A5070748471- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Antiplatelet Therapy and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Skin Protection and Aging
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Calpain Protease Function and Regulation
- Wound Healing and Treatments
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Platelet Disorders and Treatments
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
- Apelin-related biomedical research
University of Milan
2011-2024
Dulbecco Telethon Institute
2007
Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana
2007
University of Naples Federico II
1992-2006
Hemophilia Center of Western Pennsylvania
1995
University at Buffalo, State University of New York
1995
Yale University
1994
Thomas Jefferson University
1985
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
1985
University of Pennsylvania
1985
Abstract Aims Human epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, heart failure. Microscopically, EAT is composed adipocytes, nerve tissues, inflammatory, stromovascular, immune cells. Epicardial white tissue, albeit it also has brown fat-like or beige features. No muscle fascia divides myocardium; this allows direct interaction crosstalk between fat myocardium. Thus, might be therapeutic target for...
OBJECTIVE Cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor is involved in whole-body and cellular energy metabolism. We asked whether CB1 stimulation was able to decrease mitochondrial biogenesis different metabolically active tissues of obese high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The effects selective agonist arachidonyl-2-chloroethanolamide (ACEA) endocannabinoids anandamide 2-arachidonoylglycerol on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression were examined, as DNA amount...
This study was designed to test the hypothesis that improved mitochondrial biogenesis could help reducing ischemic cerebral injury. We found levels of proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α and nuclear respiratory factor-1, DNA content other markers function were reduced in primary mouse cortical neurons under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). The glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitor SB216763 activated an efficient program control counteracted OGD-mediated impairment....
Endurance exercise training increases cardiac energy metabolism through poorly understood mechanisms. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in cardiomyocytes contributes to adaptation. Here we demonstrate that the donor diethylenetriamine-NO (DETA-NO) activated mitochondrial biogenesis and function, as assessed upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1, transcription A (Tfam) expression, increased DNA...
Inflammation plays a pivotal role in atherothrombosis. In addition to being prognostic marker for major cardiovascular events, recent data indicate that C-reactive protein (CRP) might directly promote atherothrombosis by exerting direct effects on vascular cells. The aim of the present study was determine whether CRP affect prothrombotic and proliferative characteristics endothelial (ECs) smooth muscle cells (SMCs).Incubation ECs SMCs with resulted dose-dependent activation cell...
Tissue factor (TF) is a transmembrane protein that binds VII/VIIa, thus activating the extrinsic blood coagulation pathway. Since this pathway appears to be involved in formation of intravascular thrombi, anti-rabbit TF monoclonal antibody, AP-1, was produced and tested as an antithrombotic agent rabbit model recurrent thrombosis. In model, plastic constrictor positioned around injured carotid arteries, flow monitored with Doppler probe. This produces cyclic variation (CFV) artery, which...
ABSTRACT The effect of thyroid hormones on metabolism has long supported their potential as drugs to stimulate fat reduction, but the concomitant induction a thyrotoxic state greatly limited use. Recent evidence suggests that 3,5‐diiodo‐ L ‐thyronine (T 2 ), naturally occurring iodothyronine, stimulates metabolic rate via mechanisms involving mitochondrial apparatus. We examined whether this would result in reduced energy storage. Here, we show T administration rats receiving high‐fat diet...
Abstract Aims Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, requiring novel therapeutic and lifestyle interventions. Metabolic alterations energy production deficit are hallmarks thereby promising targets for this complex clinical syndrome. We aim to study the molecular mechanisms effects on cardiac function in rodents HFrEF designer diet which free essential amino acids—in specifically designed percentages—substituted protein. Methods...
Coping with reduced energy sources entails drastic morphological and functional changes in skeletal muscle, but the sequence of events required classification. We found that gastrocnemius muscle from food-deprived rats shows acute rises peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) gamma coactivator (PGC) -1alpha/PPAR delta nuclear protein myosin heavy chain (MHC) Ib protein, while type I fibers accumulate tissue appears redder. AMP levels, phosphorylation both AMP-activated kinase...
It has been shown that endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) may inhibit platelet aggregation in vitro through activation of platelet-soluble guanylate cyclase. To assess whether EDRF also affect function vivo, intravascular was initiated by placing an external constrictor around endothelially injured rabbit carotid arteries. Carotid blood flow velocity measured continuously a Doppler probe placed proximal to the constrictor. After placement constrictor, cyclic reductions (CFRs), due...
Chronic alcohol consumption promotes mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, defective protein metabolism, and fat accumulation in hepatocytes (liver steatosis). Inadequate amino acid metabolism is worsened by malnutrition, frequently present alcohol-consuming patients, with reduced circulating branched-chain acids (BCAAs). Here we asked whether dietary supplementation a specific mixture, enriched BCAAs (BCAAem) able to promote function muscle of middle-aged rodents, would prevent...
Anthracycline anticancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), can induce cardiotoxicity supposed to be related mitochondrial damage. We have recently demonstrated that a branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-enriched mixture (BCAAem), supplemented with drinking water middle-aged mice, was able promote biogenesis in cardiac and skeletal muscle. To maximally favor increase oxidative metabolism function, here we tested new original formula, composed of essential acids, tricarboxylic cycle precursors...
Over the past decades, a generalised increase in food portion sizes has probably contributed to growing global obesity epidemic. Increasing awareness of appropriate could contribute reversing this trend through better control calorie intake. In study, comparison standard European countries for various categories shows wide variability their importance food, nutrient, and energy consumption according government institutional websites. On other hand, overall averages appear be largely line...
We evaluated the effects of fasting on gene expression profile in rat gastrocnemius muscle using a combined cDNA array and RT-PCR approach. Of 1176 distinct genes analyzed array, 114 were up-regulated more than twofold response to fasting, including all 17 related lipid metabolism present membranes 10 components proteasome machinery. Only 7 down-regulated twofold. On basis our analysis plus data from assays, metabolic adaptations shown by during are reflected i) increased transcription both...
Growing evidences indicate that proteases are implicated in adipogenesis and the onset of obesity. We previously reported cysteine protease cathepsin K (ctsk) is overexpressed white adipose tissue (WAT) obese individuals. herein characterized WAT metabolic phenotype ctsk deficient animals (ctsk−/−). When growth rate ctsk−/− was compared to wild type (WT), we could establish a time window (5–8 weeks age) within which ctsk−/−display significantly lower body weight size as WT. Such difference...
Reduced activation of energy metabolism increases adiposity in humans and other mammals. Thus, exploring dietary molecular mechanisms able to improve is paramount medical importance because such can be leveraged as a therapy for obesity related disorders. Here, we show that designer protein-deprived diet enriched free essential amino acids 1) promote the brown fat thermogenic program fatty acid oxidation, 2) stimulate uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-independent respiration subcutaneous white...
Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive subtype characterized by the absence of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, estrogen and progesterone receptors, limiting targeted therapy options. Cisplatin, a chemotherapeutic agent, induces DNA damage exhibits some efficacy against triple-negative cancer, but its effectiveness often reduced chemoresistance systemic toxicity. A very promising strategy to augment cisplatin treatment can be based on combining it with biologic Cetuximab,...
T(3) regulates energy metabolism by stimulating metabolic rate and decreasing efficiency. The discovery of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3), its homology to UCP1, regulation rendered it a possible molecular determinant the action on metabolism, but data are controversial. This controversy may in part be attributable discrepancies observed between UCP3 expression rats, humans, mice. To clarify this issue, we studied 1) induction kinetics gene rat skeletal muscle, 2) influence fatty...
Aims: Myopathy, characterized by mitochondrial oxidative stress, occurs in ∼10% of statin-treated patients, and a major risk exists with potent statins such as rosuvastatin (Rvs). We sought to determine whether peculiar branched-chain amino acid-enriched mixture (BCAAem), found improve function reduce stress muscle middle-aged mice, was able prevent Rvs myopathy. Results: Dietary supplementation BCAAem the structural functional alterations induced young mice. Rvs-increased plasma...
Profound metabolic alterations characterize cancer development and, beyond glucose addiction, amino acid (AA) dependency is now recognized as a hallmark of tumour growth. Therefore, targeting the addiction tumours by reprogramming their substrate utilization an attractive therapeutic strategy. We hypothesized that dietary approach targeted to stimulate oxidative metabolism could reverse inflexibility and represent proper adjuvant therapy.We measured in xenografted mice fed with designer,...
We investigated the role of uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) during fasting and examined effect triiodothyronine (T3) administration in such a condition. The possible involvement mitochondrial thioesterase (MTE I) putative cofactors, as coenzyme Q (CoQ), was also examined. Here, we report that induced more than twofold elevation expression activity MTE I, an increase UCP3 expression, without any associated activity. Administration T3 to rats further up-regulated well I markedly enhanced enzyme...