A5103155910- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Malaria Research and Control
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Plant and animal studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Electrolyte and hormonal disorders
- Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis
- Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- Healthcare Systems and Challenges
- Sleep and related disorders
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Migration, Aging, and Tourism Studies
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
Imperial College London
2010-2024
Swansea University
2019-2023
University of Notre Dame
2015-2020
Fogarty International Center
2014-2016
National Institutes of Health
2014-2015
University of California, Davis
2012-2015
University of Oklahoma
1990
Abstract The global population at risk from mosquito-borne diseases—including dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and Zika—is expanding in concert with changes the distribution of two key vectors: Aedes aegypti albopictus . these species is largely driven by both human movement presence suitable climate. Using statistical mapping techniques, we show that patterns explain spread Europe United States following their introduction. We find Ae. characterized long distance importations, while has...
Dengue has been a notifiable disease in China since 1 September 1989. Cases have reported each year during the past 25 years of dramatic socio-economic changes China, and reached historical high 2014. This study describes changing epidemiology dengue this period, to identify high-risk areas seasons inform prevention control activities. We describe incidence distribution mainland using surveillance data from 1990-2014, which includes classification imported indigenous cases 2005-2014. From...
BackgroundMajor gains have been made in reducing malaria transmission many parts of the world, principally by scaling-up coverage with long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying. Historically, choice vector control intervention has largely guided a parameter sensitivity analysis George Macdonald's theory vectorial capacity that suggested prioritizing methods kill adult mosquitoes. While this advice highly successful for suppression, there is need to revisit these arguments...
Mosquito-borne diseases pose some of the greatest challenges in public health, especially tropical and sub-tropical regions world.Efforts to control these have been underpinned by a theoretical framework developed for malaria Ross Macdonald (1), including models, metrics measuring transmission, theory that identifies key vulnerabilities transmission cycle.That framework, Macdonald's formula R 0 ,and its entomological derivative, vectorial capacity, are now used study dynamics design...
Background Chikungunya is an emerging arbovirus that has caused explosive outbreaks in Africa and Asia for decades invaded the Americas just over a year ago. During this ongoing invasion, it spread to 45 countries where been transmitted autochthonously, infecting nearly 1.3 million people total. Methods Here, we made use of weekly, country-level case reports infer relationships between transmission two putative climatic drivers: temperature precipitation averaged across each country on...
Eliminating malaria from a defined region involves draining the endemic parasite reservoir and minimizing local transmission around imported infections . In last phases of elimination, as universal interventions reap diminishing marginal returns, national resources must become increasingly devoted to identifying where residual is occurring. The needs for accurate measures progress practical advice about how allocate scarce require new analytical methods quantify fine-grained heterogeneity in...
Abstract Vector-borne diseases display wide inter-annual variation in seasonal epidemic size due to their complex dependence on temporally variable environmental conditions and other factors. In 2014, Guangzhou, China experienced its worst dengue record, with incidence exceeding the historical average by two orders of magnitude. To disentangle contributions from multiple factors size, we fitted a semi-mechanistic model time series data 2005–2015 performed factorial simulation experiments...
Standard advice regarding vector control is to prefer interventions that reduce the lifespan of adult mosquitoes. The basis for this a decades-old sensitivity analysis 'vectorial capacity', concept relevant most malaria transmission models and based solely on mosquito population dynamics. Recent advances in micro-simulation offer an opportunity expand theory vectorial capacity include both juvenile stages model. In study we revisit arguments about its bionomic parameters using elasticity...
Increased dispersal propensity often evolves on expanding range edges due to the Olympic Village effect, which involves fastest and fittest finding themselves together in same place at time, mating, giving rise like individuals. But what happens after range's leading edge has passed games are over? Although empirical studies indicate that attenuates following expansion, hypotheses about mechanisms driving this attenuation have not been clearly articulated or tested. Here, we used a simple...
Both exotic and native species have been shown to evolve in response invasions, yet the impacts of rapidly evolving interactions between novel pairs largely ignored studies invasive spread. Here, I use a mathematical model an interacting predator its prey determine when how evolutionary lability one or both might impact dynamics invader's spatial advance. The shows that evolutionarily labile invaders continually better adapted phenotypes along moving invasion front, offering explanation for...
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged diagnostic systems globally. Expanding testing capabilities to conduct population-wide screening for requires innovation in services at both the molecular and industrial scale. No report to-date considered complexity of laboratory infrastructure conjunction with available assays offer a standardised solution testing. Here we present CONTAIN. A modular biosafety level 2+ optimised automated RT-qPCR based on standard 40ft shipping container. Using...
Human mobility, both short and long term, are important considerations in the study of numerous systems. Economic technological advances have led to a more interconnected global community, further increasing need for human mobility. While data on mobility better recorded many developed countries, availability such remains limited low- middle-income countries around world, particularly at fine temporal spatial scales required by applications. In this study, we used 5-year census-based...
<h3>Background</h3> The Six-minute walk test (6MWT) is extensively used to assess functional capacity in patients with COPD. current gold standard for administering and recording the a combination of assessor video (1). use digital wearable devices has potential make distance more accurate, easier save time. purpose this study was evaluate validity McRoberts Move Monitor (MM) assessing 6MWTD compared measurement within <h3>Method</h3> We assessed bias, precision, limits agreement, estimates...
ABSTRACT Vector-borne diseases display wide inter-annual variation in seasonal epidemic size due to their complex dependence on temporally variable environmental conditions and other factors. In 2014, Guangzhou, China experienced its worst dengue record, with incidence exceeding the historical average by two orders of magnitude. To disentangle contributions from multiple factors size, we fitted a semi-mechanistic model time series data 2005-2015 performed factorial simulation experiments...
<h3>Background</h3> Many body systems may be affected by chronic hyperventilation and symptoms wide-ranging. There is no obvious cause, gold standard test not all patients with Hyperventilation Syndrome (HVS) demonstrate characteristic low resting PaCO<sub>2</sub>. No previous studies were found that reported the breath-hold time of HVS subjects at functional residual capacity, subjects9 end-tidal carbon dioxideat breakpoint breath-hold, subjective experience or effect dioxide inhalation on...
ABSTRACT Increased dispersal propensity often evolves on expanding range edges due to the Olympic Village effect, which involves fastest and fittest finding themselves together in same place at time, mating, giving rise like individuals. But what happens after range’s leading edge has passed games are over? Although empirical studies indicate that attenuates following expansion, hypotheses about mechanisms driving this attenuation have not been clearly articulated or tested. Here we use a...
New technologies have become available to help screen/diagnose OSA; it remains unclear how these best fit in the diagnostic pathway. This project aims evaluate use of a validated (Kelly, J.L. et al. 2021 Front. Neurosci 16:726880) automated accelerometer-based device (Sunrise - Sunrise SA, Namur, Belgium) for pilot OSA clinic. Using locally agreed inclusion and exclusion criteria was offered patients as part remote assessment pathway primary care. Exclusion included oxygen saturation (SpO2)...
<b>Introduction:</b> In the UK there is a shift towards moving services from hospitals into community. It important to understand how these pathways work for management of OSA. <b>Aims:</b> This project aims describe and evaluate pilot healthcare scientist (HCS) led OSA clinic in Swansea Bay Health Board whether HCS was able make appropriate clinical decisions referral patients. <b>Methods:</b> this pathway general practitioners (GP's) made direct referrals who triage, assessment decisions,...