A5017453402- Gut microbiota and health
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Microscopic Colitis
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Colorectal Cancer Surgical Treatments
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Scientific Computing and Data Management
- Data Analysis with R
- Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- Research Data Management Practices
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Medical and Biological Ozone Research
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Neutropenia and Cancer Infections
- TGF-β signaling in diseases
Seres Therapeutics (United States)
2024
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2012-2023
University of Michigan
2010-2022
University of Florida
2013-2022
Michigan United
2020
Florida College
2018
Of Microbes and Cancer Inflammation is a well-established driver of tumorigenesis. For example, patients with inflammatory bowel disease have an elevated risk developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Whether the gut microbiota also contributes to development CRC less well understood. Arthur et al. (p. 120 , published online 16 August; see Perspective by Schwabe Wang ) now show that does indeed promote tumorigenesis in inflammation-driven model mice. Although germ-free mice were protected against...
Campylobacter jejuni produces a genotoxin, cytolethal distending toxin (CDT), which has DNAse activity and causes DNA double-strand breaks. Although C. infection been shown to promote intestinal inflammation, the impact of this bacterium on carcinogenesis never examined.Germ-free (GF) ApcMin/+ mice, fed with 1% dextran sulfate sodium, were used test tumorigenesis potential CDT-producing jejuni. Cells enteroids exposed bacterial lysates determine damage capacity via γH2AX immunofluorescence,...
Abstract Inflammation and microbiota are critical components of intestinal tumorigenesis. To dissect how the contributes to tumor distribution, we generated germ-free (GF) ApcMin/+and ApcMin/+;Il10−/− mice exposed them specific-pathogen-free (SPF) or colorectal cancer-associated bacteria. We found that colon tumorigenesis significantly correlated with inflammation in SPF-housed ApcMin/+;Il10−/−, but not ApcMin/+mice. In contrast, small neoplasia development age both ApcMin/+ mice. GF...
Mucus-invasive bacterial biofilms are identified on the colon mucosa of approximately 50% colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 13% healthy subjects. Here, we test hypothesis that human comprise microbial communities carcinogenic in CRC mouse models. Homogenates biofilm-positive were prepared from tumor (tumor paired normal tissues surgical resections) or biopsies individuals undergoing screening colonoscopy; homogenates biofilm-negative colonoscopy served as controls. After 12 weeks,...
Defining the complex role of microbiome in colorectal cancer and discovery novel, protumorigenic microbes are areas active investigation. In present study, culturing reassociation experiments revealed that toxigenic strains Clostridioides difficile drove tumorigenic phenotype a subset patient-derived mucosal slurries germ-free ApcMin/+ mice. Tumorigenesis was dependent on C. toxin TcdB associated with induction Wnt signaling, reactive oxygen species, immune responses marked by infiltration...
Although probiotics have shown success in preventing the development of experimental colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CRC), beneficial effects interventional treatment are relatively unknown. Here we show that with VSL#3 probiotic alters luminal and mucosally-adherent microbiota, but does not protect against inflammation or tumorigenesis azoxymethane (AOM)/Il10−/− mouse model CRC. (109 CFU/animal/day) significantly enhanced tumor penetrance, multiplicity, histologic dysplasia scores...
Neutrophils serve critical roles in inflammatory responses to infection and injury, mechanisms governing their activity represent attractive targets for controlling inflammation. The commensal microbiota is known regulate the of neutrophils other leucocytes intestine, but systemic impact on remains unknown. Here we utilized vivo imaging gnotobiotic zebrafish reveal diverse effects colonization neutrophil development function. presence a resulted increased number myeloperoxidase expression,...
Bacteria and bacterial biofilms have been implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC), but it is still unclear what genes these microbial communities express how they influence the host. MicroRNAs regulate host gene expression explored as potential biomarkers for CRC. An emerging area of research ability microRNAs to impact growth members intestinal microbiota. This study examined bacteria transcriptome associated with microbes derived from biofilm-positive human cancers that promoted...
Lactate Dehydrogenase 1 (Ldh1) is a key enzyme involved in Staphylococcus aureus NO·-resistance. Full ldh1-induction requires the presence of glucose, and mutants lacking Carbon-Catabolite Protein (CcpA) exhibit decreased ldh1 transcription diminished Ldh1 activity. The redox-regulator Rex represses directly by binding to Rex-sites within promoter (Pldh1). In absence Rex, neither glucose nor CcpA affect expression implying that glucose/CcpA-mediated activation Rex-mediated repression depends...
The gut microbiota has a key role in determining susceptibility to Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs). However, much of the mechanistic work examining CDIs mouse models uses animals obtained from single source. We treated mice 6 sources (2 University Michigan colonies and 4 commercial vendors) with clindamycin, followed by C. challenge, then measured colonization levels throughout infection. were profiled via 16S rRNA gene sequencing examine variation across alterations due...
Antibiotics are a major risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) because of their impact on the microbiota. However, nonantibiotic medications such as ubiquitous osmotic laxative polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG 3350) also alter Clinicians hypothesize that PEG helps clear C. difficile. But whether impacts CDI susceptibility and clearance is unclear. To examine how susceptibility, we treated C57BL/6 mice with 5-day 1-day doses 15% in drinking water then challenged 630. We used...
Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co , Inc Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America Affiliation: Department Microbiology and Immunology, University Michigan, Ann Arbor, ORCID logo http://orcid org/0000-0003-3140-537X Patrick D Schloss * E-mail: pschloss@umich edu org/0000-0002-6935-4275 Introduction For most biologists, the ability to generate data has outpaced analyze those In addition building upon material from traditional coursework staying current on literature, Journal...
Antibiotics are the primary risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs), but other factors may also increase a person’s risk. In epidemiological studies, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use has been associated with CDI incidence and recurrence. PPIs have alterations in human intestinal microbiota observational interventional studies. We evaluated effects of PPI omeprazole on structure murine its ability to disrupt colonization resistance C. . found treatment had minimal impact...
Inspired by well-established material and pedagogy provided The Carpentries (Wilson, 2016), we developed a two-day workshop curriculum that teaches introductory R programming for managing, analyzing, plotting reporting data using packages from the tidyverse (Wickham et al., 2019), Unix shell, version control with git, GitHub. While official Software Carpentry is comprehensive, found it contains too much content workshop. We also felt independent nature of lessons left learners confused about...