A5068436408- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Diphtheria, Corynebacterium, and Tetanus
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Livestock and Poultry Management
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Microbial Metabolism and Applications
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Food Safety and Hygiene
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Hereditary Neurological Disorders
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Insect Utilization and Effects
Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail
2015-2024
CEA Paris-Saclay
2022
Université Bretagne Loire
2016-2018
Université Européenne de Bretagne
2014-2015
Biosecurity is an essential tool for rearing healthy animals. measures (BMs) are well known in poultry production, but it difficult to assess actual implementation on farms. The aims of this qualitative study were (1) provide overview biosecurity according farmers Europe; and (2) better understand the reported reasons potential obstacles not implementing measures. In seven European Union Member States, 192 (118 under contract with a company 68 independents) working different categories...
En moins de 20 ans, Enterococcus cecorum est devenu l’un des agents pathogènes majeurs dans les élevages poulets chair et répartition mondiale. Cette bactérie opportuniste, commensale l’intestin volailles, responsable pathologies locomotrices pouvant entraîner la mortalité élevages. Elle à l’origine d’une dégradation du bien-être animal, utilisation accrue d’antibiotiques pertes économiques. revue tente d’établir un lien entre E. connaissances actuelles physiologiques moléculaires bactérie....
The purpose of this study was to develop a standardized tool for the assessment surveillance systems on zoonoses and animal diseases. We reviewed three existing methods combined them semi-quantitative associating their strengths providing way display multilevel results. developed set 78 criteria divided into ten sections, representing functional parts system. Each criterion given score according prescription scoring guide. Three graphical outputs were generated using specific combination...
Histomonas meleagridis is the aetiological agent of histomonosis or "blackhead disease". Histomonosis special importance today, because there no effective treatment to prevent its occurrence with considerable losses for poultry industry. Despite only a few molecular studies have yet been performed investigate degree genetic diversity between different isolates this parasite. In present study collection well defined samples, previously shown positive DNA H. meleagridis, was used relatedness...
Between 2011 and 2013, 17 poultry botulism outbreaks were investigated in France. All cases associated with Clostridium botulinum type C-D. Presence of C. was studied seven areas: house, changing room, ventilation system, surroundings, animal reservoirs, water, feed. Swabs, litter, soil, darkling beetles, rodents wild bird droppings, feed water samples collected. The presence C-D the environment affected flocks detected 39.5% 185 analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. reported each...
Botulism is a human and animal neurological disease caused by the action of bacterial neurotoxins (botulinum toxins) produced bacteria from genus Clostridium . This induces flaccid paralysis that can result in respiratory heart failure. Due to its serious potential impact on public health, botulism closely monitored notifiable France through case-based passive surveillance system. In humans, this rare, with an average 10 outbreaks reported each year, mainly due consumption contaminated...
Organic poultry production has increased sharply with growing consumer demand in the context of sustainable development. A study was conducted 85 organic broiler flocks between 2014 and 2015 to describe husbandry practices health welfare status broilers France, farming diversity by comparing independent farms (Ind farms, n = 15) direct sales working companies (Comp 70). Each flock visited at 3 11 weeks age collect data on conditions, disorders, mortality. Welfare notation 30 per parasitic...
Animal botulism is caused by group III Clostridium botulinum strains producing type C and D toxins, or their chimeric forms C/D D/C. considered an emerging disease in Europe, notably poultry production. Before our study, 14 genomes from different countries were available the public database, but none France. In order to investigate genetic relationship of French with geographical areas find new potential typing targets, 17 C. sequenced (16 France one New Caledonia). Fourteen isolated...
In 2014, a botulism outbreak in flock of laying hens was investigated France. the 5020 hens, clinical signs occurred at 46 weeks age. A type C/D confirmed using mouse lethality assay for detection botulinum toxin serum and real-time PCR test to detect Clostridium intestinal contents. The disease lasted one week with mortality rate 2.6% without recurrence. Botulism has rarely been reported. Five monthly visits were made farm between December 2014 May 2015 longitudinal study persistence C....
Liver is a reliable matrix for laboratory confirmation of avian botulism using real-time PCR. Here, we developed, optimized, and validated the analytical steps preceding PCR to maximize detection Clostridium botulinum group III in liver. These pre-PCR included enrichment incubation whole liver (maximum 25 g) at 37°C least 24 h an anaerobic chamber DNA extraction enzymatic digestion step followed by purification step. Conditions sample storage before analysis appear have strong effect on C....
We report the development of real-time PCR assays for genotyping Clostridium botulinum group III targeting newly defined C. novyi sensu lato group; nontoxic nonhemagglutinin (NTNH)-encoding gene ntnh; neurotoxin (BoNT)-encoding genes bont/C, bont/C/D, bont/D, and bont/D/C; flagellin (fliC) gene. The genetic diversity fliC among strains resulted in definition five major subgroups named fliC-I to fliC-V. Investigation subtypes 560 samples, with various European origins, showed that was...
In winter 2018, a massive type D/C cattle botulism outbreak occurred on mixed dairy and broiler farm in France. An investigation was conducted based the hypothesis of asymptomatic carriage poultry. We set out to identify source contamination monitor broilers over time, including hatchery delivering chicks farm. Environmental samples were collected during ( n = 40), after for three successive flocks 128), once 58). These analyzed using real-time PCR an enrichment step detect Clostridium...
The level of implementation biosecurity measures (BMs), the reasons for not implementing BMs and effectiveness were assessed according to perceptions stakeholders (i.e., farmers advisors) in Italian poultry farms. For this purpose, data collected using a questionnaire administered advisors (n = 37) 30) conventional broiler 13) layer 13), free-range 8) 10), turkey duck 3) breeder 7) farms between April September 2021. frequency was 66.97% 81.14% answers provided by farmers, respectively, with...
In 2021, France faced large avian influenza outbreaks, like in 2016 and 2017. Controlling these outbreaks required the preventive depopulation of a number duck farms. A previous study 2017 showed that quality decontamination trucks transport crates used for was often insufficient. new then set up to evaluate cleaning disinfection (C&D) whether practices had changed since Three methods were assess decontamination: 1) detection virus (AIV) genome, 2) visual inspection cleanliness, 3) microbial...
Few studies have tested DNA extraction methods to optimize the detection of Clostridium botulinum in environmental samples that can be collected during animal botulism outbreaks. In this study, we evaluated four commercial kits for C. group III 82 various (9 manure, 53 swabs, 3 insects, 8 water, 1 silage and soil samples) a context The PowerSoil® kit was most efficient almost all matrices (83.6% 73 samples), except manure which NucleoSpin® Soil efficient. enabled 75.3%, QIAamp® Mini Kit...
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) cause extra-intestinal infections called colibacillosis, which is the dominant bacterial disease in broilers. To date, given diversity of APEC strains and need for an acceptable level protection day-old chicks, no satisfactory commercial vaccine available. As part a French nationwide project, we selected three representative among several hundred that colibacillosis disease. We first performed experiments to develop vivo models, using inoculum 3 × 107...
Background Persistence of Clostridium botulinum in the environment is well known. Getting rid it after animal botulism outbreaks so tricky, especially as far manure concerns. This study aimed at 1. describing management on 10 poultry farms affected by and 2. assessing persistence C outbreak. Methods Each farm was visited twice two different storage times (two weeks removal months later). Fifteen samples were collected each visit detected using real‐time PCR. Results Management varied among...