A5015635878- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Physical Activity and Health
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Obesity and Health Practices
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Health and Lifestyle Studies
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Diabetes Management and Education
- Genetics and Physical Performance
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Retinal Diseases and Treatments
Joslin Diabetes Center
2015-2024
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
2014-2024
Harvard University
2015-2024
Columbus Center
2020-2024
Prevention Group
2022
Providence College
2020
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2015-2018
American Enterprise Institute
2015
Hadassah Medical Center
2014
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is known to function in the dissipation of chemical energy response cold or excess feeding, and also has capacity modulate balance. To test hypothesis that BAT fundamental regulation glucose homeostasis, we transplanted from male donor mice into visceral cavity age- sex-matched recipient mice. By 8–12 weeks following transplantation, had improved tolerance, increased insulin sensitivity, lower body weight, decreased fat mass, a complete reversal high-fat...
Exercise training improves whole-body glucose homeostasis through effects largely attributed to adaptations in skeletal muscle; however, also affects other tissues, including adipose tissue. To determine whether exercise-induced tissue contribute training-induced improvements homeostasis, subcutaneous white (scWAT) from exercise-trained or sedentary donor mice was transplanted into the visceral cavity of recipients. Remarkably, 9 days post-transplantation, receiving scWAT had improved...
Exercise training is critical for the prevention and treatment of obesity, but its underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood given challenge profiling heterogeneous effects across multiple tissues cell types. Here, we address this opposing exercise high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity at single-cell resolution in subcutaneous visceral white adipose tissue skeletal muscle mice with interventions. We identify a prominent role mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exercise-induced adaptation....
OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the association of time-of-day bout-related moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (bMVPA) with changes in glycemic control across 4 years adults overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Among 2,416 participants (57% women; mean age, 59 years) 7-day waist-worn accelerometry recording at year 1 or 4, we assigned bMVPA timing groups based on participants’ temporal distribution recategorized them 4. The time-varying exposure (≥10-min...
Inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) is essential for the beneficial effects of exercise training on metabolic health. The underlying mechanisms these are not fully understood, and here, we test hypothesis that results in a more favorable iWAT structural phenotype. Using biochemical, imaging, multi-omics analyses, find 11 days wheel running male mice causes profound remodeling including decreased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition increased vascularization innervation. We identify stem...
The signaling mechanisms that mediate the important effects of contraction to increase glucose transport in skeletal muscle are not well understood, but known occur through an insulin-independent mechanism. Muscle-specific knockout LKB1, upstream kinase for AMPK and AMPK-related protein kinases, significantly inhibited contraction-stimulated transport. This finding, conjunction with previous studies ablated AMPKα2 activity showing no effect on transport, suggests one or more kinases this...
OBJECTIVE Patients with type 1 diabetes who do aerobic exercise often experience a drop in blood glucose concentration that can result hypoglycemia. Current approaches to prevent exercise-induced hypoglycemia include reduction insulin dose or ingestion of carbohydrates, but these strategies may still hyperglycemia. We sought determine whether mini-dose glucagon (MDG) given subcutaneously before could subsequent lowering and compare the glycemic response current for mitigating...
Moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) improves cardiovascular health. Few studies have examined MVPA timing. We the associations of timing bout-related with cardiorespiratory fitness and risk in adults type 2 diabetes.Baseline 7-day hip-worn accelerometry data from Look AHEAD participants (n = 2,153, 57% women) were analyzed identify (≥3 METs/min for ≥10 min). Cardiorespiratory was assessed by maximal graded exercise test. Participants categorized into six groups on basis...
Aims To test the hypothesis that high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate‐intensity continuous (MICT) improve brown adipose tissue (BAT) insulin sensitivity. Participants methods Healthy middle‐aged men (n = 18, age 47 years [95% confidence {CI} 49, 43], body mass index 25.3 kg/m 2 CI 24.1‐26.3], peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak ) 34.8 mL/kg/min 32.1, 37.4] were recruited randomized into six HIIT or MICT sessions within weeks. Insulin‐stimulated glucose was measured using 2‐[ 18...
Abstract Background Short-term exercise training programs that consist of moderate intensity endurance or high interval have become popular choices for healthy lifestyle modifications, with as little two weeks being shown to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and whole-body glucose metabolism. An emerging concept in biology is stimulates the release cytokines other factors into blood contribute beneficial effects on metabolism, but whether these behave similarly response short term not known....
Individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are typically insulin resistant, exhibiting impaired skeletal muscle glucose uptake. Animal cell culture experiments have shown that site-specific phosphorylation of the Rab-GTPase-activating proteins AS160 TBC1D1 is critical for GLUT4 translocation facilitating uptake, but their regulation in human not well understood.Here, lean, obese T2D subjects underwent a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained...
Recent studies demonstrate that adaptations to white adipose tissue (WAT) are important components of the beneficial effects exercise training on metabolic health. Exercise favorably alters phenotype subcutaneous inguinal WAT (iWAT) in male mice, including decreasing fat mass, improving mitochondrial function, inducing beiging, and stimulating secretion adipokines. In this study, we find despite performing more voluntary wheel running compared with males, these do not occur iWAT female mice....
Diabetes has been identified as one of the major risk factors for developing severe forms coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (1). While data show a higher incidence distress and increased mortality in patients with diabetes, majority these have type diabetes (2), less known about implications 1 COVID-19. A report from U.K. describes COVID-19 rate significantly older compared those (3). Among young adults U.S., diabetic...
In severely obese type 2 diabetes patients, gastric bypass surgery (GB) reduces body mass index (BMI) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) allows reduced doses of insulin other medications. Data regarding the effects GB on patients with 1 are limited.Severely women (n = 9) were studied immediately before after (7.7 ± 5.8 weeks, mean SD).On average, BMI by 11% HbA1c 0.9% (from 8.0 to 7.1%), a parallel 38% decrease in basal requirements (expressed per kilogram weight).GB rapidly decreased BMI, HbA1c,...