A5021532425- HIV Research and Treatment
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Xenotransplantation and immune response
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Histiocytic Disorders and Treatments
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Microbial infections and disease research
University College London
2012-2022
University of Cambridge
2016
Institute of Cancer Research
1991-2015
Medical Research Council
1978-2014
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
1998-2014
Institute of Infection and Immunity
2014
Google (United States)
2013
MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology
2010-2012
Oregon State University
2010
St George's Hospital
2006
Four virus proteins similar to two human macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP) chemokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interferon regulatory factor (IRF) are encoded by the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) genome. vIL-6 was functional in B9 proliferation assays primarily expressed KSHV-infected hematopoietic cells rather than KS lesions. HIV-1 transmission studies showed that vMIP-I is MIP chemokines its ability inhibit replication of strains dependent on CCR5 co-receptor. These...
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8, also called KSHV) is linked to the etiopathogenesis of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman’s disease (MCD), and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). The universal presence HHV-8 in early KS has not yet been shown. We used a mAb (LN53) against latent nuclear antigen-1 (LNA-1) encoded by ORF73 study distribution cell types latently infected patch, plaque, nodular KS, MCD, PEL. In present <10% cells forming walls ectatic vessels. surrounding slit-like...
Novel retroviral protein expression constructs were designed to retain minimal sequences and express dominant selectable markers by reinitiation of translation after the viral genes. HT1080 cells selected as producer for their ability release high-titer viruses that are resistant inactivation human serum. Two HT1080-based packaging cell lines which produce Moloney murine leukemia virus cores with envelope glycoproteins either amphotropic (FLYA13 line) or cat endogenous RD114 (FLYRD18...
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human 8, may be the infectious cause of KS. Its prevalence in general population, on basis detection virus genome, is controversial. To investigate seroprevalence, we measured antibodies to a recombinant capsid-related (lytic cycle) KSHV antigen and latent complex.We selected potentially immunoreactive proteins by expressing them testing western blot assays. We used truncated protein encoded open reading frame 65 (orf 65) develop...
The CD4 antigen is the high affinity cellular receptor for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). Binding of recombinant soluble (sCD4) or purified V1 domain sCD4 to surface glycoprotein gp120 on virions resulted in rapid dissociation from its complex with transmembrane gp41. This may represent initial stage virus-cell and cell-cell fusion. Shedding induced by also contribute mechanism which these molecules neutralize HIV-1.
Abstract Effective vaccines should confer long-term protection against future outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by a novel zoonotic coronavirus (SARS-CoV) with unknown animal reservoirs. We conducted cohort study examining multiple parameters immune responses to SARS-CoV infection, aiming identify the correlates protection. used matrix overlapping peptides spanning whole proteome determine T cell from 128 SARS convalescent samples ex vivo IFN-γ ELISPOT assays....
Unique among known human herpesviruses, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV-8) encodes chemokine-like proteins (vMIP-I and vMIP-II). vMIP-II was shown to block infection of immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) on a CD4-positive cell line expressing CCR3 lesser extent one CCR5, whereas both vMIP-I partially inhibited HIV peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Like eotaxin, activated chemoattracted eosinophils by way CCR3. vMIP-II, but not cellular MIP-1alpha RANTES, were highly...
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the etiologic agent of AIDS. HIVs are enveloped plus-stranded RNA viruses. HIV genome organized similarly to other retroviruses. It contains gag, pol, and env genes which encode structural proteins, viral enzymes, envelope glycoproteins, respectively. major proteins encoded by gag gene include p17, p24, p7, p9. Replication begins with attachment target cell via interaction gp120 cellular receptor CD4. Both HIV-1 HIV-2 have same modes transmission....
The target of neutralizing antibodies that protect against influenza virus infection is the viral protein HA. Genetic and antigenic variation in HA has been used to classify viruses into subtypes (H1-H16). antibody response thought be specific for a few antigenically related isolates within given subtype. However, while heterosubtypic capable multiple have recently isolated from phage display libraries, it not known whether such are produced course an immune or vaccine. Here we report that,...
Background The isolation of human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that neutralize a broad spectrum primary HIV-1 isolates and the characterization neutralizing antibody B cell response to infection are important goals central design an effective antibody-based vaccine. Methods Findings We immortalized IgG+ memory cells from individuals infected with diverse clades selected on basis plasma neutralization profiles were cross-clade relatively potent. Culture supernatants screened using various...
Recent interest in the use of porcine organs, tissues, and cells for xenotransplantation to humans has highlighted need characterize properties pig endogenous retroviruses (PERVs). Analysis a variety allowed us isolate identify three classes infectious type C retrovirus (PERV-A, PERV-B, PERV-C) which have distinct env genes but highly homologous sequences rest genome. To study these genes, expression plasmids were constructed used generate vectors bearing corresponding Env proteins. Host...
The CD4 (or T4) surface antigen of human T lymphocytes is an important part the receptor for immunodeficiency virus (HIV). After binding to receptor, HIV may enter cell and induce formation syncytia. In attempt identify site more closely, monoclonal antibodies (Mab's) were tested their ability block infection in a syncytium assay, epitopes so identified mapped by antibody cross-blocking. that showed strong inhibition fell into two main families while third group Mab's blocked syncytia weakly...