A5026442289- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
- Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Teacher Education and Leadership Studies
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Bone Tumor Diagnosis and Treatments
- Parental Involvement in Education
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Education Systems and Policy
- Student Assessment and Feedback
- Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Bone health and treatments
- Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Celiac Disease Research and Management
- Education Discipline and Inequality
- Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology
- Microscopic Colitis
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Computational Physics and Python Applications
Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales
2019-2025
University of Exeter
2015-2024
Sustainability Institute
2024
NHS England
2024
Loughborough University
2024
Seat (Spain)
2024
Memorial University of Newfoundland
2021-2023
Indiana University Bloomington
2023
Jacobs (United States)
2023
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
2023
Abstract The geographic ranges of many species have shifted polewards and uphill in elevation associated with climate warming, leading to increases richness at high latitudes elevations. However, few studies addressed community‐level responses change across the entire elevational gradients mountain ranges, or warm lower where ecological diversity is expected decline. Here, we show shifts butterfly composition Sierra de Guadarrama (central Spain) between 1967–1973 2004–2005. Butterfly...
The spondylarthritides (SpA), including ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), reactive arthritis, and associated with inflammatory bowel disease, cause chronic inflammation of the large peripheral axial joints, eyes, skin, ileum, colon. Genetic studies reveal common candidate genes for AS, PsA, Crohn's IL23R, IL12B, STAT3, CARD9, all which are interleukin-23 (IL-23) signaling downstream dectin 1 β-glucan receptor. In autoimmune-prone SKG mice mutated ZAP-70, attenuates T...
The benefits of protected areas (PAs) for biodiversity have been questioned in the context climate change because PAs are static, whereas distributions species dynamic. Current may, however, continue to be important if they provide suitable locations colonize at their leading-edge range boundaries, thereby enabling spread into new regions. Here, we present an empirical assessment role as targets colonization during recent expansions. Records from intensive surveys revealed that seven bird...
Anthropogenic climate change is projected to become a major driver of biodiversity loss, destabilizing the ecosystems on which human society depends. As planet rapidly warms, disruption ecological interactions among populations, species and their environment, will likely drive positive feedback loops, accelerating pace magnitude losses. We propose that, even without invoking such amplifying feedback, loss should increase nonlinearly with warming because non-uniform distribution biodiversity....
We studied the natural history of primary hyperparathyroidism in patients whom disease was discovered fortuitously by multichannel biochemical screening and who were selected for conservative management because they asymptomatic, had no renal stone or radiographic osteitis fibrosa, serum calcium values below 3.00 mmol/L, creatinine levels 133 μmol/L, forearm bone density not more than 2.5 sd mean expected age, sex, race. One hundred seventy-four meeting these criteria encountered during a...
Summary There is a great concern about the loss of biodiversity that calls for more nature protection. Unfortunately, funding available conservation limited, and often compromise needed between protection economic interests. Reserve selection algorithms are optimization techniques concentrate on identifying set reserves represents efficiently. Simple approaches to reserve use presence–absence data assuming if species occurs in selected reserve, it will persist there indefinitely. A...
1. The ranges of many species have expanded in cool regions but contracted at warm margins response to recent climate warming, the mechanisms behind such changes remain unclear. Particular debate concerns roles direct climatic limitation vs. effects interacting explaining location low latitude or elevation range margins. 2. mountains Sierra de Guadarrama (central Spain) include both and for black-veined white butterfly, Aporia crataegi, which has disappeared from elevations since 1970s...
Summary The impact of climate change on the distribution, abundance, phenology and ecophysiology species is already well documented, whereas influence habitat choice utilization has received little attention. Here we report changing associations a thermally constrained grassland butterfly, Hesperia comma , over 20 years. Between 1982 2001–2, optimum percentage bare ground within used for egg‐laying shifted from 41% to 21%. Egg‐laying rates are temperature‐dependent females actively adjust...
Summary The use of species distribution models to understand and predict species' distributions necessitates tests fit empirical data. Numerous performance metrics have been proposed, many which require continuous occurrence probabilities be converted binary ‘present or absent’ predictions using threshold transformations. It is widely accepted that both should independent prevalence (the proportion locations are occupied). However, because these mostly assessed on a case‐specific basis,...
Study Objective: To determine the prevalence of vertebral fractures in patients with mild asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism and to ascertain whether this is increased comparison rate a retrospective control group previously studied at same institution or current estimates risk for subjects similar age. Design: Prospectively collected data were retrospectively analyzed compared from historical published data. Setting: The outpatient department bone mineral metabolism clinic. Patients:...
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a commercially important high production chemical widely used in epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics, ubiquitous the environment. Previous studies demonstrated that BPA activates estrogenic signaling pathways associated with adverse effects on reproduction vertebrates exposure can induce epigenetic changes. We aimed to investigate reproductive of fish model document its mechanisms toxicity. exposed breeding groups zebrafish (Danio rerio) 0.01, 0.1, 1 mg/L for 15 d....
A key question facing conservation biologists is whether declines in species' distributions are keeping pace with landscape change, or current overestimate probabilities of future persistence. We use metapopulations the marsh fritillary butterfly Euphydryas aurinia United Kingdom as a model system to test for extinction debt declining species. derive parameters metapopulation (incidence function model, IFM) using information from 625-km2 where habitat patch occupancy, colonization, and rates...
Abstract Aim Despite predictions of high extinction risk resulting from climate change, range expansions have been documented more frequently than retractions, prompting suggestions that species can endure climatic changes by persisting in cool or damp microclimates. We test whether such ‘microrefugia’ exist. Location The U nited K ingdom. Methods examine fine‐scale the plant communities a coastal grassland over 30‐year period which spring temperatures increased 1.4 °C. look at community...
Abstract Ecological responses to climate change may depend on complex patterns of variability in weather and local microclimate that overlay global increases mean temperature. Here, we show high‐resolution temporal spatial temperature drives the dynamics range expansion for an exemplar species, butterfly Hesperia comma . Using fine‐resolution (5 m) models vegetation surface microclimate, estimate thermal suitability 906 habitat patches at species' margin 27 years. Population metapopulation...
The existence of fine-grain climate heterogeneity has prompted suggestions that species may be able to survive future change in pockets suitable microclimate, termed 'microrefugia'. However, evidence for microrefugia is hindered by lack understanding how rates warming vary across a landscape. Here, we present model applied provide fine-grained, multidecadal estimates temperature based on the underlying physical processes influence microclimate. Weather station and remotely derived...
We have undertaken a clinic-based survey of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) in Australia and New Zealand to establish incidence prevalence across the region populations differing ancestry.NMOSD is recently defined demyelinating disease central nervous system (CNS). The NMOSD has not been established.Centres managing patients with CNS reported clinical laboratory features that were suspicious for NMOSD. Testing aquaporin 4 antibodies was all suspected cases. From this group,...