A5027761066- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Complement system in diseases
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Travel-related health issues
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Diverse Scientific Research Studies
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
Université Paris Cité
2014-2024
Mère et Enfant en Milieu Tropical
2014-2024
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
2014-2024
Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology
2021
Sorbonne Paris Cité
2011-2019
Délégation Paris 5
2009-2018
Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex
2014-2017
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
2002-2015
Université d'Abomey-Calavi
2015
Ministerio de Salud
2013
Despite the clinically proven advantages of intermittent preventive treatment malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), utilisation has been low many African countries. To increase uptake and achieve desired effect, World Health Organization revised policy to a monthly administration. Assessing coverage impact on neonatal outcomes is, therefore, necessity. A 2-parallel cross-sectional hospital-based study was carried out among pregnant women attending first antenatal...
The contribution of T cell-mediated responses was studied with regard to resistance reinfection in groups Gabonese children participating a prospective study severe and mild malaria due infection Plasmodium falciparum. In those admitted malaria, but not production IFN-gamma by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) response either liver-stage or merozoite antigen peptides associated significantly delayed first reinfections lower rates reinfection. Proliferative tumor necrosis factor the...
Plasmodium falciparum parasites that bind to chondroitin sulphate A (CSA) express unique variant surface antigens are involved in the placental sequestration precipitates pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM). Two var gene subfamilies, var1csa and var2csa have been associated with CSA binding. We show here P. isolates highly transcribed but not var1csa. was or only minimally by isolated from nonpregnant women. Placental effectively bound proteoglycans higher levels of var2csa. In pregnant...
Molecular, as opposed to microscopic, detection measures the real prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum infections. Such occult infections are common during pregnancy but their impact on outcomes is unclear. We performed a longitudinal study describe that impact.In cohort 1037 Beninese pregnant women, we used ultrasound accurately estimate gestational ages. Infection with P. falciparum, hemoglobin concentration, use intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) for malaria, and other parameters...
Malaria in pregnancy has major impacts on mother and child health. To complement existing interventions, such as intermittent preventive treatment use of impregnated bed nets, we developed a malaria vaccine candidate with the aim reducing sequestration asexual "blood-stage" parasites placenta, virulence mechanism.The PAMVAC is based recombinant fragment VAR2CSA, Plasmodium falciparum protein responsible for binding to placenta via chondroitin sulfate A (CSA). Healthy, adult malaria-naive...
Although consequences of malaria in pregnancy are well known, the period which infection has highest impact is still unclear. In Benin, we followed up a cohort 1,037 women through until delivery. The objective was to evaluate relationship between timing and birth weight, maternal anemia at At beginning pregnancy, peripheral infections were associated with decrease mean weight (−98.5 g; P = 0.03) an increase risk delivery (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.6; 0.03). Infections late related higher...
Background The reservoir of Plasmodium infection in humans has traditionally been defined by blood slide positivity. This study was designed to characterize the local relation diverse var genes that encode major surface antigen falciparum stages and underlie parasite's ability establish chronic transmit from human mosquito. Methodology/Principal Findings We investigated molecular epidemiology multigene family at sites Gabon, Senegal Kenya which differ parasite prevalence transmission...
In areas endemic for malaria, pregnant women frequently present with a placenta that has been parasitized by Plasmodium falciparum, an infection associated reduction in the birth weight of offspring. However, impact placental on malaria-related morbidity during infant's first years life not investigated. Between 1993 and 1995, 197 children southern Cameroon were followed weekly clinically monthly parasltologically. The dates positive blood smear evolution parasite prevalence rates compared...
Otherwise clinically immune women in areas endemic for malaria are highly susceptible to Plasmodium falciparum during their first pregnancy. Pregnancy-associated (PAM) is characterized by placental accumulation of infected erythrocytes that adhere chondroitin sulfate A (CSA). Susceptibility PAM decreases with increasing parity, apparently due acquisition antibodies directed against the variant surface antigens (VSAs) mediate adhesion CSA (VSACSA). This study found levels VSACSA-specific...
A modification of Rieckmann's microtechnique was used to determine the drug sensitivity Plasmodium falciparum. The technique found be reliable and adequately sensitive with either blood from a malarial patient or strains P. falciparum in vitro continuous culture, success rate 50%. Minor variations method had little influence on results. Inhibition maturation parasites compared inhibition increase parasitemia.
Abstract Placental malaria is caused by Plasmodium falciparum–infected erythrocytes that bind to placental tissue. Binding mediated VAR2CSA, a parasite antigen coded the var gene, which interacts with chondroitin sulfate A (CSA). Consequences include maternal anemia and fetal growth retardation. Antibody-mediated immunity acquired during successive pregnancies, but target of VAR2CSA-specific protective antibodies unclear. We assessed in pregnant women analyzed their relationships protection...
Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) mediates the binding and accumulation of infected erythrocytes (IE) to blood vessels tissues. Specific interactions have been described between PfEMP1 human endothelial proteins CD36, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), C receptor (EPCR); however, cytoadhesion patterns typical for pediatric malaria syndromes associated members are still undefined. In a cohort 94 hospitalized children with malaria, we characterized...
Anemia during childhood remains a major public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. To determine the prevalence of and main risk factors for anemia young children, we conducted longitudinal survey Ebolowa southern Cameroon. Children were enrolled two cohorts followed three-year period: first cohort was composed 122 children from 0 to 36 months age second 84 24 60 age. The weekly symptomatic malaria, monthly both asymptomatic every six hematologic data; grouped into six-month groups....
During pregnancy, a local and systemic Th2 bias of maternal immunity favors Th1-dependent infections such as malaria. This study measured cytokines secreted in cultures chorionic villi, placental blood cells (PBC), serum term placentas from 88 malaria-infected -noninfected Cameroon women. Interleukin (IL)--2 --4 were consistently low; IL-1 beta, IL-6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, transforming growth factor (TGF)--beta 2 highest villi cultures. Tumor necrosis...
Pregnancy-associated malaria is a major health problem, which mainly affects primigravidae living in endemic areas. The syndrome precipitated by accumulation of infected erythrocytes placental tissue through an interaction between chondroitin sulphate A on syncytiotrophoblasts and parasite-encoded protein the surface erythrocytes, believed to be VAR2CSA. VAR2CSA polymorphic approximately 3,000 amino acids forming six Duffy-binding-like (DBL) domains. For vaccine development it important...
Pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM) is precipitated by the accumulation of parasites in placental intervillous spaces and causes maternal anemia low birth weight. In PAM, adhere to chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) through a unique set variant surface antigens (VSAPAM). Several studies have shown that 1 var gene, var2csa, transcribed at high levels expressed CSA-binding Plasmodium falciparum parasites.Plasma anti-VAR2CSA immunoglobulin G (IgG) Senegalese women were measured during pregnancy...
An assessment of the accuracy two malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) for detection Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (Pf HRP2) or Pf lactate dehydrogenase LDH) was undertaken in children aged between six and 59 months included an anti-malarial efficacy study Benin. In Allada (Benin), 205 6-59 with received either artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ), artemether-lumefantrine (AL), sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP). Children were simultaneously followed by both RDT high-quality...
Binding to chondroitin sulfate A by VAR2CSA, a parasite protein expressed on infected erythrocytes, allows placental sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. This leads severe consequences such as maternal anemia, stillbirths, and intrauterine growth retardation. The latter has been clearly associated increased morbidity mortality the infants. Acquired anti-VAR2CSA antibodies have with improved pregnancy outcomes, suggesting vaccine could prevent syndrome. However,...
Background Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP-1) is a highly polymorphic adherence receptor expressed on the surface of infected erythrocytes. Based sequence homology PfEMP-1 variants have been grouped into three major groups A-C, conserved VAR2CSA variants, and semi-conserved types defined by tandem runs specific domains ("domain cassettes" (DC)). The type determines phenotype, associated with clinical outcome infection. Methods Parasite isolates from Beninese...
Existing theory on competition for hosts between pathogen strains has proposed that immune selection can lead to the maintenance of strain structure consisting discrete, weakly overlapping antigenic repertoires. This prediction conceptual overlap with fundamental ideas in ecology niche partitioning and limiting similarity coexisting species an ecosystem, which oppose hypothesis neutral coexistence. For Plasmodium falciparum , been specifically relation major surface antigen blood stage,...
Introduction In the human placenta maternal blood circulates in intervillous space (IVS). The syncytiotrophoblast (STB) is direct contact with blood. wall shear stress (WSS) exerted by flow on STB has not been evaluated. Our objective was to determine physiological WSS surface of during third trimester pregnancy. Material and Methods To gain insight into levels that expected experience vivo, we have formulated three different computational models varying complexity reflect physical...
ABSTRACT In areas where Plasmodium falciparum is endemic, pregnant women are at increased risk for malaria, and this greatest during the first pregnancy. The placenta sequesters parasites that able to cytoadhere chondroitin sulfate A (CSA), a molecule expressed by placental syncytiotrophoblast, while from nonpregnant host do not bind CSA. Cytoadherence mediated expression of variants P. -erythrocyte membrane protein 1 family. Each member family induces antibodies specifically agglutinate...