A5032469956- Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Digestive system and related health
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Mathematical Biology Tumor Growth
- Hippo pathway signaling and YAP/TAZ
- Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Cancer-related gene regulation
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Gut microbiota and health
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
Istituto Superiore di Sanità
2015-2024
John Radcliffe Hospital
1992-1995
University of Oxford
1992-1995
Abstract Understanding how antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 evolve during infection may provide important insight into therapeutic approaches and vaccination for COVID-19. Here we profile the of 162 COVID-19 symptomatic patients in COVID-BioB cohort followed longitudinally up eight months from symptom onset find neutralization, as well antibodies either recognizing spike antigens nucleoprotein, or specific S2 antigen seasonal beta-coronaviruses hemagglutinin H1N1 flu virus. The presence...
Abstract The pressure towards innovation and creation of new model systems in regenerative medicine cancer research has fostered the development novel potential therapeutic applications. Kidney injuries provoke a high request organ transplants making it most demanding system field medicine. Furthermore, renal frequently threaten patients’ life aggressive forms still remain difficult to treat. Ethical issues related use embryonic stem cells, fueled on adult, patient-specific pluripotent cells...
Objective Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumour formation and spreading, their targeting is required eradication. There limited therapeutic options advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), particularly tumours carrying RAS-activating mutations. The aim of this study was to identify novel CSC-targeting strategies. Design To discover potential therapeutics be clinically investigated as single agent, we performed a screening with panel FDA-approved or investigational drugs on primary CRC...
Quiescent/slow cycling cells have been identified in several tumors and correlated with therapy resistance. However, the features of chemoresistant populations molecular factors linking quiescence to chemoresistance are largely unknown.A population quiescent/slow was isolated through PKH26 staining (which allows separate on basis their proliferation rate) from colorectal cancer (CRC) xenografts subjected global gene expression pathway activation analyses. Factors expressed by were analyzed...
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are responsible for the metastatic dissemination of colorectal cancer (CRC) to liver, lungs and lymph nodes. CTCs rarity heterogeneity strongly limit elucidation their biological features, as well preclinical drug sensitivity studies aimed at metastasis prevention.
Stemness was recently depicted as a dynamic condition in normal and tumor cells. We found that the embryonic protein Cripto-1 (CR1) expressed by stem cells at bottom of colonic crypts cancer (CSCs) colorectal tissues. CR1-positive populations isolated from patient-derived spheroids exhibited increased clonogenic capacity expression stem-cell-related genes. CR1 variable over time, being subject to complex regulation intracellular, surface secreted protein, which related changes population...
Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy mainly relies on the use of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs combined, in a subset patients, with epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR]-targeting agents. Although CRC is considered prototype stem cell (CSC)-driven tumor, effects both and targeted therapies CSC compartment are largely unknown. We have optimized protocol for colorectal isolation that allowed us to obtain CSC-enriched cultures from primary tumor specimens, high efficiency. was...
Abstract Fenretinide is a synthetic retinoid characterized by anticancer activity in preclinical models and favorable toxicological profile, but also low bioavailability that hindered its clinical efficacy former trials. We developed new formulation of fenretinide complexed with 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (nanofenretinide) an increased therapeutic efficacy. Nanofenretinide was active cell lines derived from multiple solid tumors, primary spheroid cultures xenografts lung colorectal...
Abstract Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes a hyperactivation of immune cells, resulting in lung inflammation. Recent studies showed that COVID-19 induces the production factors previously implicated reawakening dormant breast cancer cells such as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The presence NETs and pro-inflammatory microenvironment may therefore promote reactivation, increasing risk pulmonary metastasis. Further will be required to confirm link between recurrence....
An increasing number of anticancer agents has been proposed in recent years with the attempt to overcome treatment-resistant cancer cells and particularly stem (CSC), major culprits for tumour resistance recurrence. However, a huge obstacle treatment success is ineffective delivery drugs within environment due limited solubility, short circulation time or inconsistent stability compounds that, together concomitant dose-limiting systemic toxicity, contribute hamper achievement therapeutic...
Abstract Treatment of lung cancer is an unmet need as it accounts for the majority deaths worldwide. The development new therapies urges identification potential targets. MicroRNAs’ expression often deregulated in and their modulation has been proposed a successful strategy to interfere with tumor cell growth spread. We recently reported on unbiased high-content approach identify miRNAs regulating proliferation tumorigenesis non-small (NSCLC). Here we studied oncogenic role miR-663 NSCLC...
Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes an uncontrolled activation of the innate immune response, resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome and systemic inflammation. The effects COVID-19–induced inflammation on cancer cells their microenvironment are yet to be elucidated. Here, we formulate hypothesis that COVID-19–associated may generate a favorable tumor cell proliferation particularly reawakening dormant (DCCs). DCCs often survive treatment primary tumors populate...
Metastasis is the primary cause of death in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), urging need for preclinical models that recapitulate metastatic process at individual patient level. We used an orthotopic patient-derived xenograft (PDX) obtained through direct implantation freshly dissociated CRC cells colon immunocompromised mice to model process. Ortho-PDX engraftment was associated a specific set molecular features parental tumor, such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), TGF-β...
Quiescent cancer cells (QCCs) are a common feature of solid tumors, representing major obstacle to the long-term success therapies. We isolated QCCs ex vivo from non-small cell lung (NSCLC) and colorectal (CRC) xenografts with label-retaining strategy compared gene expression profiles identify shared "quiescence signature". Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed specific component neatly discriminating quiescent replicative phenotypes in NSCLC CRC. The showed significant overlapping,...
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been reported to exhibit therapeutic activity in cancer. However, many tumors remain resistant treatment with TRAIL. Therefore, small molecules that potentiate the cytotoxic effects of TRAIL could be used for combinatorial therapy. Here we found ionophore antibiotic salinomycin acts synergism TRAIL, enhancing TRAIL-induced apoptosis glioma cells. Treatment low doses combination augmented activation caspase-3 and increased...
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detach from a primary or its metastases and circulate in the bloodstream. The vast majority of CTCs are deemed to die into bloodstream, with only few representing viable metastatic precursors. Particularly, single epithelial do not survive long circulation due loss adhesion-dependent survival signals. In colorectal cancer, generation large CTC clusters is very frequent occurrence, able increase aptitude Although deepened analysis large-sized might certainly...
Europe is experiencing a third wave of COVID-19 due to the spread highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants. A number positive and negative factors constantly shape rates infections, hospitalization, mortality. Among these factors, rise in increasingly variants on one side effect vaccinations other create picture deeply different from that first pandemic wave. Starting observation several European countries infections second increased without proportional disease severity mortality, we...