Abstract Sepsis can cause sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), but whether SAE was induced or exacerbated by ferroptosis remains unknown. In this study, the rat sepsis model constructed using cecal ligation and puncture method. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability measured Evans blue dye (EBD) in vivo. levels of ROS, Fe ion, MDA, GSH, GPX4 were assessed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). exosomes isolated from serum cultured with bEnd.3 cells for vitro analysis. Moreover,...

Background The NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been identified as an important mediator of blood–brain-barrier disruption in sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). However, no information is available concerning the critical upstream regulators SAE. Methods Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to establish vitro model blood–brain barrier (BBB) vivo Disruption BBB integrity assessed by measuring expression levels tight-junction proteins. NLRP3...

Fisetin, the effective ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine named Cotinus coggygria, is recommended to be active therapeutic in many disorders. However, its role sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) remains unclarified.Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) operation was performed establish a rat model SAE. Rats were grouped according surgery fisetin administration. Cognitive impairment assessed by Morris water maze test. Disruption blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity detected Evan's blue...

Cognitive impairment is one of common complications acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Increasing evidence suggests that interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) plays a role in inducing neuronal apoptosis cognitive dysfunction. The lung protective ventilatory strategies, which serve to reduce pulmonary morbidity for ARDS patients, almost always lead hypercapnia. Some studies have reported hypercapnia contributes the risk and IL-1β secretion outside central nervous system (CNS). However,...

Sepsis is a common critical condition that can lead to multiple organ injury. Sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) frequently an important cause of poor prognosis and associated with high mortality rates, despite existing therapeutic interventions. Neutrophil infiltration extracellular traps (NET) are implicated in lung injury (ALI) ARDS following sepsis. As circulating neutrophils infiltrate infected tissues, they come into direct contact vascular endothelial cells...

Abstract Background Hypoxemia is a typical symptom of acute respiratory distress syndrome. To avoid pulmonary morbidity, low tidal volume ventilation often applied. The strategy will certainly cause hypercapnia. This study aimed to explore whether hypercapnia would promote microglial pyroptosis via inhibiting mitophagy in adult rats with hypoxemia. Methods cerebral oxygen extraction ratio (CERO 2 ) and partial pressure brain tissue (PbtO rat model hypercapnia/hypoxemia were assessed....

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). However, molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. In present study, we aimed to investigate regulatory relationship between Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway, microRNA (miR)-181b its target genes sepsis vivo vitro.Four rat models (sham, sepsis, plus STAT3 inhibitor (Stattic), miR-181b [sepsis + anta-miR-181b])...

Sepsis is a serious systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection, with an extremely high mortality rate. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) played key role in the immune against whose components and functions were altered radically Sepsis. Here, we wondered to characterize alteration of PBMCs sepsis at single-cell transcriptional level.We isolated from seven septic patients four donors. Based on BD Rhapsody, generated RNA sequencing, cell types clustered named...

Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to explore whether the antibrain edema hypertonic saline (HS) is associated with alleviating ischemic blood‐brain barrier (BBB) permeability by downregulating astrocyte‐derived vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which mediated microglia‐derived NOD‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Methods infarct volume and BBB were detected. expression level VEGF in astrocytes a transient focal brain ischemia model rats evaluated after 10%...

Heat stroke induced cerebral damage via neuroinflammation. This study aimed to approach whether heat stress would promote NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome reactive oxygen species (ROS). The mice were randomly divided into the sham group, and + TEMPOL (ROS scavenger) group. And NLRP3 −/− applied group Furthermore, BV2 cells four groups following intervention measures: Z-VAD-FMK (caspase-1 inhibitor) control ROS levels examined. expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18...

Refractory hypoxemia is the main symptom of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Low tidal volume ventilation routinely applied in clinical practice to correct hypoxemia, which aims prevent ventilator‑induced lung injury. However, this strategy inevitably leads hypercapnia. Our previous study demonstrated that hypercapnia aggravated cognitive impairment hypoxemic rats; however, underlying mechanism remains unclear. The aim present was investigate whether exacerbates blood‑brain...

Background: Early recognition of septic patients with poor prognosis is important for clinicians to prescribe personalized therapies which include timely fluid resuscitation therapy and appropriate antimicrobial therapy. We aimed evaluate the effect presepsin level on predicting sepsis under sepsis-3 criteria. Methods: Patients who were diagnosed as criteria recruited assigned survivor group non-survivor according their in-hospital mortality. The two groups' baseline characteristics analyzed...

The aim of the present study was to explore possible mechanisms by which hypertonic saline (HS) effectively ameliorates cerebral oedema via vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2)‑mediated nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway cells in rats. A middle artery occlusion (MCAO) model Sprague‑Dawley rats and an oxygen‑glucose deprivation (OGD) were used study. Evans blue (EB) staining a horseradish peroxidase flux assay performed evaluate protective effect 10% HS on blood‑brain...

The expression of Tregs co-signaling molecules serves as the marker immune dysfunction. present study aimed to verify their predictive role in 28-day mortality sepsis patients.A prospective, observational, two-stage cohort was conducted. patients who fulfilled sepsis-3 criteria were enrolled, and peripheral blood samples collected within 24 h post-enrollment. four Tregs, namely, PD-1, CD28, PD-L1 CD86, measured, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores recorded on day 1 inclusion....

Stroke is a life-threatening disease with limited therapeutic options. Damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) key pathological feature of ischemic stroke. This study explored role bradykinin (BK)/bradykinin 1 receptor (B1R) and its mechanism action in BBB. Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) were used test for cellular responses BK by using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent flow cytometry, immunofluorescence,...

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) deficiency is a common genetic disorder leading to lactic acidosis, which can also result from several nongenetic conditions, such as septic shock. The present study reports case of PDHC masked by shock-induced acidosis. This involved 16-year-old adolescent with poor exercise tolerance compared his peers, and no underlying diseases. disease onset was characterized cough, fever, dyspnea, hypotension elevated lactate levels, indicated However, severe...

Elevated levels of blood glucose in patients with ischemic stroke are associated a worse prognosis. The present study aimed to explore whether hyperglycemia promotes microglial pyroptosis by increasing the oxygen extraction rate an acute model. C57BL/6 mice that underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion were used for assessment level and neurological function. ratio (CERO2), consumption (OCR) partial pressure brain tissue (PbtO2) measured. To investigate significance NOD‑like receptor...

Shenfu injection (SF) has demonstrated its potential to enhance cellular immunity and induce clinical regression in patients suffering from sepsis or infectious shock. However, the therapeutic effect of SF on sepsis-induced cognitive dysfunction (SAE) mechanisms involved are still unclear. We aimed investigate mechanism mice with SAE.

Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is one of the most common complications following an ischemic stroke, and has implications for clinical neurological outcomes. The aim present study was to examine whether elevated ICP may increase IL‑1β IL‑18 secretion by activating NOD‑like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in microglia adult rats. Sprague‑Dawley rats that underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion were used assessment ICP. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production detected,...

Objective This study investigated whether hypercapnia influenced the inflammatory response of hypoxic blood. Methods Human whole blood was cultured with 0.2% oxygen (O 2 ) and treated 5%, 7%, or 10% carbon dioxide (CO ). Interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6 were evaluated in cultures. Reactive species (ROS) production expression levels caspase-1 IL-1β THP-1 monocytic cells. Results IL-1β, TNF-α, higher hypoxia + 7% CO group than 5% group. The had highest levels, compared...

Cerebral edema and elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) are common complications observed following ischemic stroke. Osmotherapy has been used as a foundation to manage ICP induced by cerebral edema, albumin is one of the most commonly osmotic agents. The present study aimed explore whether lowered reducing when colloid (COP) plasma. Sprague‑Dawley rats that underwent middle artery occlusion were assess COP ICP. Magnetic resonance imaging measurements performed evaluate infarct size. Evans...