Louise C. Rowntree
A5053004510- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Protein purification and stability
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- interferon and immune responses
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
The University of Melbourne
2019-2025
Peter Doherty Institute
2019-2025
Monash University
2013-2020
The Alfred Hospital
2013-2020
Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute
2020
Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research centre
2014-2018
Discovery Institute
2015-2018
Humans commonly have low level antibodies to poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) due environmental exposure. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) mRNA vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 contain small amounts of PEG, but it is not known whether PEG are enhanced by vaccination and what their impact on particle–immune cell interactions in human blood. We studied plasma from 130 adults receiving either the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Moderna) no vaccine PEG-specific antibodies. Anti-PEG IgG was detected prior...
Significance As the recall of CD8 + T cell memory promotes rapid recovery in, for example, influenza, we investigated circulating SARS-CoV-2−specific cells from COVID-19 patients. For two HLA-A*02:01 epitopes, found that, while ex vivo frequencies responding were approximately fivefold higher than pre−COVID-19 samples, they ∼10-fold lower influenza or EBV-specific cells. Additionally, recovered convalescent patients had an atypically high prevalence stem memory, central and naïve phenotypes....
Abstract The hallmarks of COVID-19 are higher pathogenicity and mortality in the elderly compared to children. Examining baseline SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive immunological responses, induced by circulating human coronaviruses (hCoVs), is needed understand such divergent clinical outcomes. Here we show analysis coronavirus antibody responses pre-pandemic healthy children ( n = 89), adults 98), 57), patients 50) systems serology. Moderate levels cross-reactive, but non-neutralizing, antibodies...
SARS-CoV-2 causes a spectrum of COVID-19 disease, the immunological basis which remains ill defined. We analyzed 85 SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals at acute and/or convalescent time points, up to 102 days after symptom onset, quantifying 184 parameters. Acute presented with high levels IL-6, IL-18, and IL-10 broad activation marked by upregulation CD38 on innate adaptive lymphocytes myeloid cells. Importantly, activated CXCR3+cTFH1 cells in significantly correlate predict antibody their...
The host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection provide insights into both viral pathogenesis and patient management. host-encoded microRNA (miRNA) infection, however, remains poorly defined. Here we profiled circulating miRNAs from ten COVID-19 patients sampled longitudinally age gender matched healthy donors. We observed 55 that were altered in during early-stage disease, with the inflammatory miR-31-5p most strongly upregulated. Supervised machine learning analysis revealed a three-miRNA...
As the establishment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific T cell memory in children remains largely unexplored, we recruited convalescent COVID-19 and adults to define their circulating SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4
High-risk groups, including Indigenous people, are at risk of severe COVID-19. Here we found that Australian First Nations peoples elicit effective immune responses to COVID-19 BNT162b2 vaccination, neutralizing antibodies, receptor-binding domain (RBD) SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific B cells, and CD4+ CD8+ T cells. In participants, RBD IgG antibody titers were correlated with body mass index negatively age. Reduced cells follicular helper in vaccinated participants chronic conditions (diabetes,...
Abstract Diabetes mellitus is on the rise globally and a known susceptibility factor for severe influenza virus infections. However, mechanisms by which diabetes increases severity of an infection are yet to be fully defined. hallmarked high glucose concentrations in blood. We hypothesized that these affect functionality CD8 + T cells, play key role eliminating virus-infected cells have been shown decrease disease severity. To study effect hyperglycemia cell function, we stimulated...
Abstract The host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection provide insights into both viral pathogenesis and patient management. host-encoded microRNA (miRNA) infection, however, remains poorly defined. Here we profiled circulating miRNAs from ten COVID-19 patients sampled longitudinally age gender matched healthy donors. We observed 55 that were altered in during early-stage disease, with the inflammatory miR-31-5p most strongly upregulated. Supervised machine learning analysis revealed a...
Immunocompromised hematology patients are vulnerable to severe COVID-19 and respond poorly vaccination. Relative deficits in immunity are, however, unclear, especially after 3 vaccine doses. We evaluated immune responses across three vaccination Seropositivity was low a first dose of BNT162b2 ChAdOx1 (∼26%), increased 59%-75% second dose, 85% third dose. While prototypical antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) T follicular helper (Tfh) cell were elicited healthy participants, showed prolonged ASCs...
Abstract Human CMV still remains problematic in immunocompromised patients, particularly after solid organ transplantation. primary disease and reactivation greatly increase the risks associated with incidences of chronic allograft rejection decreased survival transplant recipients. But whether this is due to direct viral effects, indirect effects including cross-reactive antiviral T cell immunopathology, or a combination both undetermined. In article, we report novel TCR signature...
CD8+ T cells play an important role in vaccination and immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Although numerous SARS-CoV-2 cell epitopes have been identified, the molecular basis underpinning receptor (TCR) recognition of SARS-CoV-2-specific remains unknown. The response directed toward spike protein-derived S269-277 peptide presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A∗02:01 allomorph (hereafter HLA-A2S269-277 epitope) is, to date, most...
Abstract In‐depth understanding of human T‐cell‐mediated immunity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is needed if we are to optimize vaccine strategies and immunotherapies. Identification severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) T‐cell epitopes generation peptide–human leukocyte antigen (peptide–HLA) tetramers facilitate direct ex vivo analyses SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific T cells their receptor (TCR) repertoires. We utilized a combination peptide prediction vitro stimulation validate...
Respiratory tract infection with SARS-CoV-2 results in varying immunopathology underlying COVID-19. We examine cellular, humoral and cytokine responses covering 382 immune components longitudinal blood respiratory samples from hospitalized COVID-19 patients. SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM, IgG, IgA are detected blood, however, receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific IgM IgG seroconversion is enhanced specimens. neutralization activity correlates RBD-specific levels. Cytokines/chemokines vary between...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2, the pandemic coronavirus that causes COVID-19, has infected millions worldwide, causing unparalleled social and economic disruptions. COVID-19 results in higher pathogenicity mortality elderly compared to children. Examining baseline SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive immunological responses, induced by circulating human coronaviruses, is critical understand such divergent clinical outcomes. The cross-reactivity of antibody responses healthy children (n=89), adults (n=98),...
Abstract Objectives As the world transitions into a new era of COVID‐19 pandemic in which vaccines become available, there is an increasing demand for rapid reliable serological testing to identify individuals with levels immunity considered protective by infection or vaccination. Methods We used 34 SARS‐CoV‐2 samples perform surrogate virus neutralisation test (sVNT), applicable many laboratories as it circumvents need biosafety level‐3 containment. correlated results from sVNT five...
Summary SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce robust anti-spike (S) antibody and CD4+ T cell responses. It is not yet clear whether vaccine-induced follicular helper (TFH) responses contribute to this outstanding immunogenicity. Using fine needle aspiration of draining axillary lymph nodes from individuals who received the BNT162b2 vaccine, we show that frequency TFH correlates with S-binding germinal center B cells. Mining responding receptor repertoire revealed a strikingly immunodominant...
HLA-A*11:01 is one of the most prevalent human leukocyte antigens (HLAs), especially in East Asian and Oceanian populations. It also highly expressed Indigenous people who are at high risk severe influenza disease. As CD8 + T cells can provide broadly cross-reactive immunity to distinct strains subtypes, including A, B C viruses, understanding cell viruses across prominent HLA types needed rationally design a universal vaccine generate protective for high-risk only handful...
Pregnancy poses a greater risk for severe COVID-19; however, underlying immunological changes associated with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy are poorly understood. We defined immune responses to in unvaccinated pregnant and nonpregnant women acute convalescent COVID-19, quantifying 217 parameters. Humoral were similar women, although our systems serology approach revealed distinct antibody FcγR profiles between women. Cellular analyses demonstrated marked differences NK cell unconventional T...