Although dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in sensitization to inhaled allergens, their function ongoing T helper (Th)2 cell–mediated eosinophilic airway inflammation underlying bronchial asthma is currently unknown. Here, we show ovalbumin (OVA)-driven murine model that DCs acquire a mature phenotype and interact with CD4+ within sites of peribronchial perivascular inflammation. To study whether contributed inflammation, depleted from the airways CD11c-diphtheria toxin (DT)...

Although dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in mediating protection against influenza virus, the precise of lung DC subsets, such as CD11b− and CD11b+ conventional DCs or plasmacytoid (pDCs), different compartments is currently unknown. Early after intranasal infection, tracheal CD11b−CD11chi migrated to mediastinal lymph nodes (MLNs), acquiring co-stimulatory molecules process. This emigration from was followed by accumulation CD11b+CD11chi trachea interstitium. In MLNs, contained...

The World Health Organization estimates that lower respiratory tract infections (excluding tuberculosis) account for ∼35% of all deaths caused by infectious diseases. In many cases, the cause death may be multiple pathogens, e.g., life-threatening bacterial pneumonia observed in patients infected with influenza virus. ability to evolve more efficient immunity on each successive encounter antigen is hallmark adaptive immune response. However, absence cross-reactive T and B cell epitopes, one...

Tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) are organized aggregates of B and T cells formed in postembryonic life response to chronic immune responses infectious agents or self-antigens. Although CD11c+ dendritic (DCs) consistently found regions TLO, their contribution TLO organization has not been studied detail. We that CD11c(hi) DCs essential for the maintenance inducible bronchus-associated tissue (iBALT), a form induced lungs after influenza virus infection. Elimination had cleared from lung...

Organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) are commonly used as alternatives for the banned polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and ubiquitously detected in indoor dust. PFRs can be potentially hazardous to respiratory health via inhalation of house Dendritic cells (DCs) crucial immunological defense against pathogens airways. In allergy however, an aberrant immune response is induced innocuous proteins, like dust mite allergens. this study, we examined whether exposure Triphenylphosphate...

Polysensitization of patients who are allergic is a common feature. The underlying immunologic mechanism not clear. maturation status dendritic cells (DCs) considered to be important for priming naive T in the draining lymph nodes. We hypothesized that chronic airway inflammation can induce an enhanced DCs and facilitate subsequent neoallergens.To investigate whether could altered activation mice this influences development sensitization.Balb/c were repeatedly challenged with inflammation....

Abstract Allergic asthma is characterized by persistent chronic airway inflammation, which leads to mucus hypersecretion and hyperresponsiveness. Nuclear receptor Nur77 plays a pivotal role in distinct immune inflammatory cells expressed eosinophils lung epithelium. However, the of allergic inflammation has not been studied so far. In present study, we determined using murine model OVA-induced inflammation. We found that OVA-challenged knockout (KO) mice show significantly enhanced...

Although the ubiquitous detection of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) in indoor dust has raised health concerns, only very few epidemiological studies have assessed their impact on human health. Inhalation is one exposure routes FRs, especially children can be hazardous for respiratory Moreover, PFRs are structurally similar to pesticides, which been associated with allergic asthma. Thus, we investigated whether concentrations PBDEs development...

Abstract Asthma is characterized by infiltration of the airway wall with eosinophils. Although eosinophils are considered to be effector cells, recent studies have reported their ability activate primed Th2 cells. In this study, we investigated whether capable presenting Ag unprimed T cells in draining lymph nodes (DLN) lung and compared capacity professional dendritic (DC). During development eosinophilic inflammation OVA-sensitized challenged mice, CCR3+ accumulated DLN. To study function,...

Summary Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary cause of bronchiolitis in young children. Upon infection both T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cytokines are produced. Because RSV‐induced responses have been associated with severe immunopathology aggravation allergic reactions, regulation immune response following RSV crucial. In this study we examined influence on activation function murine bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells (DCs). induced expression maturation markers myeloid DCs (mDCs)...

T-cells are a main target for antiinflammatory drugs in inflammatory bowel disease. As the innate immune system is also implicated pathogenesis of these diseases, T-cell suppressors may not only inhibit T-cell-dependent production proinflammatory mediators but affect cell function. Specifically, impair recruitment and activation through inhibition or act independent modulation. We explored extent modulation by inhibitor tacrolimus murine colitis model.We assessed effects on trinitro-benzene...

The initial immune response to house dust mite (HDM) is orchestrated by an interplay between epithelial cells (ECs) and dendritic (DCs). Innate cytokines released HDM-exposed ECs activate airway DCs effector inflammatory cells, which together induce a HDM-specific Th2 cell response. Here, we investigate the respective roles of IL-33 in sensitization HDM.Balb/c mice were exposed via airways different HDM extracts, differing at least endotoxin levels [Lotox (LT) HiTox (HT)]. Alternatively,...

Abstract Background The mechanism by which many monosensitized allergic individuals progress to polysensitization over time remains be elucidated. Mouse models have contributed greatly the understanding of sensitization inhaled allergens in healthy airways but hardly any studies addressed during established allergy. We hypothesized that an inflammatory milieu might facilitate presence mature dendritic cells ( DC s) and IL ‐4. Methods Mice with house dust mite HDM )‐induced airway...

Allergies arise from aberrant Th2 responses to allergens. The processes involved in the genesis of allergic sensitization remain elusive. Some allergens such as derived house dust mites have proteolytic activity which can induce oxidative stress vivo. A reduced capacity host control might prime for sensitization.Two different strains mice were compared their antioxidant and immune response HDM. Protease HDM extract was investigate its role induction airways whether this could determine...

The underlying mechanism of allergen-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is not yet fully understood, but suppression Th2 cells and production IgG4 antibodies are two hallmarks. impact on the innate arm immune system far less clear.The aim this study was to investigate effect birch pollen (BP) SCIT response in a BP mouse model.Mice with pollen-induced allergic airway inflammation received weekly injections extract (BPE) adsorbed alum. cytokine levels lung, number functionality ILC2s...

Asthma is an inflammatory disease that involves airway hyper-responsiveness and mucus hypersecretion. The LIM-only protein FHL2 a crucial modulator of multiple signal transduction pathways functions as scaffold in specific protein-protein interactions.We sought to investigate the role inflammation.Allergic inflammation was induced WT FHL2-knock out (FHL2-KO) mice with ovalbumin (OVA). Lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) draining lymph node cells were analysed for inflammation....

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Suppression of Th2 cytokine production by allergen-specific cells is considered to be critical for the suppression allergic symptoms subcutaneous immunotherapy. The aim this study was develop a mouse model birch pollen (BP) immunotherapy elucidate underlying mechanisms that contribute improvement clinical symptoms. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Mice with BP-induced airway inflammation received weekly (SCIT) injections BP...