The gut microbiota is vital for human body development and function. Its in early life influenced by various environmental factors. In this randomized controlled trial, the was obtained as a secondary outcome measure study on effects of one hour daily skin-to-skin contact (SSC) five weeks healthy full-term infants. Specifically, we studied alpha/beta diversity, volatility, maturation, bacterial gut-brain-axis-related functional abundances assessed thrice first year. Pregnant Dutch women (n =...

Abstract Major alterations in metabolism occur during pregnancy enabling the mother to provide adequate nutrients support infant development, affecting birth weight (BW) and potentially long-term risk of obesity cardiometabolic disease. We classified dynamic changes maternal lipidome identified lipids associated with Fenton BW z-score umbilical cord blood (CB) lipidome. Lipidomics was performed on first trimester plasma (M1), delivery (M3), CB 106 mother-infant dyads. Shifts were consistent...

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), estimated by maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max) during exercise, is worsening among adolescents and associated with a decline in metabolic health into adulthood. Glycemic patterns may provide mechanism between CRF health. This study assessed the feasibility of measuring glycemic using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) adolescents, aged 14-22 y, to estimate relationship VO2 max patterns. Healthy (n = 30) were recruited for treadmill test complete following...

Bariatric surgery is associated with weight loss attributed to reduced caloric intake, mechanical changes, and alterations in gut hormones. However, some studies have suggested a heightened incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been bariatric surgery, emphasizing the importance identifying mechanisms risk. The objective this study was determine if decreases fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), group bacterial metabolites fiber. Fecal samples (n = 22) were collected pre- (~6 weeks)...

As the incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is occurring at a younger age, studying adolescent nutrient metabolism can provide insights on development T2D. Metabolic challenges, including an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) assess effects perturbations in metabolism. Here, we present alterations global metabolome response to OGTT, classifying influence insulin resistance (IR) adolescents that arrived clinic fasted random-fed state. Participants were recruited as lean (n = 55,...

Abstract Context A person’s intrinsic metabolism, reflected in the metabolome, may describe relationship between nutrient intake and metabolic health. Objectives Untargeted metabolomics was used to identify metabolites associated with Path analysis classified how habitual dietary influences body mass index z-score (BMIz) insulin resistance (IR) through changes metabolome. Design Data on anthropometry, fasting metabolites, C-peptide, were collected from 108 girls 98 boys aged 8 14 years....

Liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS), as applied to untargeted metabolomics, enables the simultaneous detection of thousands small molecules, generating complex datasets. Alignment is a crucial step in data processing pipelines, whereby LC-MS features derived from common ions are assembled into unified matrix amenable further analysis. Variability analytical factors that influence liquid chromatography separations complicates alignment. This prominent when...

Common dysglycemia measurements including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), oral tolerance test (OGTT)-derived 2 h glucose, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) have limitations for children. Dynamic OGTT insulin responses may better reflect underlying physiology. This analysis assessed curve shapes utilizing classifications—biphasic, monophasic, or monotonically increasing—and functional principal components (FPCs) to predict future dysglycemia. The prospective cohort included 671 participants with no...

Insulin sensitivity and secretion indices can be useful tools in understanding insulin homeostasis children at risk for diabetes. There have been few studies examining the reproducibility of these measures pediatrics.

Summary Background Alterations in body composition (BC) during adolescence relates to future metabolic risk, yet underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Objectives To assess the association between metabolome with changes adiposity (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], triceps skinfold [TS], fat percentage [BF%]) and muscle (MM). Methods In Mexican adolescents ( n = 352), untargeted serum metabolomics was profiled at baseline. data were reduced by pairing hierarchical clustering...

Aim: To classify the association between maternal lipidome and DNA methylation in cord blood leukocytes. Materials & methods: Untargeted lipidomics was performed on first trimester plasma (M1) delivery (M3) 100 mothers from Michigan Mother-Infant Pairs cohort. Cord leukocyte profiled using Infinium EPIC bead array empirical Bayes modeling identified differential related to lipid groups. Results: M3-saturated lysophosphatidylcholine associated with 45 differentially methylated loci...

Untargeted liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry metabolomics studies are typically performed under roughly identical experimental settings. Measurements acquired with different LC-MS protocols or following extended time intervals harbor significant variation in retention times and spectral abundances due to altered chromatographic, spectrometric, other factors, raising many data analysis challenges. We developed a computational workflow for merging harmonizing disparate conditions. Plasma...

Systematic and random errors based on self-reported diet may bias estimates of dietary intake. The objective this pilot study was to describe in intake by comparing 24 h recalls provided menu items a controlled feeding study. This parallel randomized block design consisting standard (STD; 15% protein, 50% carbohydrate, 35% fat) followed either high-fat (HF; 25% 60% or high-carbohydrate (HC; 75% 10% diet. During the intervention, participants reported recalls. Participants included 12 males...

Abstract Obesity and metabolic diseases are rising among women of reproductive age, increasing offspring risk. Maternal nutritional interventions during lactation present an opportunity to modify outcomes. We previously demonstrated in mice that adult male have impairments increased adipose tissue macrophages (ATM) when dams fed high fat diet (HFD) the postnatal window (HFD PN). sought understand effect HFD on early-life inflammation. PN were evaluated at day 16 19 for weight gene...

Background Prenatal phthalates exposures have been related to adiposity in peripuberty a sex-specific fashion. Untargeted metabolomics analysis assess circulating metabolites offers the potential characterize biochemical pathways by which early life influence development of cardiometabolic risk during childhood and adolescence, prior becoming evident clinical markers. Methods Among mother-child dyads from Early Life Exposure Mexico ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) birth cohort, we measured...

Modern analytical methods allow for the simultaneous detection of hundreds metabolites, generating increasingly large and complex data sets. The analysis metabolomics is a multi-step process that involves processing normalization, followed by statistical analysis. One biggest challenges in linking alterations metabolite levels to specific biological processes are disrupted, contributing development disease or reflecting state. A common approach accomplishing this goal pathway mapping...

Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, influence gene expression and cardiometabolic phenotypes that are manifest in developmental periods later life, including adolescence. Untargeted metabolomics analysis provide a comprehensive snapshot of physiological processes metabolism have been related to methylation adults, offering insights into the regulatory networks cellular processes. We analyzed cross-sectional correlation blood leukocyte with 3758 serum metabolite features (574...

Introduction: Test performance screening measures for dysglycemia have not been evaluated prospectively in youth. This study the prospective test of random glucose (RG), 1-h nonfasting challenge (1-h GCT), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fructosamine (FA), and 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) identifying dysglycemia. Methods: Youth ages 8–17 years with overweight or obesity (body mass index, BMI, ≥85th percentile) without known diabetes completed tests at baseline (n = 176) returned an average 1.1 later...

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of persistent synthetic chemicals that found in human milk associated with negative health effects. Research suggests PFAS affect both lactation the metabolome. Methods: We measured perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) 425 participants from New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A nontargeted metabolomics assay was performed LC high-resolution...

Objective To use metabolomics data quantified on an untargeted platform to identify metabolic alterations associated with obesity during childhood, and examine the relations of these metabolite patterns conventional cardiometabolic biomarkers. Methods Untargeted metabolomic features were analyzed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry in fasting serum from 250 children enrolled Early Life Exposure Mexico ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) Project, a birth cohort study. ELEMENT...