James McKenna
A5071678055- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Acute Kidney Injury Research
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
Royal Victoria Hospital
1997-2024
University of Ulster
1997-2024
Belfast Health and Social Care Trust
2015-2024
Leeds Beckett University
2022-2023
Imperial College London
2022
Quadram Institute
2022
Tallaght University Hospital
2020
Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children
2015-2019
Belfast City Hospital
2018
Uppsala University
2018
Global dispersal and increasing frequency of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variant D614G are suggestive a selective advantage but may also be due to random founder effect. We investigate hypothesis for positive selection in United Kingdom using more than 25,000 whole genome sequences. Despite availability large dataset, well represented by both 614 variants, not all approaches showed conclusive signal selection. Population genetic analysis indicates that 614G increases relative 614D manner...
Several steps in the clinical evolution of human neoplasia are associated with a variety recurrent chromosomal defects that could prove essential to understanding cancer. We found 15 types nonrandom abnormalities study 71 patients follicular lymphoma; 10 appeared influence histopathological findings, course, or response treatment. A translocation, t(14;18), observed 85 percent all be main determinant pattern. Ten t(14;18) as single defect had histologic features small cleaved-cell lymphoma....
We report severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike ΔH69/V70 in multiple independent lineages, often occurring after acquisition of receptor binding motif replacements such as N439K and Y453F, known to increase affinity the ACE2 confer antibody escape. In vitro, we show that, although itself is not an evasion mechanism, it increases infectivity associated with enhanced incorporation cleaved into virions. able partially rescue proteins that have acquired Y453F escape...
We report a rapid increase in enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections, with 139 cases reported from eight European countries between 31 July and 14 October 2021. This upsurge is line the seasonality of EV-D68 was presumably stimulated by widespread reopening after COVID-19 lockdown. Most were identified September, but more are to be expected coming months. Reinforcement clinical awareness, diagnostic capacities surveillance urgently needed Europe.
Abstract Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections are associated with severe respiratory disease and acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). The European Non-Polio Network (ENPEN) aimed to investigate the epidemiological genetic characteristics of EV-D68 its clinical impact during fall-winter season 2021–2022. From 19 countries, 58 institutes reported 10 481 (6.8%) EV-positive samples which 1004 (9.6%) were identified as (including 852 samples). Clinical data for 969 cases; 78.9% in children (0–5 years);...
This study determined whether higher dose nicotine patches are more efficacious than lower among heavy smokers. A randomized double-blind compared 0, 21, 35, and 42 mg/day of a 24-h patch in 1039 smokers (> or = 30 cigarettes/day) at 12 clinical sites the USA one Australia. Daily were used for 6 weeks followed by tapering over next 10 weeks. Weekly group therapy occurred. Biochemically validated self-reported quit rates 6, 12, 26, 52 post-cessation measured. Quit dose-related all follow-ups...
SUMMARY Human cases of Q fever appear to be common in Northern Ireland compared the rest British Isles. The purpose this study was describe seroepidemiology Coxiella burnetii infection cattle terms seroprevalence and determinants infection. A total 5182 animals (from a stratified systematic random sample 273 herds) were tested with commercial C. phase 2 IgG ELISA. 6·2% 48·4% herds positively. Results from multilevel logistic regression model indicated that odds being infected increased age,...
A new optical maser structure is described which reduces the threshold pumping power and increases available output. It consists of a composite rod, has core material (e.g., ruby) covered by coaxial sheath transparent refractive sapphire). Refraction light shown to increase intensity at active core. The also facilitates cooling providing an increased surface area.
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has exacerbated the COVID-19 global health crisis. Thus far, all carry mutations in spike glycoprotein, which is a critical determinant viral transmission being responsible for attachment, receptor engagement and membrane fusion, an important target immunity. Variants frequently bear truncations flexible loops N-terminal domain (NTD) spike; functional importance these modifications remained poorly characterised. We demonstrate that NTD deletions are...
ABSTRACT The failure to reduce the Campylobacter contamination of intensively reared poultry may be partially due resisting disinfection in water after their internalization by waterborne protozoa. jejuni and a variety protozoa, including ciliates, flagellates, alveolates, were detected drinking combination culture molecular techniques. An vitro assay showed that C. remained viable when internalized Tetrahymena pyriformis Acanthamoeba castellanii for significantly longer (up 36 h) than they...
To assess the association of vaginal commensal and low-grade pathogenic bacteria including Ureaplasma parvum, urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, genitalium, Group B streptococcus (GBS), Gardnerella vaginalis, in women who delivered preterm at less than 37-week gestation presence or absence inflammation chorioamnionitic membranes.A case control study involving before with without membranes. A total 57 placental samples were histologically examined for polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration...
Summary Despite the widespread prevalence of infection with Coxiella burnetii , there have been few large population‐based studies examining epidemiology this infection. The aim study was to examine distribution and determinants C. past in Northern Ireland (NI). phase II specific IgG antibodies were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay stored serum from 2394 randomly selected subjects, aged 12–64, who had participated surveys cardiovascular risk factors performed 1986 1987. overall...
Expressions are derived for the total energy density of pumping light in interior a ruby rod and rate photon absorption from when polychromatic nature is taken into account. The expressions evaluated numerically.