A5006476675- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Hepatitis C virus research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Neurological and metabolic disorders
- Sex and Gender in Healthcare
Stellenbosch University
2013-2025
Tygerberg Hospital
2020-2025
National Centre for Infectious Diseases
2012
Abstract Background Children seem relatively protected from serious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–related disease, but little is known about children living in settings with high tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden. This study reflects clinical data on South African SARS-CoV-2. Methods We collected of aged <13 years laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 presenting to Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, between 17 April 24 July 2020. Results...
Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) whole genome sequencing (WGS) is currently limited as the DNA viral loads (VL) of many clinical samples are below threshold required to generate full genomes using current methods. We developed two pan-genotypic enrichment methods, probe-based capture and tiled amplicon PCR (HEP-TILE) for HBV WGS. demonstrate mock that both methods (genotypes A-J). Using samples, we HEP-TILE amplification successfully amplifies at lowest VL tested (30 IU/ml), products can be...
Abstract Background Tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD) is widely prescribed worldwide. We report virologic and resistance outcomes for patients initiating or switching to TLD. Methods A prospective observational study was performed at 13 AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) sites in six PEPFAR-supported countries coincident with TLD rollout. This includes results from two groups: Gp1 were virally suppressed on NNRTI-based ART Gp2 ART-naïve initiation. The primary objective estimate the...
Current antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence monitoring is premised on patients' self-reported behaviour (prone to recall error) and verified by blood viral load measurement (which can delay results). A newly developed Urine Tenofovir Rapid Assay (UTRA) assesses tenofovir in urine at point-of-care a novel tool test immediately respond levels of people living with HIV (PLHIV). We explored PLHIV health workers' initial perceptions about integrating the UTRA into routine medical care for...
Data on the effect of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) cervical human papilloma virus (HPV) infection are both limited and conflicting. We aimed to determine initiation cART for HPV genotype detection samples in HIV-infected South African women.Prospective cohort study.Generalized estimating equation was performed estimate parameters mixed-effects logistic regression models risk, adjusting time-dependent covariates CD4 T-cell count, sexual activity excision treatment. Ratio odds...
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is widely recommended for treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection because it safe, affordable and has a high genetic barrier to resistance. TDF resistance associated mutations (RAMs) have been reported, but data are limited, particularly Africa. We set out identify potential RAMs in individuals with detectable HBV viraemia on treatment.
Physiological changes during pregnancy may alter the pharmacokinetics (PK) of antituberculosis drugs. The International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Network P1026s was a multicenter, phase IV, observational, prospective PK and safety study antiretroviral drugs administered as part clinical care in pregnant persons living with without HIV. We assessed effects on rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide postpartum (PP) HIV treated for drug-susceptible tuberculosis...
ObjectivesPrompted by international targets for elimination of hepatitis B virus (HBV), we set out to characterise individuals with HBV monoinfection vs. those coinfected HBV/HIV, evaluate the impact therapy and guide improvements in clinical care.MethodsWe report observational data from a real world cross-sectional cohort 115 adults chronic infection (CHB), at university hospital Cape Town, South Africa. HIV coinfection was present 39 (34%) subjects. We recorded demographic, laboratory...
Access to viral load measurements is constrained in resource-limited settings. A lateral flow urine tenofovir (TFV) rapid assay (UTRA) for patients whose regimens include TFV offers an affordable approach frequent adherence monitoring.We conducted a cross-sectional study of assess the utility UTRA predict virologic failure, defined as greater than 400 copies/ml.We assessed among 113 participants at increased risk failure (who had previous on this regimen or previously been ≥30 days out...
This study aimed to investigate the progression and persistence of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women.Study participants for this retrospective cohort were 1,720 women who had LSIL as their first abnormal Pap smear. A comparison survival without high-grade SIL progression-free time clearance lesion was done HIV-positive, HIV-negative, or unknown status using Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards...
People with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) face increased risks for heart failure and adverse outcomes. Myocardial steatosis predisposes to diastolic dysfunction, a precursor. We aimed characterize myocardial associated potential risk factors among subset of the Randomized Trial Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE) participants.Eighty-two PWH without known successfully underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance spectroscopy, yielding data on intramyocardial triglyceride (IMTG)...
The high cost of viral load (VL) testing limits its use for antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence support. A low-cost lateral flow urine tenofovir (TFV) rapid assay predicts pre-exposure prophylaxis breakthroughs, but has not yet been investigated in HIV treatment. We therefore evaluated utility a pilot cross-sectional study TFV-containing ART recipients at an increased risk virologic failure (VF). Participants who had treatment interruption ≥30 days or ≥1 episode viremia (VL ≥400...
While many countries are preparing to face the COVID-19 pandemic, reported cases in Africa remain low. With a high burden of both communicable and non-communicable disease resource-constrained public healthcare system, sub-Saharan is for coming crisis as best it can. We describe our early response designated provincial hospital Cape Town, South (SA).While first were related international travel, at time writing there was evidence community spread. The SA government announced countrywide...
Abstract Introduction ACTG A5288 was a strategy trial conducted in diverse populations from multiple continents of people living with HIV (PLWH) failing second‐line protease inhibitor (PI)‐based antiretroviral therapy (ART) 10 low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Participants resistant to lopinavir (LPV) and/or nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors started on third‐line regimens that included raltegravir (RAL), darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) etravirine (ETR) according their...
To determine factors that influence excision treatment outcome and recurrence of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) in women living with HIV infection, we analysed 1848 who underwent SIL at Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. We compared failure defined as presence neoplasia (CIN) I (presence CIN or higher first follow-up after treatment) post-excision (at one year later) between HIV-positive, -negative unknown status examined associated recurrence. HIV-infected...
High profile international goals have been set for the elimination of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection as a public health threat by year 2030. Developing and expanding equitable, accessible translational HBV research programmes that represent real-world populations are therefore an urgent priority clinical academic communities. We present experiences insights expert interdisciplinary group focusing on barriers impede adults living with from participating in studies. Our viewpoint describes...
Objective In AIDS Clinical Trials Group study A5375, a pharmacokinetic trial of levonorgestrel emergency contraception, double-dose (3 mg, versus standard dose 1.5 mg) offset the induction effects efavirenz or rifampin on plasma exposure over 8 h post-dose (AUC 0-8h ). We characterized pharmacogenetics these interactions. Methods Cisgender women receiving efavirenz- dolutegravir-based HIV therapy, isoniazid-rifampin for tuberculosis, were followed after single oral levonorgestrel. Linear...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) whole genome sequencing (WGS) is currently limited as the DNA viral loads (VL) of many clinical samples are below threshold required to generate full genomes using current methods. We developed two pan-genotypic enrichment methods, probe-based capture and tiled amplicon PCR (HEP-TILE) for HBV WGS. demonstrate mock that both methods (genotypes A-J). Using samples, we HEP-TILE amplification successfully amplifies at lowest VL tested (30 IU/ml), products can be sequenced...