Molecular rotor-based fluorophores (RBFs) have been widely used in many fields. However, the lack of control their viscosity sensitivity limits application. Herein, this problem is resolved by chemically installing extended π-rich alternating carbon-carbon linkages between rotational electron donors and acceptors RBFs. The data reveal that length linkage strongly influences sensitivity, likely resulting from varying height energy barriers fluorescent planar dark twisted configurations. Three...

Aberrantly processed or mutant proteins misfold and assemble into a variety of soluble oligomers insoluble aggregates, process that is associated with an increasing number diseases are not curable manageable. Herein, we present chemical toolbox, AggFluor, allows for live cell imaging differentiation complex aggregated conformations in cells. Based on the chromophore core green fluorescent proteins, AggFluor comprised series molecular rotor fluorophores span wide range viscosity sensitivity....

Protein aggregation is a biological phenomenon in which aberrantly processed or mutant proteins misfold and assemble into variety of insoluble aggregates. Decades studies have delineated the structure, interaction, activity either their natively folded structures aggregates such as amyloid fibrils. However, intermediate species exist between these two extreme states protein folding landscape. Herein, we collectively term misfolded oligomers, including soluble oligomers preamyloid that are...

Abstract Fluorescence lifetime imaging has been a powerful tool for biomedical research. Recently, fluorescence lifetime‐based multiplexing expanded channels by using probes that harbor the same spectral and distinct excited state lifetime. While it is desirable to control of any given fluorescent probes, rational lifetimes remains challenge. Herein, we chose boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) as model system provided chemical strategies regulate its derivatives with varying features. We find...

Abstract Aberrant protein aggregation leads to various human diseases, but little is known about the physical chemical properties of these aggregated proteins in cells. Herein, we developed a boron‐dipyrromethene (BODIPY)‐based HaloTag probe, whose conjugation HaloTag‐fused allows us study aggregates using both fluorescence intensity and lifetime. Modulation BODIPY fluorophore reveals key structural features attain dual function. The optimized probe exhibits increased elongated lifetime...

A series of rod-shaped polyoxometalates (POMs) [Bu4 N]7 [Mo6 O18 NC(CH2 O)3 MnMo6 (OCH2 )3 CNMo6 ] and [ArNMo6 O17 NAr] (Ar=2,6-dimethylphenyl, naphthyl 1-methylnaphthyl) were chosen to study the effects cation-π interaction on macroionic self-assembly. Diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) techniques show that binding affinity between POMs Zn2+ ions is enhanced significantly after grafting aromatic groups onto clusters, leading effective replacement...

The formation of cellular condensates, akin to membraneless organelles, is typically mediated by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), during which proteins and RNA molecules interact with each other via multivalent interactions. Gaining a comprehensive understanding these interactions holds significance in unraveling the mechanisms underlying condensate pathology related diseases. In an attempt toward this end, fluorescence microscopy often used examine colocalization target proteins/RNAs....

The phase separation of intrinsically disordered proteins is emerging as an important mechanism for cellular organization. However, efforts to connect protein sequences the physical properties condensates, that is, molecular grammar, are hampered by a lack effective approaches probing high-resolution structural details. Using combination multiscale simulations and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy experiments, we systematically explored series systems consisting diblock elastin-like...

Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived pancreatic progenitors (PPs) provide promising therapies for type 1 diabetes. Current PP differentiation requires a high amount of Activin A during the definitive endoderm (DE) stage, making it economically difficult commercial ventures. Here we identify dose-dependent role Wnt signaling in controlling DE without A. While high-level activation induces mesodermal formation, low-level by small-molecule inhibitor glycogen synthase kinase 3 is...

Abstract Microenvironment is critical to the function of cells and organisms. One example provided by biomolecular condensates, whose microenvironment can be vastly different from surrounding cellular environments engage unique biological functions. How microenvironments condensates affect their structure remains unknown. Here, we show that arrangements partitioning biomolecules are dictated differences between micropolarity each subcompartment. Sufficient difference in results layered...

Automatic road extraction from satellite images is a popular research hotspot topic in the field of remote sensing. However, complexity features and structures hinders their precise extraction. Road have different saliency due to occlusion other objects diverse types. are scattered across various locations affected by geographical conditions, population distribution, transportation demands. These issues render current methods based on convolutional neural networks prone fragmented incomplete...

There is an unmet demand for research tools to monitor the multistep protein aggregation process in live cells, a that has been associated with growing number of human diseases. Recently, AIEgens have developed directly entire test tubes and cells. Future application expected shed light on both diagnosis treatment disease rooted aggregation.

We report a distinctive trend in the binding affinity of metal cations when they interact with lacunary Keggin-type polyoxometalate K7[α-PW11O39] clusters aqueous media. The follows special trends Li+ > Na+ K+ for monovalent and Mg2+ Ca2+ Sr2+ Ba2+ divalent cations, completely reversed from common < macroion–counterion ion-pair formation dilution solution. Isothermal titration calorimetry NMR measurements confirm that hydration shells are significantly broken during interaction nanoscale...

The phase separation of intrinsically disordered proteins is emerging as an important mechanism for cellular organization. However, efforts to connect protein sequences the physical properties condensates, i.e., molecular grammar, are hampered by a lack effective approaches probing high-resolution structural details. Using combination multiscale simulations and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy experiments, we systematically explored series systems consisting diblock elastin-like...

The phase separation of intrinsically disordered proteins is emerging as an important mechanism for cellular organization. However, efforts to connect protein sequences the physical properties condensates, i.e., molecular grammar, are hampered by a lack effective approaches probing high-resolution structural details. Using combination multiscale simulations and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy experiments, we systematically explored series systems consisting diblock elastin-like...

Abstract Molecular rotor‐based fluorophores (RBFs) have been widely used in many fields. However, the lack of control their viscosity sensitivity limits application. Herein, this problem is resolved by chemically installing extended π‐rich alternating carbon‐carbon linkages between rotational electron donors and acceptors RBFs. The data reveal that length linkage strongly influences sensitivity, likely resulting from varying height energy barriers fluorescent planar dark twisted...

Abstract A series of rod‐shaped polyoxometalates (POMs) [Bu 4 N] 7 [Mo 6 O 18 NC(CH 2 O) 3 MnMo (OCH ) CNMo ] and [ArNMo 17 NAr] (Ar=2,6‐dimethylphenyl, naphthyl 1‐methylnaphthyl) were chosen to study the effects cation–π interaction on macroionic self‐assembly. Diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) techniques show that binding affinity between POMs Zn 2+ ions is enhanced significantly after grafting aromatic groups onto clusters, leading effective...

Lactic acid-functionalized chiral fullerene (C60) molecules are used as models to understand selection in macroionic solutions involving macroions, counterions, and/or co-ions. With the addition of Zn2+ cations, C60 macroions exhibit slow self-assembly behavior into hollow, spherical, blackberry-type structures, confirmed by laser light scattering (LLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force (AFM) techniques. Chiral counterions with high charge density show no chirality...

Measuring the diffusivity of molecules is first step toward understanding their dependence and controlling diffusion, but challenge increases with decrease molecular size, particularly for non-fluorescent non-reactive such as solvents. Here, capability to monitor solvent exchange process within micropores silica millisecond time resolution demonstrated, by simply embedding a rotor-based fluorophore (thioflavin T) in colloidal nanoparticles. Basically, provides an extreme case viscous...

The phase separation of intrinsically disordered proteins is emerging as an important mechanism for cellular organization. However, efforts to connect protein sequences the physical properties condensates, i.e., molecular grammar, are hampered by a lack effective approaches probing high-resolution structural details. Using combination multiscale simulations and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy experiments, we systematically explored series systems consisting diblock elastin-like...

The phase separation of intrinsically disordered proteins is emerging as an important mechanism for cellular organization. However, efforts to connect protein sequences the physical properties condensates, that is, molecular grammar, are hampered by a lack effective approaches probing high-resolution structural details. Using combination multiscale simulations and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy experiments, we systematically explored series systems consisting diblock elastin-like...

Fluorescent proteins (FPs) have gained much attention over the last few decades as powerful tools in bioimaging since discovery of green fluorescent protein (GFP) 1960s. The mechanism FP bioluminenscence has been well-studied, and new variants with improved photophysical properties are being constantly generated. In this review, a brief history GFP along its biogenesis is first provided. Next, quenching governing property elaborated. Most importantly, we seek to introduce expanding family...