Aims/Purpose: To electrophysiologically characterize the populations of thermosensitive trigeminal neurons that innervate cornea based on their response to cooling. Methods: The activity ganglion was recorded in anesthetized Wistar rats using epoxylite‐insulated W microelectrodes inserted at specific stereotaxic coordinates. Saline drops different temperatures were instilled change corneal temperature, which constantly with a high‐speed thermal probe. Spontaneous without intended stimulation...

Perfluorohexyloctane (F6H8) eyedrops have been recently introduced in Europe as a product to treat dry eye disease, based on its ability reduce tear film instability Meibomian gland dysfunction and evaporative although mechanism of action is still unknown. In the present pilot study, we evaluated effects ocular instillation single drop commercial F6H8 20 healthy humans (9 women/11 men), measuring: (a) Corneal surface temperature (CST) from infrared video images; (b) volume using phenol red...

Abstract Background Electrical stimulation of skin afferents can induce somatosensory plasticity in humans. Nevertheless, it is unknown if this possible to do through percutaneous a peripheral nerve, which will allow for regional anaesthesia interventions. Furthermore, potentiation protocols applied over mainly non‐nociceptive fibres inhibit nociception rodents, but has not been tested Objective To determine whether protocol aiming depress the nociceptive circuit and another potentiate...

The class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) have pivotal roles in the development of different tissues. Of this family, Schwann cells express Hdac4, 5, and 7 but not Hdac9. Here, we show that a transcription factor regulated genetic compensatory mechanism within family proteins, blocks negative regulators myelination ensuring peripheral nerve developmental remyelination after injury. Thus, when Hdac4 5 are knocked-out from mice, JUN-dependent induces overexpression Hdac7 permitting, although...

Objetivos: Si el dolor es una sensación (relacionado con perturbaciones corporales) o percepción las diferentes evaluaciones del paciente) pregunta que, en principio, la Fisioterapia no tiene responsabilidad de responder, como tampoco lo resolver problema consciencia. Sin embargo, un fenómeno consciente y esto unas implicaciones científicas clínicas importantes que podemos seguir soslayando durante más tiempo, ni consulta laboratorio. Nos preguntamos entonces qué luz puede arrojar estudio...

Purpose: To study the characteristics of reflex blink evoked by cold and heat stimulation ocular surface (OS), to define contribution TRPM8 process. Methods: The orbicularis oculi muscle electromyography signal (OOemg) temperature (OST; measured with a small thermoprobe placed on cornea) were recorded in anaesthetised rats. OS changes (Δ T ) induced topical instillation 20 μL drops saline solution at different temperatures (15–50°C). Δ area under curve (AUC) duration OOemg signals analysed...

Abstract Ocular Surface (OS) somatosensory innervation detects external stimuli producing perceptions, such as pain or dryness, the most relevant symptoms in many OS pathologies. Nevertheless, little is known about central nervous system circuits involved these and how they integrate multimodal inputs general. Here, we aim to describe thalamic cortical activity response stimulation of different modalities. Electrophysiological extracellular recordings anaesthetized rats were used record...

(1) Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a safe intervention, only producing mild and transient adverse effects (AEs). However, there no detailed analysis of the pattern in an application transferable to clinic. Therefore, our objective describe AEs produced by tDCS its temporal evolution. (2) Methods: A total 33 young volunteers were randomized into or sham group. Participants performed hand dexterity task while receiving intervention (20 min 1 mA), for five...

Abstract Pain hypersensitivity is associated with increased activity of peripheral and central neurons along the pain neuroaxis 1 . On other hand, in neuronal systems, leads to adaptive reduction excitability maintain homeostasis 2–4 Projection (PNs) spinal medullary dorsal horns summate primary nociceptive local interneurons convey it higher centers 5 We show that at peak acute inflammatory pain, PNs reduce their intrinsic and, consequently, action potential firing. When resolves, returns...

The purpose of this double-blinded randomized controlled trial was to investigate whether percutaneous electrolysis (PE) is able activate endogenous pain modulation and its effects are dependent on the dosage galvanic current. A total 54 asymptomatic subjects aged 18–40 years were into three groups, receiving a single ultrasound-guided PE intervention that consisted needle insertion lateral epicondyle tendon: sham (without electrical current), low-intensity (0.3 mA, 90 s), high-intensity...

Abstract Peripheral sensory neurons transduce physicochemical stimuli affecting somatic tissues into the firing of action potentials that are conveyed to central nervous system. This results in conscious perception, adaptation, and survival, but alterations patterns can result pain hypersensitivity conditions. Thus, understanding molecular mechanisms underlying potential peripheral is essential biology pathophysiology. Over past 30 years, it has been consistently reported these cells display...

Abstract Background The vasculature function is mainly regulated by the autonomic nervous system. Importantly, sensory‐motor system also innervates peripheral vessels and has capacity to modulate vascular tone. Here we investigated effects of electrical stimulation a mixed nerve trunk on blood flow in deep arteries muscle perfusion. Our hypothesis that can modify flow. Methods Twenty‐nine healthy participants were included into randomized‐crossover blinded clinical trial. Each subject...

Percutaneous electrolysis consists of the application a galvanic electrical current throughout an acupuncture needle. It has been previously hypothesized that needling procedures’ neurophysiological effects may be related to endogenous pain modulation (EPM). This protocol study describes design double-blind (participant, assessor) randomized controlled trial with aim investigate whether percutaneous is able enhance EPM and effect different between two applications depending on dosage...

Abstract Impairment of nasal breathing is a highly prevalent and bothersome symptom that affects daily functioning and/or sleep quality. Those surgeons dealing with patients seeking rhinoplasty need to carefully analyze the preoperative capacity predict positive or even negative impact rhino(septo)plasty on breathing. Given lack correlation between subjective feeling suboptimal objective measurements flow resistance, critical mainly clinical evaluation all anatomical, mucosal, sensory...

Objetivos: Realizar una investigación filosófica, sin perder la perspectiva científica y clínica de fórmula Anil Seth: “la percepción es alucinación central controlada por los sentidos”, siguiendo el arco narrativo que propone autor en superventas Being You: A new science of consciousness” (Seth, 2021) averiguar qué implicaciones tiene para caso del dolor. Métodos: Se realizó revisión filosófica crítica a partir estructura “Being 2021), un diálogo entre las diferentes corrientes filosóficas...

The role of TRPA1 in the thermosensitivity corneal cold thermoreceptor nerve endings was studied young and aged mice. contribution TRPA1-dependent activity to basal tearing thermally-evoked blink also explored. thermoreceptors’ recorded extracellularly (5-month-old) (18-month-old) C57BL/6WT (WT) TRPA1−/− knockout (TRPA1-KO) mice at temperature (34 °C) during cooling (15 heating (45 ramps. response heat stimulation ocular surface rate were measured animals using orbicularis oculi muscle...

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been investigated as a way of improving motor learning. Our purpose was to explore the reversal bilateral tDCS effects on manual dexterity training, during five days, with retention component measured after 5 days determine whether somatosensory were produced. In this randomized, triple-blind clinical trial, 28 healthy subjects (14 women) recruited and randomized into placebo groups, although only 23 participants (13 finished complete...

Purpose TRPA 1 and TRPM 8 channels provide cold sensitivity to thermoreceptor neurons, being activated by high‐ low‐intensity cooling stimuli respectively. Corneal sensory nerve terminals ( CSNT s) encode both corneal surface temperature reductions tear osmolarity increases associated with evaporation, acting as `dryness detectors′. 8‐dependent activity of s contribute basal tearing is disturbed ageing, while the role 1‐dependent still unknown. In present work, electrical from 1‐ KO mice was...