A5049443349- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Gut microbiota and health
- Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
- Microbial Metabolism and Applications
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Brain Tumor Detection and Classification
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
Harvard University
2016-2024
Harvard University Press
2024
Center for Pain and the Brain
2022
Tufts University
2016-2020
William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital
2008-2012
Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center
2008-2012
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2008-2012
University of Wisconsin System
2008
PsychoPy is an application for the creation of experiments in behavioral science (psychology, neuroscience, linguistics, etc.) with precise spatial control and timing stimuli. It now provides a choice interface; users can write scripts Python if they choose, while those who prefer to construct graphically use new Builder interface. Here we describe features that have been added over last 10 years its development. The most notable addition has interface, allowing create studies minimal or no...
Caloric restriction (CR), without malnutrition, delays aging and extends life span in diverse species; however, its effect on resistance to illness mortality primates has not been clearly established. We report findings of a 20-year longitudinal adult-onset CR study rhesus monkeys aimed at filling this critical gap research. In population macaques maintained the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, moderate lowered incidence aging-related deaths. At time point reported, 50% control...
Abstract Structural brain change and concomitant cognitive decline are the seemingly unavoidable escorts of aging. Despite accumulating studies detailing effects age on cognition, relationship between white matter features function in aging have only recently received attention remain incompletely understood. White microstructure can be measured with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), but whether DTI provide unique information that is not explained by volume known. In current study,...
Abstract Most studies of bacterial motility have examined small-scale (micrometer–centimeter) cell dispersal in monocultures. However, bacteria live multispecies communities, where interactions with other microbes may inhibit or facilitate dispersal. Here, we demonstrate that motile cheese rind microbiomes use physical networks created by filamentous fungi for dispersal, and these can shape microbial community structure. Serratia proteamaculans disperse on fungal swimming the liquid layers...
Many metagenomic sequencing studies have observed the presence of closely related bacterial species or genotypes in same microbiome. Previous attempts to explain these patterns microdiversity focused on abiotic environment, but few considered how biotic interactions could drive microbiome diversity. We dissected patterns, processes, and mechanisms shaping ecological distributions three Staphylococcus cheese rind biofilms. Paradoxically, most abundant (S. equorum) is slowest colonizer weakest...
When pursuing high-value goals, mature individuals typically titrate cognitive performance according to environmental demands. However, it remains unclear whether adolescents similarly integrate value-based goals selectively enhance goal-directed behavior. We used a value-contingent control task during fMRI assess how stakes-the value of prospective outcome-modulate flexible behavior and underlying neurocognitive processes. Here we demonstrate that while adults high stakes, perform low...
Our work demonstrated that the specific microbial strains used to construct a microbiome could impact species composition, perturbation responses, and functional outputs of system. These findings suggest 16S rRNA gene taxonomic profiles alone may have limited potential predict dynamics communities because they usually do not capture strain-level diversity. Observations from our synthetic also diversity has drive variability in aesthetics quality surface-ripened cheeses.
Caloric restriction (CR) reduces the pathological effects of aging and extends lifespan in many species, including nonhuman primates, although effect on brain is less well characterized. We used two common indicators aging, motor performance speed iron deposition measured vivo using magnetic resonance imaging, to determine potential CR elderly rhesus macaques eating restricted (n=24, 13 males, 11 females) standard (n=17, 8 9 diets. Both control monkeys showed age-related increases...
Fermented foods provide novel ecological opportunities for natural populations of microbes to evolve through successive recolonization resource-rich substrates. Comparative genomic data have reconstructed the evolutionary histories adapted food environments, but experimental studies directly demonstrating process domestication are lacking most fermented microbes. Here, we show that during adaptation cheese, phenotypic and metabolomic traits wild Penicillium molds rapidly change produce...
There is concern that the COVID-19 pandemic may cause increased risk of suicide. In current study, we tested whether suicidal thinking has during and such was predicted by feelings social isolation. a sample 55 individuals recently hospitalized for or behaviors participating in 6-month intensive longitudinal smartphone monitoring examined isolation before after declared national emergency United States. We found significantly among adults (odds ratio [ OR] = 4.01, 95% confidence interval...
Insulin signaling dysregulation is related to neural atrophy in hippocampus and other areas affected by neurovascular neurodegenerative disorders. It not known if long-term calorie restriction (CR) can ameliorate this relationship through improved insulin or such an effect might influence task learning performance. To model hypothesis, magnetic resonance imaging was conducted on 27 CR 17 control rhesus monkeys aged 19–31 years from a longitudinal study. Voxel-based regression analyses were...
Caloric restriction (CR) reduces the pathological effects of aging and extends lifespan in many species, including nonhuman primates, although effect on brain is less well characterized. We used two common indicators aging, motor performance speed iron deposition measured vivo using magnetic resonance imaging, to determine potential CR elderly rhesus macaques eating restricted ( n = 24, 13 males, 11 females) standard 17, 8 9 diets. Both control monkeys showed age-related increases...
Abstract Recent studies suggest that white matter abnormalities contribute to both motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. The present study was designed investigate the degree which diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) indices are related executive function in patients. We used tract-based spatial statistics compare DTI data from 15 patients healthy, age- education-matched controls. then extracted mean values fractional anisotropy (FA) diffusivity (MD) within an a...
Antisociality is commonly conceptualized as a unitary construct, but there considerable evidence for multidimensionality. In particular, two partially dissociable symptom clusters—psychopathy and externalizing—have divergent associations to clinical forensic outcomes are linked unique patterns executive dysfunction. Here, we used fMRI in sample of incarcerated offenders map these dimensions antisocial behavior brain circuits underlying aspects inhibitory self-control: interference...
Adults titrate the degree of physical effort they are willing to expend according magnitude reward expect obtain, a process guided by incentive motivation. However, it remains unclear whether adolescents, who undergoing normative developmental changes in cognitive and processing, translate motivation into action way that is similarly tuned value economical utilization. The present study adapted classic paradigm quantify age-related motivation-based strategic markers exertion for monetary...
Background: Military Servicemembers and Veterans are at elevated risk for suicide, but rarely self-identify to their leaders or clinicians regarding experience of suicidal thoughts. We developed an algorithm identify on a military-specific social media platform. Methods: Publicly-shared posts (n = 8449) from platform were reviewed labeled by our team the presence/absence thoughts behaviors used train several machine learning models such posts. Results: The best performing model was deep...