Bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms markedly increase the rates of treatment failure and death. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis to identify risk factors for mortality in adult in-patients with BSI ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-BSI). Particular attention was focused on defining impact inadequate initial antimicrobial therapy (defined as initiation active agents >72 h after collection first positive blood...

Nosocomial Candida bloodstream infections rank among with highest mortality rates. A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted at Catholic University Hospital to estimate the risk factors for of patients candidemia. We reviewed records a infection over 5-year period (January 2000 through December 2004). Two hundred ninety-four (42.1% male; mean age +/- standard deviation, 65 12 years) were studied. Patients most commonly admitted surgical diagnosis (162 [55.1%]), had central venous...

ABSTRACT The increasing use of azole antifungals for the treatment mucosal and systemic Candida glabrata infections has resulted in selection and/or emergence resistant strains. main mechanisms resistance include alterations C. ERG11 gene ( CgERG11 ), which encodes target enzyme, upregulation CgCDR1 CgCDR2 genes, encode efflux pumps. In present study, we evaluated these molecular 29 unmatched clinical isolates , 20 were 9 susceptible dose dependent (S-DD) to fluconazole. These recovered from...

We evaluated the reliability of Bruker Daltonik's MALDI Biotyper system in species-level identification yeasts directly from blood culture bottles. Identification results were concordant with those conventional culture-based method for 95.9% Candida albicans (187/195) and 86.5% non-albicans species (128/148). Results available 30 min (median), suggesting that this approach is a reliable, time-saving tool routine causing bloodstream infection.

Background Very few data exist on risk factors for developing biofilm-forming Candida bloodstream infection (CBSI) or variables associated with the outcome of patients treated this infection. Methods and Findings We identified 207 CBSI, from whom 84 123 non isolates were recovered. A case-case-control study to identify a cohort analyze outcomes conducted. In addition, two sub-groups case analyzed after matching age, sex, APACHE III score, receipt adequate antifungal therapy. Independent...

Abstract Purpose SARS-COV-2 pandemic led to antibiotic overprescription and unprecedented stress on healthcare systems worldwide. Knowing the comparative incident risk of bloodstream infection due multidrug-resistant pathogens in COVID ordinary wards intensive care-units may give insights into impact COVID-19 antimicrobial resistance. Methods Single-center observational data extracted from a computerized dataset were used identify all patients who underwent blood cultures January 1, 2018 May...

The aim of the study was to build a machine learning-based predictive model discriminate between hospitalized patients at low risk and high bloodstream infection (BSI). A Data Mart including all January 2016 December 2019 with suspected BSI built. Multivariate logistic regression applied develop clinically interpretable learning model. trained on 2016–2018 data tested data. feature selection based univariate first selected candidate predictors BSI. multivariate stepwise in five-fold...

Group A streptococcal (GAS) infections have been attracting increasing attention, as many countries were overwhelmed by a rapid surge of invasive GAS (iGAS) in late 2022 and 2023 after an overall low incidence during the years COVID-19 pandemic.1WHOIncrease group among children Europe, including fatalities.https://www.who.int/europe/news/item/12-12-2022-increase-in-invasive-group-a-streptococcal-infections-among-children-in-europe--including-fatalitiesDate: Dec 12, 2022Date accessed:...

We have recently demonstrated that upregulation of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter-encoding gene AFR1 in Cryptococcus neoformans is involved vitro resistance to fluconazole this yeast. In present study, we investigated role vivo response a mouse model systemic cryptococcosis. Mice were infected with wild-type fluconazole-susceptible strain C. neoformans, BPY22; an afr1 mutant, BPY444, which displayed hypersusceptibility vitro; or AFR1-overexpressing strain, BPY445, exhibited drug....

Extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Escherichia coli are a significant cause bloodstream infections (BSI) in hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients. We previously showed that delaying effective antimicrobial therapy BSI caused by ESBL producers significantly increases mortality. The aim this retrospective 7-year analysis was to identify risk factors for inadequate initial (IIAT) (i.e., empirical treatment based on drug which the isolate had displayed vitro...

ABSTRACT Despite the current reliance on blood cultures (BCs), diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSIs) can be sped up using new technologies performed directly positive BC bottles. Two methods (the MALDI BioTyper system and FilmArray culture identification [BCID] panel) are potentially applicable. In this study, we a large-scale clinical evaluation (1,585 microorganisms from 1,394 BSI episodes) combined use BCID panel compared to reference (culture-based) method. As result, causative...

Sensititre YeastOne (SYO) is an affordable alternative to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) reference method for antifungal susceptibility testing. In this study, MICs of yeast isolates from 1,214 bloodstream infection episodes, generated by SYO during hospital laboratory activity (January 2005 December 2013), were reanalyzed using current CLSI clinical breakpoints/epidemiological cutoff values assign (or wild-type [WT] phenotype) systemic agents. Excluding Candida...

A mong molecular assays currently developed for detection and identification of pathogens (and their antimicrobial resistance genes) in positive blood cultures (BCs) (1), the BioFire FilmArray culture (BCID) panel (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France), a multiplex PCR assay with ,2 min hands-on time an ;1-h turnaround time, allows syndromic diagnosis bloodstream infection (BSI) (2, 3).Previously, could identify 24 etiological agents BSI (11 Gram-negative bacteria, 8 Gram-positive 5 yeast...

We tested the activities of anidulafungin and other antifungal agents against clinical isolates different fungal species. For Candida species, high sessile MIC₉₀s (SMIC₉₀s) were obtained for fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, whereas SMIC₉₀s very low, as those caspofungin. Comparatively, Aspergillus higher SMIC₉₀ values not only B voriconazole but also echinocandins.

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ABSTRACT Our aims were to identify (i) risk factors associated with the acquisition of multidrug-resistant (MDR, 3 or more classes antimicrobials) Proteus mirabilis isolates responsible for bloodstream infections (BSIs) and (ii) impact on mortality such infections. Risk acquiring MDR P. BSIs investigated in a case-case-control study; those assessed by comparing survivors nonsurvivors cohort study. The population consisted 99 adult inpatients identified our laboratory over an 11-year period...

ABSTRACT We compared the clinical performances of BacT/Alert Plus (bioMérieux) and Bactec (Becton Dickinson) aerobic anaerobic blood culture (BC) media with adsorbent polymeric beads. Patients ≥16 years old suspected bloodstream infections (BSIs) were enrolled in intensive care units infectious disease wards. A single 40-ml sample was collected from each used to inoculate (10 ml/bottle) one set cultures cultures, consisting bottle. Cultures incubated ≤5 days 3D FX instruments, respectively....

Blood culture (BC) is still the standard for diagnosing bloodstream infections (BSIs), especially those caused by bacteria and fungi. Infection-complicating sepsis or septic shock often occurs at BSI onset, making necessary to improve diagnostic yield of positive BCs. Among BC systems currently available, BACT/ALERT® VIRTUO® (VIRTUO) system has been developed shorten time detection (TTD) In this study, we assessed TTD 330 clinically relevant species including 14 Gram-positive, Gram-negative,...

Background/Objectives: Syphilis during pregnancy can be easily missed with potential severe outcomes of the newborns, including congenital syphilis (CS). We report neonatal a cohort mothers pregnancy. Methods: retrospective study in referral university hospital Rome, enrolling mother/newborn couples followed up from 2016 to 2023 by multidisciplinary team infectious disease specialists, obstetricians, microbiologists, neonatologists and pediatricians. Primary outcome was assessment risk...

Production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) is an important mechanism beta-lactam resistance in Enterobacteriaceae: Identification ESBLs based on phenotypic tests the strategy most commonly used clinical microbiology laboratories. The Phoenix ESBL test (BD Diagnostic Systems, Sparks, Md.) a recently developed automated system for detection ESBL-producing gram-negative bacteria. An algorithm responses to panel cephalosporins (ceftazidime plus clavulanic acid, ceftazidime,...

ABSTRACT Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are a large, rapidly evolving group of enzymes that confer resistance to oxyimino cephalosporins and monobactams inhibited by clavulanate. Rapid reliable detection ESBL production is prerequisite for successful infection management monitoring trends implementation intervention strategies. We evaluated the performance new VITEK 2 test system (bioMérieux, Inc, Hazelwood, Mo.) in identification ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates....