A5035218973- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Respiratory viral infections research
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Malaria Research and Control
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- interferon and immune responses
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
The University of Queensland
2015-2025
Australian e-Health Research Centre
2023
Global Virus Network
2022
Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
2022
Children's Medical Research Institute
2021
AgriBio
2017
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias
2012
Centro Nacional de Microbiologia
2012
Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the most important viral agent of pediatric infections worldwide. The only specific treatment available today a humanized monoclonal antibody (Palivizumab) directed against F glycoprotein, administered prophylactically to children at very high risk severe hRSV infections. Palivizumab, as anti-F antibodies so far described, recognizes an epitope that shared by two conformations in which hRSV_F can fold, metastable prefusion form and highly stable...
Abstract The hallmarks of COVID-19 are higher pathogenicity and mortality in the elderly compared to children. Examining baseline SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive immunological responses, induced by circulating human coronaviruses (hCoVs), is needed understand such divergent clinical outcomes. Here we show analysis coronavirus antibody responses pre-pandemic healthy children ( n = 89), adults 98), 57), patients 50) systems serology. Moderate levels cross-reactive, but non-neutralizing, antibodies...
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is primarily a respiratory disease, however, an increasing number of reports indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection can also cause severe neurological manifestations, including precipitating cases probable Parkinson's disease. As microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation major driver neurodegeneration, here we interrogated whether promote activation. Using transgenic mice expressing human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) as COVID-19 pre-clinical model,...
Two antibodies against flaviviruses Flaviviruses are a group of RNA viruses that include the human pathogens dengue virus, Zika and West Nile virus. The envelope protein (E) on virus surface has been target vaccine development, but problems have arisen with E, leading to enhanced infection. Now, Modhiran et al. Biering describe two different bind flavivirus NS1 prevent it from disrupting epithelial cells, which is associated severe disease. Both cross-react multiple proteins. reduce viremia...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified as the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 and is capable human-to-human transmission rapid global spread. The emergence spread SARS-CoV-2 encouraged establishment a rapid, sensitive, reliable viral detection quantification methodology. Here, we present an alternative assay, termed immuno-plaque assay (iPA), which utilizes combination plaque immunofluorescence techniques. We have extensively optimized...
ABSTRACT Background and Objective Respiratory syncytial virus ( RSV ) is the most significant cause of acute respiratory infection ARI in early life. other viruses are known to stimulate substantial outgrowth potentially pathogenic bacteria upper airways young children. However, clinical significance interactions between currently unclear. The present study aimed clarify effect viral bacterial co‐detections on disease severity during paediatric . Methods Nasopharyngeal aspirates from...
Efforts to develop and deploy effective vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continue at pace. Here, we describe rational antigen design through manufacturability vaccine efficacy of a prefusion-stabilised spike (S) protein, Sclamp, in combination with the licensed adjuvant MF59 'MF59C.1' (Seqirus, Parkville, Australia).A panel recombinant Sclamp proteins were produced Chinese hamster ovary screened vitro select lead candidate. The structure this was...
Abstract In August 2022, a novel henipavirus (HNV) named Langya virus (LayV) was isolated from patients with severe pneumonic disease in China. This is closely related to Mòjiāng (MojV), and both are divergent the bat-borne HNV members, Nipah (NiV) Hendra (HeV) viruses. The spillover of LayV first instance zoonosis humans outside NiV HeV, highlighting continuing threat this genus poses human health. work, we determine prefusion structures MojV F proteins via cryogenic electron microscopy...
West Nile Virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus with rapidly expanding global distribution. Infection causes severe neurological disease and fatalities in both human animal hosts. The viral protease (NS2B-NS3) essential for post-translational processing host-infected cells of polypeptide precursor into structural functional proteins, its inhibition could represent potential treatment infections. This article describes the design, expression, enzymatic characterization catalytically...
West Nile Virus is becoming a widespread pathogen, infecting people on at least four continents with no effective treatment for these infections or many of their associated pathologies. A key enzyme that essential viral replication the protease NS2B-NS3, which highly conserved among all flaviviruses. Using combination molecular fitting substrates to active site crystal structure NS3, site-directed and cofactor mutagenesis, kinetic studies proteolytic processing panels short peptide...
West Nile virus (WNV) has spread rapidly around the globe, efficiently crossing species from migrating birds into humans and other mammals. The viral protease NS2B-NS3 is important for WNV replication recognizes dibasic substrate sequences common to flaviviral proteases but different most mammalian proteases. Potent inhibitors of with antiviral activity have been elusive date. We report smallest potent known this enzyme, cationic tripeptides nonpeptidic caps at N-terminus aldehyde...
Koala populations are in serious decline across many areas of mainland Australia, with infectious disease a contributing factor. retrovirus (KoRV) is gammaretrovirus present most wild koala and captive colonies. Five subtypes KoRV (A to E) have been identified based on amino acid sequence divergence hypervariable region the receptor binding domain envelope protein. However, analysis viral genetic diversity has conducted primarily koalas housed zoos Japan, United States, Germany. Wild within...
Abstract Repeated retroviral infections of vertebrate germlines have made endogenous retroviruses ubiquitous features mammalian genomes. However, millions years evolution obscure many the immediate repercussions endogenisation on host health. Here we examine during its earliest stages in koala ( Phascolarctos cinereus ), a species undergoing germline invasion by retrovirus (KoRV) and affected high cancer prevalence. We characterise KoRV integration sites (IS) tumour healthy tissues from 10...
The flavivirus NS2B/NS3 protease has received considerable attention as a target for the development of antiviral compounds. While substrate based inhibitors have been primary focus to date, an approach focussing on NS2B cofactor displacement could prove be effective alternative. To understand better role in activation, we conducted alanine mutagenesis screen throughout 42-residue central domain (NS2B(51-92)) West Nile virus (WNV). Two sites critical proteolytic activity were identified...
Nipah virus (NiV) is an emergent pathogen capable of causing acute respiratory illness and fatal encephalitis in pigs humans. A high fatality rate broad host tropism makes NiV a serious public animal health concern. There therefore urgent need for vaccines to protect animals In this study we investigated the immunogenicity bovine herpesvirus (BoHV-4) vectors expressing either attachment (G) or fusion (F) glycoproteins, BoHV-4-A-CMV-NiV-GΔTK BoHV-4-A-CMV-NiV-FΔTK, respectively pigs. The were...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2, the pandemic coronavirus that causes COVID-19, has infected millions worldwide, causing unparalleled social and economic disruptions. COVID-19 results in higher pathogenicity mortality elderly compared to children. Examining baseline SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive immunological responses, induced by circulating human coronaviruses, is critical understand such divergent clinical outcomes. The cross-reactivity of antibody responses healthy children (n=89), adults (n=98),...
Koala retrovirus (KoRV) subtype A (KoRV-A) is currently in transition from exogenous virus to endogenous viral element, providing an ideal system elucidate retroviral–host coevolution. We characterized KoRV geography using fecal DNA 192 samples across 20 populations throughout the koala’s range. reveal abrupt change genetics and incidence at Victoria/New South Wales state border. In northern koalas, pol gene copies were ubiquitously present above five per cell, consistent with KoRV. southern...