A5032971286- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Service-Learning and Community Engagement
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Focus Groups and Qualitative Methods
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Cultural Competency in Health Care
- Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis
- Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Global Health Workforce Issues
Charles Darwin University
2016-2024
Menzies School of Health Research
2015-2024
Government of the Northern Territory
2022-2023
Northern Territory Health Services
2023
Maari Ma Health
2023
Ministry of Labour, Health and Social Affairs
2022
The Royal Melbourne Hospital
2022
Peter Doherty Institute
2022
The University of Melbourne
2022
UNSW Sydney
2022
Background.In vitro laboratory and animal studies demonstrate a synergistic role for the combination of vancomycin antistaphylococcal β-lactams methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia.Prospective clinical data are lacking.Methods.In this open-label, multicenter, trial, adults with MRSA bacteremia received 1.5 g intravenously twice daily were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive intravenous flucloxacillin 2 every 6 hours 7 days (combination group) or no additional therapy...
Abstract Background The primary cause of Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) is thiamine deficiency, and more than 90% cases are reported in alcohol‐dependent patients. While observational studies show parenteral administration drastically reduced WKS‐related mortality, relevant treatment trials have never been conducted to determine the optimum dose. Methods Two double‐blind, parallel groups, randomized controlled (RCTs) were optimal dose required for (1) prevention Wernicke's encephalopathy...
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is endemic in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of Australia's Northern Territory. Progression to liver disease can be prevented if holistic care provided. Low health literacy amongst professionals a known barrier caring for people living with CHB. We co-designed delivered culturally safe "Managing B" training course workforce. Here, we present an evaluation course.
The entry point and timing of ancient human migration into continental Sahul (the combined landmass Australia, New Guinea, Tasmania) are subject to debate. Unique strains hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemic among modern-day Australian Aboriginals (HBV/C4) Indigenous Melanesians (HBV/C3). We postulated that HBV genomes could be used infer population movements because the main transmission route in populations is via mother-to-child for genotypes C infections. Phylogenetic phylogeographic analyses...
Abstract Issue Addressed In 2014 the ‘Hep B Story App’, first hepatitis educational app in an Aboriginal language was released. Subsequently, 2018, it assessed and adapted before translation into additional 10 languages. The process developed iteratively a model that may be applied when creating any health resource Methods adaptation of Story’ followed tailored participatory action research (PAR) involving crucial steps such as extensive community consultation, original material, forward...
Inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) and pertussis vaccination are recommended in pregnancy. Limited safety data exist for women who received IIV during the first trimester of pregnancy or both vaccines We assessed adverse birth outcomes between vaccinated unvaccinated pregnancies.Among prospectively enrolled Australian "FluMum" participants (2012-2015), primary exposure was receipt timing Primary included preterm birth, low birthweight at term (LBWT), small gestational age (SGA). compared...
Abstract Background The Aboriginal health workforce provide responsive, culturally safe care. We aimed to co-design a course with and for the workforce. describe factors which led successful co-design, delivery, evaluation of “Managing hepatitis B” Methods A Participatory Action Research approach was used, involving ongoing consultation iteratively then develop content, materials, tools. An Torres Strait Islander research teaching team received education in chronic B methodologies. Pilot...
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians are disproportionately affected by Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) with a prevalence of 6.08% in the Northern Territory (NT) liver cancer rates 6 times higher than non-Indigenous Australians. Without appropriate care, overall 25% those living CHB will die from either failure or cancer, outcomes that can be minimised regular follow up, antiviral treatment hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening. This care including is publicly funded Australian...
Abstract Background Hepatitis B is endemic amongst the Australian Aboriginal population in Northern Territory. A participatory action research project identified lack of culturally appropriate education tools and led to development “Hep Story” app language Yolŋu Matha. This paper describes a formal evaluation app’s first version, which informed improvements translation into further ten languages. Methods The employed Participatory Action Research (PAR) principles work within Indigenous...
Indigenous adults residing in the Northern Territory of Australia experience elevated rates invasive pneumococcal disease despite routine use 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (23vPPV). We hypothesised that limited protection from 23vPPV may be due to hyporesponsiveness as a result failure repeated vaccination. To explore this possibility, we evaluated immune response first and second dose non-Indigenous adults.
Abstract Background Chronic hepatitis B is a public health concern in Aboriginal communities the Northern Territory of Australia with prevalence almost four times non-Aboriginal population. Infection suspected to mainly occur early life, however, mode transmission and vaccine effectiveness not known this WHO has set target for elimination by 2030; disproportionately affected population will require understanding modes effectiveness. Methods We conducted study at very remote communities....
Abstract Background Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is one of the leading causes liver cirrhosis and cancer globally. In Australia, Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander people Northern Territory (NT) have highest prevalence CHB (6%) are six times more likely than non-Aboriginal to be diagnosed with cancer. 2010, a “liver one-stop shop” model specialised care research was initiated address this disparity. Despite many challenges, program accepted in NT communities. This study aimed identify key...
The Northern Territory (NT) has the highest prevalence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Australia. Hep PAST program aims to improve health outcomes for people living with CHB.
Ascertain predictors of inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) uptake in pregnancy mother-infant pairs from six Australian sites over four consecutive seasons (2012-2015).Prospective observational cohort study calculating proportions unvaccinated and vaccinated pregnancies. Multivariable logistic regression adjusted odds ratios (aOR) 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) to determine demographic, birth characteristics as IIV pregnancy.Uptake was 36% (n=3,651/9,878) with only 3-4% during the first...
Every year, about 1800 Australians die of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type primary liver cancer.1 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples Australia (hereon respectfully referred to as First Nations Australians) are 2.5 times more likely develop HCC 1.4 from than non-Indigenous Australians.2 with have a 9% five-year survival rate compared 23% for Australians,2 half be diagnosed early-stage receive curative therapy.2 This is driven by being adversely affected social,...
Abstract Many Indigenous Australians in northern Australia living with chronic hepatitis B are unaware of their diagnosis due to low screening rates. A venous blood point care test (POCT) or oral fluid laboratory could improve testing uptake this region. The purpose study was assess the field performance POCT and an surface antigen (HBsAg) individuals remote Australian communities. conducted four very communities tropical north Australia's Northern Territory. Community research workers...
Abstract Background The prevalence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians Far North Queensland (FNQ) is greater than twice that the general Australian population. CHB common Islanders diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) – Aboriginals HCC living Northern Territory however, FNQ very rarely have CHB. explanation for this apparent disparity uncertain. Aims To determine HBV genotypes population their correlation clinical phenotype. Methods We...
Abstract Indigenous peoples globally are at increased risk of COVID‐19‐associated morbidity and mortality. However, data that describe immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in populations lacking. We evaluated Australian First Nations hospitalized with COVID‐19. Our work comprehensively mapped out inflammatory, humoral adaptive following infection. Patients were recruited early the lifting strict public health measures Northern Territory, Australia, between November 2021 May 2022....
Abstract Objective There is increasing evidence to suggest that, among those with chronic hepatitis B virus infection, the natural history and rate of progression cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma influenced by genotype. The unique genotype C4 circulates Indigenous Australians. aim this work describe process establishing cohort review first 6 years available data in an effort understand real-world clinical care subgenotype. Method We followed a longitudinal Australians from Northern...
Indigenous Australians experience one of the highest rates pneumococcal disease globally. In Northern Territory Australia, a unique government‐funded vaccination schedule for Australian adults comprising multiple lifetime doses polysaccharide vaccine is currently implemented. Despite this programme, do not appear to be declining, with concerns raised over potential immune hyporesponse associated use vaccine. We undertook study examine immunogenicity and function single repeat among compared...
Abstract Background The Aboriginal health workforce provide responsive, culturally safe care. We aimed to co-design a course with and for the workforce. describe factors which led successful co-design, delivery, evaluation of “Managing hepatitis B” Methods A Participatory Action Research approach was used, involving ongoing consultation iteratively then develop content, materials, tools. An Torres Strait Islander research teaching team received education in chronic B methodologies. Pilot...