A5090719303- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
- Medical Device Sterilization and Disinfection
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Biochemical and Molecular Research
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Genomics and Rare Diseases
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2014-2016
United States Department of Health and Human Services
2015
Wadsworth Center
1998-2012
New York State Department of Health
2000-2012
New York University
2001
Durham VA Medical Center
2001
Albany Medical Center Hospital
1992
Abstract Background The Direct Repeat locus of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) is a member CRISPR (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) sequences family. Spoligotyping widely used PCR-based reverse-hybridization blotting technique that assays genetic diversity this and useful both for clinical laboratory, molecular epidemiology, evolutionary population genetics. It easy, robust, cheap, produces highly diverse portable numerical results, as result...
ABSTRACT The present update on the global distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex spoligotypes provides both octal and binary descriptions for M. complex, including bovis , from >90 countries (13,008 patterns grouped into 813 shared types containing 11,708 isolates 1,300 orphan patterns). A number potential indices were developed to summarize information biogeographical specificity a given type, as well its geographical spreading (matching code index, respectively). To...
Abstract We present a short summary of recent observations on the global distribution major clades Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, causative agent tuberculosis. This was defined by data-mining an international spoligotyping database, SpolDB3. database contains 11,708 patterns from as many clinical isolates originating more than 90 countries. The spoligotypes were clustered into 813 shared types. A total 1,300 orphan (clinical showing unique spoligotype) also detected.
ABSTRACT The Latin American-Mediterranean (LAM) family of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is believed to be the cause ∼15% cases worldwide. Previously, we defined a prevalent sublineage LAM in Brazil by single characteristic genomic deletion designated RD Rio . Using Brazilian strains, pinpoint an Ag85C 103 nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (screened restriction fragment length [RFLP] analysis) that correctly identified all strains. Importantly, strains concomitantly possessed RD174 deletion. These...
In performing radiometric susceptibility testing on over 2,000 patient isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during the past 6 years, we found that resistance to 7.5 microg/ml ethambutol (EMB) occurred only in are also resistant 0.4 isoniazid (INH). Using 157 selected present study, performed and agar proportion tests DNA sequencing genetic regions associated with these two drugs. The goal was study occurrence common mutations each drug determine whether any particular...
In 2001, New York City implemented genotyping to its tuberculosis (TB) control activities by using IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and spoligotyping type isolates from culture-positive TB patients. Results are used identify previously unknown links among genotypically clustered patients, unidentified sites of transmission, potential false-positive cultures. From 2001 2003, spoligotype IS6110-based RFLP results were obtained for 90.7% eligible 93.7% submitted isolates....
ABSTRACT Multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) are defined by resistance to at least rifampin (RMP) and isoniazid (INH). Rapid accurate detection multidrug is essential for effective treatment interruption disease transmission (TB). Overdiagnosis MDR TB may result in with second-line drugs that more costly, less effective, poorly tolerated than first-line drugs. CDC offers rapid confirmation the molecular drug (MDDR) mutations associated RMP INH...
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Rv and H37Ra are the most commonly used controls for M. identification in clinical research laboratory setting. To reduce likelihood of misidentification possible cross-contamination with this neotype, it is important to be able distinguish H37 from isolates. provide a reference identifying H37, we multiple molecular techniques characterize strains, including 18 frequently variants available through American Type Culture Collection. Isolates were...
From January 1, 1995, to December 31, 1997, we reviewed records of all New York City patients who had multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB); performed insertion sequence (IS) 6110-based DNA genotyping on the isolates.Secondary was for low IS6110 copy band strains.Patients with identical pattern strains were considered clustered.From 1995 through MDRTB diagnosed in 241 patients; 217 (90%) no prior treatment history, and 166 (68.9%) born United States or Puerto Rico.Compared non-MDRTB...
We describe the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of a mono-rifampin-resistant (RIF(R)) Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain cluster (designated AU-RIF(R)) acquisition additional drug resistance. Drug susceptibility, sequences regions that determine resistance, basic clinical data were examined. A rare codon duplication (514(TTC)) in rpoB conferring high levels RIF(R) (minimum inhibitory concentration >256 microg/mL) 29 isolates was identified. AU-RIF(R) strains developed secondary...
DNA sequencing of rpoB and culture-based drug susceptibility results were evaluated for samples referred confirmation rifampin resistance detected by the Cepheid Xpert MTB/RIF assay. Silent mutations associated with low-level found in study population. These data support CDC recommendations to confirm results.
Menaquinone (MK) plays a central role in the respiratory chain of Bacillus subtilis. The biosynthesis MK requires formation naphthoquinone ring via series specific reactions branching from shikimate pathway. "Early" MK-specific catalyze o-succinylbenzoate (OSB) isochorismate, and "late" convert OSB to dihydroxynaphthoate, by utilizing an OSB-coenzyme A intermediate. We have cloned sequenced B. subtilis menE menB genes encoding, respectively, synthase dihydroxynaphthoate synthase. MenB open...
Ethambutol (EMB) is used as a part of drug regimens for treatment tuberculosis (TB). Susceptibility Mycobacterium complex (MTBC) isolates to EMB can be discerned by DNA sequencing detect mutations in the embB gene associated with resistance. US Public Health Laboratories (PHL) primarily use growth-based susceptibility test (DST) methods determine The Centers Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides service molecular detection resistance (MDDR) concurrent DST using agar proportion. PHL...
Abstract Objective: To investigate a possible nosocomial outbreak of tuberculosis (TB). Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Community hospital. Methods: We reviewed medical records, hospital infection control measures, and potential locations exposure. examined the results acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smears, cultures, drug susceptibility testing, performed DNA fingerprint analysis. observed laboratory specimen processing procedures bronchoscope disinfection procedures. also bronchoscopy...
Abstract A distinct branch of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis W phylogenetic lineage (W14 group) has been identified and characterized by various genotyping techniques. The W14 group comprises three strain variants: W14, W23, W26, which accounted for 26 clinical isolates from New York City metropolitan area. shares a unique IS6110 hybridizing banding motif as well polymorphic GC-rich repetitive sequence variable number tandem repeat patterns. All members have high levels streptomycin...
A cohort of 56 patients infected with related strains Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the S75 group, was identified in a New Jersey population-based study all isolates low number copies insertion element IS6110. Genotyping combined surveillance data to identify group and elucidate its recent evolution. The had similar demographic geographic characteristics. Seventeen persons (30%) were linked epidemiologically. segregated from other low-copy-number on basis several independent molecular methods....
We estimated direct medical and nonmedical costs associated with a false diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) caused by laboratory cross-contamination Mycobacterium cultures in Massachusetts 1998 1999.For three patients who received misdiagnoses active TB disease on the basis cross-contamination, totaled U.S.$32,618.Of total, 97% was attributed to public sector (local state health departments, hospital laboratory, county correctional facilities); 3% private (physicians, hospitals, laboratories);...
Abstract We used molecular genotyping to further understand the epidemiology and transmission patterns of tuberculosis (TB) in Massachusetts. The study population included 983 TB patients whose cases were verified by Massachusetts Department Public Health between July 1, 1996, December 31, 2000, for whom results information on country origin available. Two hundred seventy-two (28%) genetic clusters, isolates from U.S-born twice as likely cluster those foreign-born (odds ratio [OR] 2.29, 95%...