Ørsted Institute, University...

Animal studies show that diets containing resistant starch (RS) at levels not achievable in the human diet result lower body weight and/or adiposity rodents. We aimed to determine whether RS dose-dependently reduces obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats. Male Sprague–Dawley rats (n=120) were fed a moderate-fat, high-energy for 4 wk. Rats gained most (40%) classified as 40% least weight. OP OR randomly allocated one of six groups (n=8 each phenotype). One group was killed...

Abstract Background The Paleolithic diet is promoted worldwide for improved gut health. However, there little evidence available to support these claims, with existing literature examining anthropometric and cardiometabolic outcomes. Objective To determine the association between dietary intake, markers of colonic health, microbiota, serum trimethylamine- N -oxide (TMAO), a gut-derived metabolite associated cardiovascular disease. Design In cross-sectional design, long-term ( n = 44, &gt; 1...

Bile acids (BAs) are synthesized by the liver and modified gut bacteria, may play an intermediary role between microbiome in promoting fibrosis non-alcoholic fatty disease (NAFLD). We investigated associations serum faecal BAs, patients with without NAFLD examined impact of diet alcohol consumption on these relationships.Adult (n = 122) underwent biopsy BAs characterization high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Gut composition was analysed using next-generation 16S rRNA...