A5102719839- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights
- Ion Channels and Receptors
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Griffith University
2024
University of Cambridge
1986-2023
University of Pennsylvania
2014-2021
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
1996-2020
IDEXX Laboratories (United States)
2017
WA Country Health Service
2015
Innovative BioTherapies (United States)
2011-2012
Michigan United
2011
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1993-2001
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
1992-2001
We and others have previously described the isolation of three human alpha (1,3)fucosyltransferase genes which form basis a nascent glycosyltransferase gene family. now report molecular cloning expression fourth homologous gene. When transfected into mammalian cells, this fucosyltransferase is capable directing Lewis x (Gal beta 1-->4[Fuc 1-->3]GlcNAc), sialyl (NeuNAc 2-->3Gal 1-->4 [Fuc difucosyl 1-->3]GlcNAc 1-->3 Gal 1-->3]GlcNAc) epitopes. The enzyme shares 85% amino acid sequence...
Lymphocyte homing to lymph nodes and Peyer's patches is mediated, in part, by adhesive interactions between L-selectin expressed lymphocytes ligands displayed at the surface of cuboidal endothelial cells lining post-capillary venules within lymphoid aggregates. Candidate terminal oligosaccharide structures thought be essential for effective ligand activity include a sulfated derivative sialyl Lewis × tetrasaccharide. Cell type-specific synthesis this presumed require one or more...
Precision monitoring of antibody responses during the COVID-19 pandemic is increasingly important large scale vaccine rollout and rise in prevalence
Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and lutropin (eLH) are heterodimeric glycoprotein hormones which synthesized in the placenta pituitary, respectively. The beta subunits of eCG eLH, like their alpha subunits, arise from a single gene have identical amino acid sequences. In contrast, CG LH primates different genes differ sequence. We examined structures Asn-linked oligosaccharides on eLH. bears di- tri-branched terminating with Sia 2,3 or 6Gal 1,4GlcNAc. > 72% eLH 1 2 branches sequence...
Abstract A 35‐year‐old homosexual man with acquired immune deficiency syndrome developed progressive dementia and spastic quadriparesis over a two‐month period. Severe symmetrical, bilateral degeneration of the corticospinal frontopontine fibers cerebellar white matter were found postmortem. Several glial nodules in brainstem cerebellum suggested “smoldering” encephalitis. The possible association adenovirus that was isolated from patient's cerebrospinal fluid to these obscure changes...
Objective Septic shock has a clinical mortality rate approaching fifty percent. The major manifestations of sepsis are due to the dysregulation host's response infection rather than direct consequences invading pathogen. Central this initial immunologic is activation leukocytes and microvascular endothelium resulting in cardiovascular instability, lung injury renal dysfunction. Due primary role leukocyte syndrome, synthetic biomimetic membrane, called selective cytopheretic device (SCD), was...
The rise of SARS-CoV-2 variants has made the pursuit to define correlates protection more troublesome, despite availability World Health Organisation (WHO) International Standard for anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin sera, a key reagent used standardise laboratory findings into an international unitage. Using pseudotyped virus, we examine capacity convalescent from well-defined cohort healthcare workers (HCW) and Patients infected during first wave national critical care centre in UK neutralise...
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) produced by endothelial cells contains sulfated Asn-linked oligosaccharides. We have determined that greater than 70% of the oligosaccharides on recombinant TFPI expressed in 293 terminate with sequence SO4-4GalNAc beta 1, 4GlcNAc 2Man alpha. Oligosaccharides terminating this previously been described lutropin, thyrotropin, and pro-opiomelanocortin: glycoproteins synthesized anterior pituitary. A GalNAc-transferase recognizes tripeptide motif...
As of June, 2021, the UK population is only partly vaccinated against COVID-19, with many people having received just one vaccination dose (either BNT162b2 [Pfizer–BioNTech]) or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 [AZD1222; Oxford–AstraZeneca]). Tracking spread SARS-CoV-2 Variants Concern (VOCs) remains important for understanding levels vaccine-induced immunity and identifying emergence vaccine escape variants. The immune correlates protection to COVID-19 established in phase 3 clinical trials following two...
Abstract RaTG13 is a close relative of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19 pandemic, sharing 96% sequence similarity at genome-wide level. The spike receptor binding domain (RBD) contains number amino acid substitutions when compared to likely impacting affinity ACE2 receptor. Antigenic differences between viruses are less well understood, especially whether can be efficiently neutralised by antibodies generated from infection with, or vaccination against, SARS-CoV-2. Using and...
Abstract Precision monitoring of antibody responses during the COVID-19 pandemic is increasingly important large scale vaccine rollout and rise in prevalence Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants concern (VOC). Equally defining Correlates Protection (CoP) for SARS-CoV-2 infection disease. Data from epidemiological studies trials identified virus neutralising antibodies (Nab) antigen-specific (notably RBD, S) binding as candidate CoP. In this study, we...
We have determined that 280% of the Asn-linked oligosaccharides on glycosylated form mouse adrenocorticotropin (15-kDa (ACTH)) bear one or more branches terminating with sequence S04-4GalNAc/31,4GlcNAc~1, 2Mana (S4GGnM).Proopiomelanocortin (POMC), precursor ACTH, is first example a glycoprotein not member hormone family to such sulfated structures.Like lutropin and thyrotropin, 15-kDa ACTH bears dibranched S04-4-GalNAc; however, at least half SO4-4-GalNAc consist highly branched structures...
Previous studies have described increased innate immune activation in HIV-1-exposed seronegative intravenous drug users (HESN-IDU), but not addressed the independent role of injected drugs and/or repeated injections driving activation.In this study, we investigated [natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells] adaptive (HIV-specific antibody CD8 T cell) parameters among a high-risk cohort needle-sharing HESN-IDU subjects compared them with low-risk nonsharing IDU (NS-IDU) non-drug-user...
The virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the global disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, spread rapidly around world causing high morbidity and mortality. However, there are four known, endemic seasonal coronaviruses in humans (HCoVs), whether antibodies these HCoVs play a role severity of COVID-19 disease has generated lot interest. Of viruses NL63 is particular interest as it uses same cell entry receptor SARS-CoV-2. We use functional,...
A prototype assay was used to genotype integrase (IN) from 120 HIV-1- infected IN inhibitor-naive adults Argentina, Brazil, Cameroon, South Africa, Thailand, and Uganda. Subtype designations based on analysis of pol sequences were (14), B (15), C (12), D (11), F G (7), H (1), CRF01_AE (9), CRF02_AG (34), CRF22_01A1 (4), CRF37_cpx (1). Ten (8.3%) samples had mutations associated with reduced susceptibility the inhibitors, raltegravir elvitegravir. Two E92Q (both subtype B) eight E157Q (2A,...
There is accumulating evidence that sulfated lipids, oligosaccharides and other compounds are reactive with selectins in a manner interferes selectin interactions their natural ligands. In the report we describe ability of lipids (sulfatides gangliosides) multimeric forms sialic acid to block binding P- E-selectin-Ig neutrophils. The vivo these lung injury rats following i.v. infusion purified cobra venom factor (CVF), which induces L- P-selectin dependent, was also determined as well...
Introduction Recently, we reported that post COVID-19 condition patients also have Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 3 (TRPM3) ion channel dysfunction, a potential biomarker in natural killer (NK) cells from Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) patients. As there is no universal treatment for condition, knowledge of ME/CFS may provide advances to investigate therapeutic targets. Naltrexone hydrochloride (NTX) has been demonstrated be beneficial as pharmacological...
Immunodeficient patients (IDPs) are at higher risk of contracting severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Targeted vaccination strategies have been implemented to enhance vaccine-induced protection. In this population, however, clinical effectiveness is variable and the duration protection unknown.We sought better understand cellular humoral immune responses mRNA adenoviral vectored COVID-19 vaccines in with immunodeficiency.Immune acute respiratory syndrome 2 spike were assessed after...
The authors raise concerns that selection bias may have compromised the finding of Travers et al. infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-2 confers natural protection against HIV-1 infection. In this study commercial sex workers from Senegal seroconversion rate after 9 years observation was 1.06/100 person-years among HIV-2-infected women compared to 2.53/100 HIV seronegative women. However in an earlier (1994) paper same research group reported 1.11/100 general population followed...
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is an oncogenic retrovirus of cats. Immunoassays for the p27 core protein FeLV aid in detection infections. Commercial microtiter-plate ELISAs have rapid protocols and visual result interpretation, limiting their usefulness high-throughput situations. The purpose our study was to validate PetChek 15 ELISA, which designed reference laboratory, incorporates sequential, orthogonal screening confirmatory protocols. A cutoff assay established with 100% accuracy using...