A5047621645- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- History of Medicine Studies
- Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
University of Ljubljana
2015-2025
Celica (Slovenia)
2018-2025
Institute of Oncology Ljubljana
2016
Abstract When the brain is in a pathological state, content of lipid droplets (LDs), storage organelles, increased, particularly glial cells, but rarely neurons. The biology and mechanisms leading to LD accumulation astrocytes, cells with key homeostatic functions, are poorly understood. We imaged fluorescently labeled LDs by microscopy isolated tissue rat astrocytes glia‐like Drosophila determine (sub)cellular localization, mobility, under various stress conditions characteristic for...
Octopamine in the Drosophila brain has a neuromodulatory role similar to that of noradrenaline mammals. After release from Tdc2 neurons, octopamine/tyramine may trigger intracellular Ca We expressed Octopamine-stimulated In optic lobes, astrocytes, not appear be sole responders low concentration octopamine signals, and therefore likely drive synaptic plasticity visual processing. Given interconnectivity lobes with other regions, octopaminergic signals acting through lobe astrocytes also...
Besides being a neuronal fuel, L-lactate is also signal in the brain. Whether extracellular affects brain metabolism, particular astrocytes, abundant neuroglial cells, which produce aerobic glycolysis, unclear. Recent studies suggested that astrocytes express low levels of GPR81 receptor (EC50 ≈ 5 mM) fat cells part an autocrine loop, Gi-protein mediates reduction cytosolic cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). To study whether similar signaling loop present affecting we measured cAMP,...
Abstract Most cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have cytoplasmic inclusions TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in neurons non-neuronal cells, including astrocytes, which metabolically support with nutrients. Neuronal metabolism largely depends on the activation noradrenergic system releasing noradrenaline. Activation astroglial adrenergic receptors noradrenaline triggers cAMP Ca 2+ signaling augments aerobic glycolysis production lactate, an...
Edema in the central nervous system can rapidly result life‐threatening complications. Vasogenic edema is clinically manageable, but there no established medical treatment for cytotoxic edema, which affects astrocytes and a primary trigger of acute post‐traumatic neuronal death. To test hypothesis that adrenergic receptor agonists, including stress stimulus epinephrine protects neural parenchyma from damage, we characterized its effects on hypotonicity‐induced cellular cortical by vivo vitro...
Astroglial aerobic glycolysis, a process during which d-glucose is converted to l-lactate, brain fuel and signal, regulated by the plasmalemmal receptors, including adrenergic receptors (ARs) purinergic (PRs), modulating intracellular Ca2+ cAMP signals. However, extent two signals regulate astroglial glycolysis poorly understood. By using agonists stimulate α1-/β-AR-mediated Ca2+/cAMP signals, β-AR-mediated P2R-mediated genetically encoded fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based glucose...
Severe coronavirus infections, including SARS-CoV-2, can cause neurological symptoms, but the underlying neurotropic mechanisms are unclear. Experiments with SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.258.17, B.1.1.7, and BA.5.3.2 (termed wild-type, alpha omicron, respectively) revealed that human astrocytes, not neurons, support viral proliferation. During COVID-19 pandemic, new virus exhibited milder disease progression. A retrospective study of patients infected by wild-type or was conducted to test whether...
Abstract Ketamine is an antidepressant with rapid therapeutic onset and long-lasting effect, although the underlying mechanism(s) remain unknown. Using FRET-based nanosensors we found that ketamine increases [cAMP] i in astrocytes. Membrane capacitance recordings, however, reveal fundamentally distinct mechanisms of effects on vesicular secretion: a rise facilitated, whereas inhibited exocytosis. By directly monitoring cholesterol-rich membrane domains fluorescently tagged...
G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of cell surface that play critical role in nervous system function by transmitting signals between cells and their environment. They involved many, if not all, processes, dysfunction has been linked to various neurological disorders representing important drug targets. This overview emphasises the GPCRs system, which research focus members ERNEST COST action (CA18133) working group ‘Biological roles signal transduction’. First,...
GDI1 gene encodes for αGDI, a protein controlling the cycling of small GTPases, reputed to orchestrate vesicle trafficking. Mutations in human are responsible intellectual disability (ID). In mice with ablated Gdi1, model ID, impaired working and associative short-term memory was recorded. This cognitive phenotype worsens if deletion αGDI expression is restricted neurons. However, whether astrocytes, key homeostasis providing neuroglial cells, supporting neurons via aerobic glycolysis,...
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent a family with over 800 members in humans, and one-third of these are targets for approved drugs. A large number GPCRs have unknown physiologic roles. Here, we investigated GPR27, an orphan GPCR belonging to the super conserved receptor expressed brain, functions. Cytosolic levels L-lactate ([lactate]i), end product aerobic glycolysis, were measured Laconic fluorescence resonance energy transfer nanosensor. In single 3T3 wild-type (WT) embryonic...
Abstract The plasticity of astrocytes is fundamental for their principal function, maintaining homeostasis the central nervous system throughout life, and associated with diverse exposomal challenges. Here, we used cultured to investigate at subcellular level basic cell processes under controlled environmental conditions. We compared astroglial functional signaling in standard serum‐containing growth medium, a condition mimicking pathologic conditions, medium without serum, favoring...
Možganski edem se pojavi pri različnih patologijah možganov (npr. možganske poškodbe, ishemije, okužbe) in lahko privede do hudih okvar možganov, tudi smrti. Zanj je značilno prekomerno kopičenje vode v znotrajceličnem zunajceličnem prostoru, ki posledica porušene ionske homeostaze, predvsem ionov Na+. Ta ustvarja osmotski gradient, prvi stopnji edema usmerja tok iz zunajceličnega prostora celice, kar povzroča nabrekanje celic (celični ali citotoksični edem). V kasnejših stopnjah pa gradient...